Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi (Arabic: أبو الْيُسر الْبَزْدَوي) (c.1030-c.1100), who was given the honorific title of Sadr al-Islam, was a prominent Central Asian Hanafi-Maturidi scholar and a qadi (judge) in Samarqand in the late eleventh century. He was a teacher to several well-known Hanafi scholars, such as Najm al-Din 'Umar al-Nasafi and 'Ala' al-Din al-Samarqandi (who was a teacher to Al-Kasani).
Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi أبو الْيُسر الْبَزْدَوي | |
|---|---|
| Title | Sadr al-Islam صدر الإسلام |
| Personal | |
| Born | 421 A.H. = c. 1030 A.D. |
| Died | 493 A.H. = 1100 A.D. |
| Religion | Islam |
| Era | Islamic Golden Age |
| Region | Ma Wara' al-Nahr (the land which lies beyond the river), Transoxiana (Central Asia) |
| Denomination | Sunni |
| Jurisprudence | Hanafi |
| Creed | Maturidi |
| Main interest(s) | Aqidah, Kalam (Islamic theology), Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) |
| Notable work(s) | Kitab Usul al-Din |
| Muslim leader | |
Influenced by | |
Influenced
| |
Name
editAbu al-Yusr Muhammad b. Muhammad b. al-Hussein b. 'Abd al-Karim b. Musa b. Mujahid al-Nasafi al-Bazdawi.[1]
The attribution al-Bazdawi indicates that he or his family originated from Bazda or Bazdawa, a small town with a castle on the road between Nasaf and Bukhara.[2]
He was the younger brother of Fakhr al-Islam Abu al-Hassan al-Bazdawi, the author of Kanz al-Wusul, also known as Usul al-Bazdawi.
Birth
editHe was born around the year 421 A.H. (1030 A.D.) and received his earliest education in Maturidism disciplines from his father.[3] His grandfather Abu Muhammad 'Abd al-Karim b. Musa al-Bazdawi (d. 390 AH/1000–1001 CE), who was a student of al-Maturidi, and his elder brother Fakhr al-Islam 'Ali b. Muhammad al-Bazdawi (d. 482–483 AH/1089–1090 CE) were leading Hanafi scholars and wrote many books.[4]
Teachers
edit- Shams al-A'imma 'Abd al-'Aziz al-Halwai (d. 456/1064) who was also a teacher to Al-Sarakhsi.[5]
- Fakhr al-Islam al-Bazdawi (d. 482 AH) who was his elder brother.
Students
editSome of his well known students were Najm al-Din 'Umar al-Nasafi and 'Ala' al-Din al-Samarqandi (who was a teacher to 'Ala' al-Din al-Kasani).[6][7]
Works
editHe was the author of several works on law, including a commentary on the major work of Abu Hanifa, after whom the Hanafi school was named, and a commentary on a work of Abu Hanifa's student Muhammad al-Shaybani, who was one of the founders of the Hanafi school.[8]
The most important of his books which remain is Kitab Usul al-Din (edited with a biographical introduction by Hans-Peter Linss).[9]
Al-Bazdawi's Kitab Usul al-Din, as described by Hans-Peter Linss, comprises:[10]
- a short review of all literature of the heretics on dogma and theology in Islam;
- a Hanafi-Sunni orthodoxy defence against the dissenting opinions and teachings of the heretical sects; and
- a study on the heterodox factions in Islam, their subdivisions and their most important leaders.
Al-Bazdawi was also the author of Ma'rifat al-Hujaj al-Shar'iyya (Arabic: معرفة الحجج الشرعية) in Usul al-Fiqh.[11][12]
Dr. Haytham Abdul-Hamid Khazna (Arabic: هيثم عبد الحميد خزنة) said in his book Tatawur al-Fikr al-Usuli al-Hanafi (Arabic: تطور الفكر الأصولي الحنفي) that this book should not be attributed to Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi, because the books of Tarajim (biographies and bibliographies) didn't mention it, and because the book is weak in style analysis.[13]
Death
editAfter serving for a period of time as a magistrate in Samarqand, he eventually moved to Bukhara and died there in 493 A.H. (1100 A.D.).[14]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Siyar A'lam al-Nubala'". Islamweb.net.
- ^ Journal for the History of Arabic Science, Volumes 7-8. Institute for the History of Arabic Science, University of Aleppo. 1983. p. 4.
- ^ Wan Jamaluddin. "AL-PALIMBANI'S THOUGHT IN HIS SUFISTIC WORK" (PDF). Study on Manuscript in Saint Petersburg-Russia titled: «A Gift for those, who Seeks The Real Faith». p. 174.
- ^ "BAZDAWI ABU AL YUSR (421H/1030CE-493H/1100CE)". Islamic Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on 2019-03-29. Retrieved 2019-03-29.
- ^ Hanif, Sohail, 2019, "Al-Hadith al-Mashhur: A Hanafi Reference to Kufan Practice?", in Locating the Shari'a: Legal Fluidity in Theory, History and Practice by Sohaira Siddiqui (ed.), Brill Publications, Leiden, 2019.
- ^ Talal Al-Azem (2016). Rule-Formulation and Binding Precedent in the Madhhab-Law Tradition. Brill Publishers. p. 70. ISBN 9789004323292.
- ^ Sohaira Siddiqui (2019). Locating the Sharia: Legal Fluidity in Theory, History and Practice. Brill Publishers. p. 99. ISBN 9789004391710.
- ^ Journal for the History of Arabic Science, Volumes 7-8. Institute for the History of Arabic Science, University of Aleppo. 1983. p. 4.
- ^ The Pakistan Philosophical Journal, Volume 14. Pakistan Philosophical Congress. 1975. p. 18.
- ^ Wan Jamaluddin. "AL-PALIMBANI'S THOUGHT IN HIS SUFISTIC WORK" (PDF). Study on Manuscript in Saint Petersburg-Russia titled: «A Gift for those, who Seeks The Real Faith». p. 174.
- ^ The Pakistan Philosophical Journal, Volume 14. Pakistan Philosophical Congress. 1975. p. 18.
- ^ Arabic Edition & Index by M. Bernand & Eric Chaumond, IFAO, Cairo, 2003.
- ^ "A Brief Biography of Sadr al-Islam Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi, by Dr. Haytham Abdul-Hamid Khazna".
- ^ The Pakistan Philosophical Journal, Volume 14. Pakistan Philosophical Congress. 1975. p. 18.
External links
edit- Islamic Pedia - Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi Archived 2019-03-29 at the Wayback Machine
- Ebü’l-Yüsr el-Pezdevî (in Turkish)
- (Usul-üd-Din) Ebü’l-Yüsr el-Pezdevî’nin (ö. 493/1100) kelâma dair eseri (in Turkish)
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