Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS), also called Daichi (a Japanese word meaning "land"), was a 3810 kg Japanese satellite launched in 2006. After five years of service, the satellite lost power and ceased communication with Earth, but remains in orbit.
 ALOS model | |
| Names | Daichi ALOS |
|---|---|
| Mission type | Earth observation |
| Operator | Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) |
| COSPAR ID | 2006-002A |
| SATCAT no. | 28931 |
| Website | https://global.jaxa.jp/projects/sat/alos/index.html |
| Mission duration | 5 years (planned); 5 years, 3 months, 18 days (achieved) |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | ALOS |
| Manufacturer | NEC Toshiba Mitsubishi Electric |
| Launch mass | 3,810 kg (8,400 lb) [1] |
| Dimensions | 8.9 m × 27.4 m × 6.2 m (29 ft × 90 ft × 20 ft) |
| Power | 7 kW |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 24 January 2006, 01:33 UTC[2] |
| Rocket | H-IIA-2022 (No. 8) |
| Launch site | Tanegashima Space Center |
| Contractor | Mitsubishi |
| End of mission | |
| Disposal | Decommissioned |
| Deactivated | 12 May 2011, 10:50 UTC |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric orbit[3] |
| Regime | Sun-synchronous orbit |
| Perigee altitude | 694 km (431 mi) |
| Apogee altitude | 696 km (432 mi) |
| Inclination | 98.0° |
| Period | 98.5 minutes |
| Instruments | |
| PRISM: Panchromatic Remote-sensing Instruments for Stereo Mapping, to measure precise land elevation AVNIR-2: Advanced Visible and Near Infrared Radiometer type 2, which observes what covers land surfaces. 10-meter resolution at nadir PALSAR: Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar, which enables day-and-night and all-weather land observation | |
Launch
editALOS was launched from Tanegashima, Japan, on 24 January 2006 by H-IIA No. 8. The launch had been delayed three times by weather and sensor problems.
Mission
editThe satellite contained three sensors that were used for cartography and disaster monitoring of Asia and the Pacific Ocean. The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) initially hoped to be able to launch the successor to ALOS during 2011, but this plan did not materialize.
In 2008, it was announced that the images generated by ALOS were too blurry to be of any use for map making. Only 52 of 4,300 images of Japan could be updated based on data from ALOS.[4][5] Then, JAXA announced the problem was solved.[6]
ALOS was used to analyze several disaster sites.[7][8][9] Images of the devastated Japanese coast following the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami were among the last major contributions from ALOS.[10][11]
Decommissioning
edit
In April 2011, the satellite was found to have switched itself into power-saving mode due to deterioration of its solar arrays.[10] Technicians could no longer confirm that any power was being generated. It was suggested that meteoroids may have struck ALOS, creating the anomaly which eventually led to its shutdown.[12]
On 12 May 2011, JAXA sent a command to the satellite to power down its batteries and declared it dead in orbit.[10][13]
See also
edit
- 2006 in spaceflight
- ADEOS I, JERS-1 (predecessor spacecraft)
- ALOS-2
- Japan Coast Guard[11]
References
edit- ^ "ALOS (Advanced Land Observing Satellite) / Daichi". eoPortal.org. Retrieved 2 February 2015.
- ^ "Display: ALOS 2006-002A". NASA. 27 April 2021. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ "ALOS". N2YO. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
- ^ "Japanese satellite flops at map-making: official". 8 January 2008. Archived from the original on 20 May 2011.
- ^ "Utilization of Data Acquired by "DAICHI"" (PDF). 16 January 2008.
- ^ "陸域観測技術衛星「だいち」データの地図への利用に関する改善状況について". 9 April 2008.
- ^ "ALOS (Daichi) observes Landslide in Leyte Island, Philippines". Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. 2 March 2006.
- ^ "Continuous monitoring of landslides area caused by Iwate–Miyagi Nairiku earthquake in 2008 using ALOS images" (PDF).
- ^ "Latin America Volcano Monitoring With ALOS". Archived from the original on 28 July 2013.
- ^ a b c "Japanese Satellite Declared Dead in Orbit". SPACE.com. 12 May 2011. Retrieved 25 October 2013.
- ^ a b "Advanced Land Observing Satellite "DAICHI" (ALOS) Topics:Last thank-you message to DAICHI from Japan Coast Guard". JAXA. 20 October 2011. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
- ^ Satellite Imaging Corporation, ALOS Satellite Sensor (2.5m) Accessed 15 September 2015
- ^ "DAICHI (ALOS) Operation Completion". JAXA. 12 May 2011. Archived from the original on 18 October 2012. Retrieved 25 October 2013.
