David Lloyd Wilkie[1][2] (November 10, 1930 – September 14, 2015), known as Adam Purple, was an American activist, urban Edenist or "Guerrilla Gardener", and convicted sex offender famous in New York City for his "Garden of Eden". He went by many other names,[3][4] including "Rev. Les Ego".[5]
Adam Purple | |
|---|---|
 Adam Purple tending his Urban Garden in 1984 | |
| Born | David Lloyd Wilkie November 10, 1930 Independence, Missouri, U.S. |
| Died | September 14, 2015 (aged 84) New York City, New York, U.S. |
| Occupation | Activist |
Early life
editBorn in Independence, Missouri, to Richard and Juanita Wilkie as the middle child of seven, his father was a machinist, carpenter and blacksmith while Juanita was a seamstress, gardener and bookkeeper. In 1945, Richard was trying to put out a fire when he was electrocuted and died.[6]
Adam served in the U.S. Army and graduated with a master's degree in journalism from the University of Missouri. He taught at high schools and junior colleges in California and South Dakota.[7] Making his way east, he was a reporter for The York Gazette and Daily in York, Pennsylvania, eventually ending up in New York City in 1968.[1]
Family and move to Australia
editHe had at least four biological children and two stepchildren. With his first wife, Ann, he had two daughters, Jenean and Lenore. His second wife, Romola, had two daughters, Dorothy and Diane. A later partner, known as "Eve", gave birth to a girl, Nova Dawn. He also had a son with a later partner.
In 1964, Wilkie and his wife, Romola, and their "blended family" of four girls emigrated to Australia, by boat. They traveled on the Orsova, docking in New South Wales after a three-month voyage. Wilkie worked as an English and literature teacher. The family lived in Kurrajong Heights, near Sydney. He moved to the Haight-Ashbury area of San Francisco, California.[2][8][9]
Deportation from Australia
editWilkie was convicted of child molestation in Australia and deported in the late 1960s or early 1970s. Accounts of his eldest children published in two parts in The Villager in January 2016 detailed years of abuse, in particular sexual abuse, by their father.[2][10]
Garden of Eden
editPurple's "Garden of Eden", built by him single-handedly over five years starting in 1975, was a well-known open, community garden on Forsyth Street in the Lower East Side of Manhattan. The garden began when the city and the neighborhood were blighted with urban decay. A building was razed in 1973 on Eldridge Street behind Purple's apartment, and he decided to plant something with his companion, Eve.[6][7]
The process of clearing the lot took some time since the couple would only use hand tools. Modern machinery was considered "counter-revolutionary." He would haul manure from the horse-drawn carriages around Central Park and created a highly fertile topsoil. The garden was ready to be planted in the spring of 1975. The garden was designed around concentric circles with a yin-yang symbol in the center. As buildings were torn down on either side, Purple would add new rings to the garden, allowing it to grow.[6] By the end, it was 15,000 square feet featuring a wide range of produce, including corn, cucumbers, cherry tomatoes, asparagus, black raspberries, strawberries, and 45 trees including eight black walnuts. He regularly bicycled to Central Park to collect horse manure to use as fertilizer.[1][11]
The garden was bulldozed on January 8th, 1986. It took 75 minutes. [12]
New York City
editIn the early 1980s, the city planned to create low-income housing, but there was opposition from neighborhood activists and supporters. The Storefront for Art and Architecture created a group exhibition in 1984 to present alternative designs that would encompass the Garden of Eden into the public housing initiative. The initiative was unsuccessful.[13] In 1985, Judge Vincent L. Broderick of Federal District Court ruled that the demolition could take place.[7] The garden was demolished on January 8, 1986.[4][14][15][16] Its destruction took just 75 minutes under the large rubber tires of a scoop-equipped highway construction vehicle.[11]
After Purple's "Garden of Eden" was destroyed, his friend, artist George Bliss, painted trails of purple footprints around the Lower East Side leading to the garden's former location.[17][1] He is one of fifty subjects featured in Harvey Wang's New York, a book of photographs and brief biographies of notable or colorful New Yorkers.[18] He was interviewed by Amy Brost in 2006 for StoryCorps and, with the help of Harvey Wang, created a short film.[1]
Death
editPurple died on September 14, 2015, from a heart attack, aged 84, while bicycling across the Williamsburg Bridge.[19]
"Mr. Purple" Controversy
editMr. Purple, a rooftop bar in the Lower East Side's Hotel Indigo, cites the activist as the inspiration for its name. In the 14th floor lobby, a mural by former Fun Gallery artist Lee Quiñones features a snapshot of Adam Purple, as well as other pictures capturing the Lower East Side's formerly thriving punk-beat art and music scene.
The bar's opening in 2015 sparked outrage among the late activist's friends and followers, who say that the restaurant represents a contradiction to almost everything that the real Mr. Purple believed in and fought for. The photographer Harvey Wang, whose snapshot of Purple was featured in the mural without his permission, and New York bicycle designer and activist George Bliss were both appalled by the hotel's use of Purple's image in their marketing.[20][21]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d e Moynihan, Colin (2015-09-15). "Adam Purple, Eccentric Environmentalist and Gardener in New York, Dies at 84". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2015-09-30.
- ^ a b c Anderson, Lincoln (2015-12-31). "The dark side of Purple". The Villager. Retrieved 2016-01-24.
- ^ Copage, Eric V. (August 15, 1999). "Mr. Natural Goes Electric". The New York Times. Retrieved 2015-03-24.
- ^ a b "New York Magazine". Newyorkmetro.com. New York Media, LLC: 33. 1991-01-14. ISSN 0028-7369. Retrieved 2015-03-24.
- ^ "The New Yorker, February 4, 1991, p. 25". archives.newyorker.com. Retrieved 2015-03-24.
- ^ a b c Dirmaier, Derick (2013-07-23). "Adam Purple and His Guerilla Garden of Eden". Narratively. Retrieved 2015-10-02.
- ^ a b c McKinley, Jesse (1998-02-22). "Adam Purple's Last Stand". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2015-09-30.
- ^ Anderson, Lincoln (2016-01-21). "All Purple's daughters". The Villager. Retrieved 2016-01-24.
- ^ "The Secret Dark Side of Adam Purple is Revealed". Boweryboogie.com. 2016-01-04. Archived from the original on 2016-01-31. Retrieved 2016-01-24.
- ^ Andseron, Lincoln (21 January 2016). "All Purple's daughters". amny.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
- ^ a b Adam Purple, 22 November 2006, interviewed by Amy Brost, "Adam Purple and the Garden of Eden", Harvey Wang & Amy Brost, 2011
- ^ "From 1975-1980 Activist Adam Purple Built a Circular Urban Garden in New York that 'Knocked Down' the Surrounding Buildings". October 2015.
- ^ "Storefront for Art and Architecture | Programming: Exhibitions: Adam's House in Paradise". storefrontnews.org. Retrieved 2015-10-02.
- ^ Mendelsohn, Joyce (2009). The Lower East Side Remembered. Columbia University Press. pp. xii, 178–79.
- ^ Zukin, Sharon (2009). Naked City: The Death and Life of Authentic Urban Places. Oxford University Press. p. 202.
- ^ Katz, Sandor Ellix (2006). The revolution will not be microwaved. Chelsea Green Publishing. p. 108.
- ^ Aronowitz, Al (June 1, 2002). "The Strange Case of Max Cantor". The Blacklisted Journalist.
- ^ Harvey Wang's New York, Norton, 1990, pp. 94-95.
- ^ "Adam Purple, legendary gardener, 84, is dead; Was biking across Williamsburg Bridge". The Villager. 2015-09-15. Archived from the original on 2015-10-15. Retrieved 2015-09-16.
- ^ Greenberg, Lori (2015-11-20). "Clueless New Businesses 'PYT' and 'Mr. Purple' Pervert Lower East Side History". Bowery Boogie. Archived from the original on 30 January 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
- ^ Moynihan, Colin (2015-12-25). "Meant as Homage, Bar's Naming for Downtown Squatter Is Perceived as a Slight". The New York Times. Retrieved 21 March 2019.