Acraspis quercushirta, the jewel oak gall wasp, is a species of gall wasp in the family Cynipidae, [2][3] tribe Cynipini (oak gall wasps),[4] found in North America.[5][6]
| Acraspis quercushirta | |
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| adult female, Aug 31 2020 | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Cynipidae |
| Genus: | Acraspis |
| Species: | A. quercushirta
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| Binomial name | |
| Acraspis quercushirta | |
| Synonyms | |
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Hosts are white oaks, including bur oak, Gambel oak, Chapman oak, swamp chestnut oak, and chestnut oak.[1]
Ecology and Life History
editLike most oak gall wasps, this species has two generations per year - one asexual (or agamic) and one sexual, with each generation producing distinct galls.[1] The wingless females of the asexual generation emerge from their galls in fall and climb up an oak tree to oviposit in bud scales thereby inducing the gall development.[1][7] These inconspicuous galls and their larval inhabitants overwinter and continue their development in spring before adults emerge in late May and early June.[1] These sexual generation adults mate and the females oviposit on veins on the underside of host leaves.[2][8] The induced gall is detachable, oval in shape, and the color can range from white to yellowish to tan or brown. The surface is fissured into facets that end in a short, hard point, reminiscent of jewelry.[9] These galls typically fall with the leaves in autumn with the asexual female adults emerging shortly thereafter.
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gall, Jun 24 2022 -
gall, Aug 30 2021
References
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- ^ a b c d e James A. Nicholls; George Melika; Scott C. Digweed; Graham N. Stone (1 June 2022). "Pairing of sexual and asexual generations of Nearctic oak gallwasps, with new synonyms and new species names (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae, Cynipini)". Zootaxa. 5145: 1–79. doi:10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5145.1.1. ISSN 1175-5334. Wikidata Q113387522.
- ^ a b Lewis H. Weld (1959), Cynipid Galls of the Eastern United States, Ann Arbor: self-publishing, OCLC 4854623, Wikidata Q100986199
- ^ Graham N Stone; Karsten Schonrogge; Rachel J Atkinson; David Bellido; Juli Pujade-Villar (1 January 2002). "The population biology of oak gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)". Annual Review of Entomology. 47: 633–668. doi:10.1146/ANNUREV.ENTO.47.091201.145247. ISSN 0066-4170. PMID 11729087. Wikidata Q34453785.
- ^ George Melika; Warren G. Abrahamson (2002). "Review of the World Genera of Oak Cynipid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini)". In George Melika; Csaba Thuróczy (eds.). Parasitic wasps : evolution, systematics, biodiversity and biological control : International Symposium : Parasitic Hymenoptera : Taxonomy and Biological Control (14-17 May 2001, Kőszeg, Hungary). pp. 150–190. ISBN 978-963-502-765-1.
- ^ "Acraspis macrocarpae Bassett". Global Biodiversity Information Facility.
- ^ "Acraspis macrocarpae Bassett, 1890". Discover Life.
- ^ Weld, Lewis H. (January 2002). "Gall-inhabiting Cynipid Wasps". Proceedings of the United States National Museum. 68: 58.
- ^ Felt, Ephraim Porter (1940). Plant Galls and Gall Makers. Comstock Publishing Company, Inc., Ithaca NY – via HathiTrust Digital Library.
- ^ "Species Acraspis macrocarpae - Jewel Oak Gall Wasp". BugGuide.net.