Wikipedia

Academy of Military Medical Sciences

The Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS) of the People's Liberation Army Academy of Military Sciences (Chinese: 中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院) is a Chinese military medical research institute.[1][2] It was established in Shanghai in 1951.[3] It has been based in Beijing since 1958.

Academy of Military Medical Sciences
Simplified Chinese中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院
Traditional Chinese中國人民解放軍軍事科學院軍事醫學研究院
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhōngguó Rénmín Jiěfàngjūn Jūnshì Kēxuéyuàn Jūnshì Yīxué Yánjiūyuàn
The AMMS in Beijing

In October 2011, the drug "Night Eagle", developed to help soldiers cope with sleep deprivation during missions, was unveiled in an exhibition marking the institute's 60th anniversary.[4]

In December 2014, the Chinese government announced that the Academy of Military Medical Sciences had developed an Ebola virus vaccine candidate that had been approved for clinical trials.[1][2]

In December 2021, the United States Department of Commerce added the Academy of Military Medical Sciences to the Entity List, accusing it of aiding in the persecution of Uyghurs in China.[5]

COVID-19 vaccine

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Main articles: Convidecia and Zhongyianke Biotech–Liaoning Maokangyuan Biotech COVID-19 vaccine

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the AMMS partnered with CanSino Biologics to develop Convidecia. The development team, led by Chen Wei, registered a Phase 1 trial in March 2020 and a Phase 2 trial in April 2020.[6][7] It conducted its Phase III trials in Argentina,[8] Chile,[9] Mexico,[10] Pakistan,[11] Russia,[12] and Saudi Arabia[13] with 40,000 participants.

In February 2021, global data from Phase III trials and 101 COVID cases showed the vaccine had a 65.7% efficacy in preventing moderate symptoms of COVID-19, and 91% efficacy in preventing severe disease.[14] It has similar efficacy to the Janssen vaccine, another one-shot adenovirus vector vaccine with 66% efficacy in a global trial.[15][16] Convidecia is also similar to other viral vector vaccines like the Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccine and Sputnik V vaccine.[17] Its single-dose regimen and standard refrigerator storage requirement (2°to 8 °C) could make it a favorable vaccine option for many countries.[15]

Convidecia is approved for use by some countries in Asia,[18][19][20] Europe,[21][22] and Latin America.[23][24][25] Production capacity for Ad5-NCov should reach 500 million doses in 2021. Manufacturing will take place in China,[26] Malaysia,[20] Mexico,[27] and Pakistan.[28]

The vaccine was the first one approved outside of clinical trials in an expedited decision, which authorized its use only by the Chinese military.[29]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b "China's Ebola vaccine enters clinical trials". Archived from the original on December 23, 2014. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
  2. ^ a b "China approves experimental Ebola vaccine for clinical trials". Reuters. 18 December 2014. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
  3. ^ Patti Waldmeir (October 15, 2014). "China sends thousands of doses of anti-Ebola drug to Africa". Financial Times.
  4. ^ "PLA eyes 'Night Eagle' to make army of night owls". South China Morning Post. 16 October 2011. Retrieved 5 January 2017.
  5. ^ Knutson, Jacob (December 16, 2021). "U.S. sanctions Chinese tech companies over abuse of Uyghurs". Axios. Retrieved December 16, 2021.
  6. ^ Xie, John (15 April 2020). "China Announces Phase 2 of Clinical Trials of COVID-19 Vaccine". Voice of America. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
  7. ^ "The Lancet: First human trial of COVID-19 vaccine finds it is safe and induces rapid immune response". EurekAlert!. 22 May 2020. Retrieved 24 December 2020.
  8. ^ "Comenzará en la Argentina un nuevo estudio de vacuna recombinante contra el SARS-CoV-2". infobae (in European Spanish). 14 December 2020. Retrieved 2020-12-15.
  9. ^ "Gob.cl - Article: Science Minister: "We Work With Maximum Rigor So That Science And Technology Benefit People'S Health"". Government of Chile. Retrieved 2020-11-21.
  10. ^ "Chinese Covid vaccine trials to be expanded to five more states". Mexico News Daily. 2020-11-10. Retrieved 2020-11-11.
  11. ^ "Phase III Trial of A COVID-19 Vaccine of Adenovirus Vector in Adults 18 Years Old and Above - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov". clinicaltrials.gov. Retrieved 2020-10-21.
  12. ^ "Russia approves clinical trials for Chinese COVID-19 vaccine Ad5-Ncov: Ifax". Reuters. 2020-12-07. Archived from the original on December 7, 2020. Retrieved 2020-12-07.
  13. ^ Eltahir N (9 August 2020). "CanSino to start Phase III trial of COVID-19 vaccine in Saudi". Reuters. Retrieved 9 August 2020.
  14. ^ "CanSinoBIO's COVID-19 vaccine 65.7% effective in global trials, Pakistan official says". Reuters. 8 February 2021. Retrieved 2021-02-08.
  15. ^ a b "China's CanSino Covid Vaccine Shows 65.7% Efficacy". Bloomberg.com. 2021-02-08. Retrieved 2021-02-10.
  16. ^ "It's not just Johnson & Johnson: China has a single-dose COVID-19 vaccine that has 65% efficacy". Fortune. Retrieved 2021-02-11.
  17. ^ Zimmer C, Corum J, Wee SL (2020-06-10). "Coronavirus Vaccine Tracker". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-12-12.
  18. ^ Liu, Roxanne (2021-02-25). "China approves two more domestic COVID-19 vaccines for public use". Reuters. Retrieved 2021-02-26.
  19. ^ "Pakistan purchases over 30 million COVID doses from China: sources". ARY NEWS. 2021-04-25. Retrieved 2021-04-26.
  20. ^ a b "Malaysia to receive CanSino vaccine this month | The Malaysian Insight". www.themalaysianinsight.com. Retrieved 2021-04-03.
  21. ^ Ashok, Rashmi (2021-03-22). "UPDATE 2-China's CanSino Biologics COVID-19 vaccine receives emergency use approval in Hungary". Reuters. Retrieved 2021-03-22.
  22. ^ "Membrii NITAG au venit cu recomandări privind utilizarea vaccinurilor împotriva COVID-19 în Republica Moldova". Ministerul Sănătății, Muncii și Protecţiei Sociale. 2021-03-03. Retrieved 2021-05-21.
  23. ^ "'Our gratitude always': From China's CanSino, Mexico welcomes biggest vaccine shipment yet". Reuters. 2021-02-11. Retrieved 2021-02-11.
  24. ^ "Argentina issues emergency approval to China's single-dose Cansino COVID-19 vaccine". Reuters. 2021-06-11. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
  25. ^ "ISP Approves Emergency Use And Importation Of Cansino Vaccine To Fight COVID-19". Institute of Public Health of Chile. Retrieved 2021-04-08.
  26. ^ "China can hit 500-mln-dose annual capacity of CanSinoBIO COVID-19 vaccine this year". finance.yahoo.com. Retrieved 2021-02-28.
  27. ^ Solomon, Daina Beth (2021-02-28). "China's CanSino says first vaccines packaged in Mexico will be ready in March". Reuters. Retrieved 2021-03-12.
  28. ^ "Pakistan develops homemade anti-Covid vaccine 'PakVac'". The Express Tribune. 2021-05-24. Retrieved 2021-05-25.
  29. ^ "CanSino's COVID-19 vaccine candidate approved for military use in China". Reuters. 2020-06-29. Retrieved 2020-12-13.
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39°53′57″N 116°15′47″E / 39.8993°N 116.263°E / 39.8993; 116.263

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