Acacia binervata, commonly known as two-veined hickory, is a shrub or tree that is endemic to eastern Australia.
| Two-veined hickory | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Fabales |
| Family: | Fabaceae |
| Subfamily: | Caesalpinioideae |
| Clade: | Mimosoid clade |
| Genus: | Acacia |
| Species: | A. binervata
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| Binomial name | |
| Acacia binervata | |
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| Occurrence data from AVH | |
Description
editThe tall shrub reaching 5 m (16 ft) in height or tree to 15 m (49 ft) in height has an erect to spreading habit with grey-black or grey-brown coloured bark that can be smooth or rough. The glabrous branchlets are angled toward the apices. [1] It has phyllodes instead of true leaves which have two prominent veins (giving the plant its species name binervata). The evergreen phyllodes have a narrowly elliptic to broadly elliptic or occasionally lanceolate shape and are straight or sometimes subfalcate with a length of 6 to 14 cm (2.4 to 5.5 in) and a width of 10 to 30 mm (0.4 to 1.2 in). It blooms between August and November producing inflorescences that occur in groups of three to twelve in the axillary racemes. The spherical flower-heads have a diameter of 5 to 10 mm (0.2 to 0.4 in) and contain 30 to 50 pale yellow to almost white coloured flowers. The firmly papery to leathery seed pods that form after flowering are straight and flat and can be constricted between the seeds. The pods are 3.5 to 14 cm (1.4 to 5.5 in) in length and 9 to 14 mm (0.4 to 0.6 in) wide with longitudinally arranged seeds inside.[1] The shiny black seeds have an oblong-elliptic shape with a length of around 5 mm (0.2 in) and with a black aril.[2]
Taxonomy
editThe species was first formally described by the botanist Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in 1825 as part of the work Leguminosae. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis. It was later reclassified as Racosperma binervatum in 1987 by Leslie Pedley then transferred back to genus Acacia in 2014. The only other synonym is Acacia umbrosa.[3]
Distribution
editThe plant is found down the east coast of Australia from south east Queensland through much of coastal New South Wales. It is found from around Narooma in southern New South Wales to around Mittagong in the west[1] up to around the Mount Tambourine area in southern Queensland.[2] It grows on moist sites in sandy or basaltic soils as a part of tall sclerophyll forest or on the margins of rainforest communities.[1]
Cultivation
editThe plant can be grown from seed, though the seed must be scarified prior to planting. It is a hardy and fast growing plant that copes well in damp areas and prefers full sun or part shade positions. It is a dense shade tree or shelter tree or hedge that is frost hardy.[4]
Plant pathogen and fungal species Sarcostroma acaciae is found on various species of Acacia including Acacia binervata in Australia. They cause leaf spots.[5]
See also
editReferences
edit
- ^ a b c d P.G. Kodela. "New South Wales Flora Online: Acacia binervata". Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney, Australia.
- ^ a b "Acacia binervata DC". Wattle - Acacias of Australia. Lucid Central. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
- ^ "Acacia binervata DC". Atlas of Living Australia. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
- ^ "Acacia binervata Two-veined Hickory". Wattles - Genus Acacia. Australian National Herbarium. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
- ^ Kenneth Malcolm Old, Su See Lee and J. K. Sharma (Editors) Diseases of Tropical Acacias: Proceedings of an International Workshop Held at Subanjeriji (South Sumatra) 29 April - 3 May 1996, p. 112, at Google Books