Wikipedia

African diaspora in Finland

The African diaspora in Finland (Finnish: afrikkalaisten diaspora Suomessa) refers to the residents of Finland of full or partial African ancestry, mostly from Sub-Saharan Africa. According to Statistics Finland, the total number of people in Finland with a close African background[a] (Africans in Finland; Suomen afrikkalaiset) was 57,496 in 2020.[3]

African diaspora in Finland
Total population
At least 57,496[a]
(1.0% of the population of Finland in 2020)[b]
Regions with significant populations
Mostly in Uusimaa (Helsinki (Kallahti), Espoo, Vantaa), Turku, Vaasa and Porvoo
Languages
Numerous;

The distinct adjacent term Afro-Finns (afrosuomalaiset), also referred to as Black Finns (mustat suomalaiset),[4][5][6][7] can be used for Finns whose lineages are fully or partly in the populations of Sub-Saharan Africa ("Black Africa").[8][9] Afro-Finns have lived in Finland since the 19th century, and in 2009, according to Yle, there were an estimated 20,000 Afro-Finns in Finland.[10]

History

edit
 
Corporal Holger Sonntag in 1944

Finns reacted to the first Africans in Finland with curiosity and amazement.[11] During the 19th century, there were some Africans from the Americas who worked as servants for wealthy Russians in the Grand Duchy of Finland.[4] The first known African who received Finnish citizenship was Rosa Lemberg who came to Finland from Ovamboland in 1888 and received Finnish citizenship in 1899.[12][13]

Between the 1900s and the 1970s, the few Africans in Finland were mostly either students (for example from Nigeria and Ethiopia), political exiles from South Africa or people married to Finns.[4] In World War II (1939–1945), there were some Afro-Finnish soldiers, and among them were Private 1st Class Rudolf Prüss [fi], who served as a ski patrol leader in the Karelian Isthmus and was killed in the Winter War, and Corporal Holger Sonntag, who was of African-American and German descent and served as a driver in both the Winter War and Continuation War.[14]

In 1990, during the Somali Civil War, the first Somali refugees arrived in Finland.[15][16] After that, due to their high total fertility rate and the high number of Somali family reunifications, quota refugees and asylum seekers, they rapidly became the largest African group in Finland.[17][18] During the 2003 FIFA U-17 World Championship held in Finland, most of the Sierra Leone national under-17 football team's players defected to Finland due to their country's poor conditions after a civil war that had ended a year earlier.[19]

Nowadays most people of African ancestry come to Finland from Africa, but many have also come from the United States, Latin America and other European countries. Especially Americans and British people of African ancestry have moved to Finland, mostly through marriage.[20]

Demographics

edit
Historical population
YearPop.±%
19901,720—    
19957,831+355.3%
200011,802+50.7%
200517,793+50.8%
201029,041+63.2%
201542,689+47.0%
201646,113+8.0%
201748,749+5.7%
201851,645+5.9%
201954,450+5.4%
202057,496+5.6%
Source: Statistics Finland[3]

As of 31 December 2020, according to Statistics Finland, the total number of people in Finland with a close African background[a] is 57,496, which is 1.0% of the population of Finland.[b] 47,041 (81.8%) of them are from Sub-Saharan Africa.[c] 32,511 (56.5%) of them are men, while 24,985 (43.5%) are women.[3]

Countries of origin

edit
Origins of people with a close African background[a][3]
Country Population (1990) Population (2020)
Total 1,720 57,496
  Somalia 49 22,534
  Nigeria 89 4,150
  DR Congo 6 3,965
  Morocco 395 3,899
  Ethiopia 108 2,967
  Ghana 67 2,479
  Sudan 11 2,013
  Kenya 71 1,845
  Egypt 195 1,683
  Cameroon 4 1,641
  Algeria 210 1,437
  Eritrea 1 1,288
  The Gambia 23 1,207
  Tunisia 145 1,128
  Angola 3 678
  Tanzania 56 622
  South Africa 54 516
  Uganda 7 377
  Rwanda 2 360
  Libya 19 295
  Senegal 10 271
  Zambia 27 258
  Liberia 6 187
  Sierra Leone 20 186
  Republic of the Congo 17 172
  Ivory Coast 12 169
  Namibia 66 151
  Zimbabwe 7 143
  Guinea 4 141
  Burundi 3 140
  Togo 3 110
  Mozambique 5 68
  Mauritius 12 50
  Burkina Faso 0 33
  Mauritania 0 32
  Benin 1 29
  Niger 1 29
  Mali 3 28
  Djibouti 0 27
  Malawi 2 26
  Madagascar 0 21
  Botswana 0 18
  Gabon 0 17
  Central African Republic 0 16
  Equatorial Guinea 0 16
  South Sudan N/A[d] 16
  Cape Verde 2 14
  Guinea-Bissau 0 14
  Comoros 1 8
  Eswatini 1 8
  Chad 2 7
  Seychelles 0 7
  Lesotho 0 0
  São Tomé and Príncipe 0 0

Countries with a significant African diaspora

edit

The following countries outside Africa have a majority population of Afro-descendants (90% or more of the country's total population)[21] and, as of 31 December 2020, a total of 127 expatriates or close descendants[e] in Finland:[3]

African languages

edit
Speakers of languages of African origin[22]
Language Speakers (2020)
Total 36,150
Somali 22,794
Swahili 2,560
Amharic 1,662
Tigrinya 1,662
Kinyarwanda 1,226
Yoruba 1,044
Igbo 938
Lingala 929
Twi 670
Akan 487
Wolof 336
Kikuyu 282
Hausa 223
Fula 174
Oromo 174
Kongo 156
Luganda 137
Afrikaans 119
Ewe 118
Shona 71
Chewa 69
Kirundi 67
Afar 52
Luba-Katanga 52
Ndonga 49
Bambara 17
Zulu 16
Malagasy 11
Tswana 10
Sango 9
Northern Ndebele 8
Kwanyama 5
Kanuri 4
Southern Sotho 4
Swazi 4
Herero 3
Southern Ndebele 3
Xhosa 3
Venda 2

Distribution

edit
Ten largest populations of people with a close African background[a] by municipality[3]
No. Municipality Population (2020) %
1. Helsinki 22,138 3.4%
2. Espoo 7,737 2.6%
3. Vantaa 7,520 3.2%
4. Turku 3,370 1.7%
5. Tampere 2,319 1.0%
6. Oulu 1,689 0.8%
7. Vaasa 1,474 2.2%
8. Jyväskylä 1,023 0.7%
9. Lahti 748 0.6%
10. Kuopio 552 0.5%

In Kallahti, a neighborhood of Helsinki, 9.8% of the population consists of Africans.[23][full citation needed]

On 31 December 2020, the region with the most people with a close African background[a] was Uusimaa with 39,987 people (2.4% of the region's total population), which is 69.6% of their total population in Finland.[24]

Citizenships

edit

On 31 December 2020, there were 19,544 people who had dual citizenship of Finland and an African country.[25]

Citizens of African countries who received Finnish citizenship by year:[26]

  • 1990 – 70
  • 1991 – 101
  • 1992 – 104
  • 1993 – 67
  • 1994 – 56
  • 1995 – 81
  • 1996 – 120
  • 1997 – 180
  • 1998 – 788
  • 1999 – 1,365
  • 2000 – 522
  • 2001 – 406
  • 2002 – 419
  • 2003 – 403
  • 2004 – 426
  • 2005 – 605
  • 2006 – 658
  • 2007 – 671
  • 2008 – 891
  • 2009 – 466
  • 2010 – 368
  • 2011 – 400
  • 2012 – 1,559
  • 2013 – 1,923
  • 2014 – 1,750
  • 2015 – 1,946
  • 2016 – 2,137
  • 2017 – 2,448
  • 2018 – 1,904
  • 2019 – 1,499
  • 2020 – 1,250

People born in Africa who received Finnish citizenship by year:[27]

  • 1990 – 37
  • 1991 – 87
  • 1992 – 86
  • 1993 – 42
  • 1994 – 58
  • 1995 – 78
  • 1996 – 117
  • 1997 – 175
  • 1998 – 559
  • 1999 – 829
  • 2000 – 332
  • 2001 – 275
  • 2002 – 306
  • 2003 – 290
  • 2004 – 329
  • 2005 – 387
  • 2006 – 397
  • 2007 – 426
  • 2008 – 627
  • 2009 – 329
  • 2010 – 279
  • 2011 – 297
  • 2012 – 1,043
  • 2013 – 1,344
  • 2014 – 1,350
  • 2015 – 1,447
  • 2016 – 1,590
  • 2017 – 1,844
  • 2018 – 1,480
  • 2019 – 1,231
  • 2020 – 972

Asylum seekers

edit

1990–2013

edit

From 1990 to 2013, a total of 14,481 African citizens sought asylum in Finland, which was 22.4% out of the total of 64,536 asylum seekers. African asylum seekers by country of citizenship:

There were not asylum seekers from Cape Verde, the Comoros, São Tomé and Príncipe or Seychelles.[28]

2015–2020

edit

From January 2015 to August 2020, there were a total of 7,935 African citizens who sought asylum in Finland; 14.6% out of the total of 54,520 asylum seekers. African asylum seekers by country of citizenship:

There were not asylum seekers from Botswana, Djibouti, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, São Tomé and Príncipe or Seychelles.[29]

Adoptions

edit

From 1987 to 2019, a total of 911 people were adopted from Africa to Finland. 843 (92.5%) of them were from the countries of South Africa (508, 55.8%), Ethiopia (287, 31.5%) and Kenya (48, 5.3%).[30]

Adoptees from Africa by year:[30]

  • 1987 – 11
  • 1988 – 19
  • 1989 – 5
  • 1990 – 9
  • 1991 – 12
  • 1992 – 12
  • 1993 – 16
  • 1994 – 19
  • 1995 – 14
  • 1996 – 11
  • 1997 – 13
  • 1998 – 15
  • 1999 – 14
  • 2000 – 22
  • 2001 – 11
  • 2002 – 28
  • 2003 – 28
  • 2004 – 30
  • 2005 – 35
  • 2006 – 34
  • 2007 – 44
  • 2008 – 48
  • 2009 – 66
  • 2010 – 53
  • 2011 – 71
  • 2012 – 48
  • 2013 – 43
  • 2014 – 47
  • 2015 – 41
  • 2016 – 16
  • 2017 – 30
  • 2018 – 20
  • 2019 – 26

Marriages and cohabitation

edit

On 31 December 2020, there were 4,589 Finnish citizens who were either married to or registered as cohabiting with citizens of African countries. 2,809 (61.2%) of the Finnish citizens were women and 1,780 (38.8%) were men; for both sexes the largest groups of partners were Somalian, Moroccan and Nigerian citizens. The next largest groups for Finnish women were Gambian and Ghanaian citizens, and for Finnish men Ethiopian and Kenyan citizens.[31][32] On the same date, there were 4,725 African-born people who were either married to or registered as cohabiting with people born in Finland; 3,718 (78.7%) of the people born in Finland were women, while 1,007 (21.3%) were men.[33][34]

Afro-Finnish identity, culture and media

edit

According to an estimate in 2009 by Yle, there are 20,000 Afro-Finns in Finland, and thus, they compose a much larger ethnic minority than many other prominent large minorities in Finland, such as the Sami or Romani. The identity of Afro-Finns varies; some consider themselves Finns, while others have their own separate identity.[10] Some actively cherish their connections to Africa through their African relatives and cultures, while for others their connections to Africa are more distant but still relevant to them.[20]

In 2013, the dance performance Noir? by Sonya Lindfors [fi] became the first fully Afro-Finnish dance performance when it premiered at Zodiak – Center for New Dance [fi] in Helsinki.[35] Held annually since 2018, the Afrofinns Achievement Awards—presented by Afrofinns ry, an organization for "Finns and everyone else with African heritage living in Finland"—acknowledges, honors and celebrates the contribution of the Afro-community in Finland.[36][37][38][39] In 2020, Kelly Kalonji [fi], Miss Helsinki [fi] 2013 and celebrity, and Obi-West Utchaychukwu, the editor-in-chief of Diaspora Glitz Magazine, founded the beauty pageant The Face of African Queen for young women of African ancestry living in Finland.[40][41]

Established in 1993, the magazine SCANDI-B was targeted to Black people in the Nordic countries. Printed in Raisio, Finland, it had a circulation of 7,000 in 1993 with Lammin Sullay [fi] as the editor-in-chief.[42] In 2010, Yle broadcast the three-episode documentary television series Afro-Suomen historia ("The history of Afro-Finland") about early Afro-Finns.[6][10] The multimedia Ruskeat Tytöt [fi] ("Brown Girls") focuses on Afro-Finns and other people of colour in Finland.[43][44][45] Its six-episode Afrosuomen historiaa etsimässä ("In search of history of Afro-Finland") podcast's first episode was broadcast on Radio Helsinki [fi] in 2017.[5] The Afro-Finnish Diaspora Glitz Magazine won the category of Best Media at the 2019 Afrofinns Achievement Awards.[46]

Racism

edit
See also: Racism in Finland

During the 1952 Summer Olympics held in Helsinki, Finland, some warned Finnish women against taking an interest in "exotic" athletes and pressured Finnish women to "act appropriately" within the vicinity of black people, "neekerit".[11] The Finnish word neekeri (cognate with negro) was long considered a neutral equivalent for "negro". In 2002, the usage notes of neekeri shifted from "perceived as derogatory by some" to "generally derogatory" in the dictionary Kielitoimiston sanakirja, edited by the Institute for the Languages of Finland.[47]

Nationwide racism started to grow after the first Somali refugees arrived in Finland in the 1990s during the Somali Civil War. Finnish skinheads perpetrated attacks against Africans, and especially the city of Joensuu in eastern Finland grew to be an infamous center of racism [fi]. In the municipality of Nastola in southern Finland, the police had to protect the local refugee center from the violence of the locals, as they committed a shooting. Other incidents included a bomb that detonated in a refugee center in Valkeala, a municipality in southeast Finland, and an attack by skinheads against Somalis in Hakunila, Vantaa, in southern Finland.[6]

In the late 20th century and the 21st century, some ethnic Finnish women married to or cohabiting with younger black men have faced discrimination as they are sometimes stereotyped as sex tourists in Finnish society.[48][49][50][51][52]

According to the study "Being Black in the EU" by the Fundamental Rights Agency published in 2018, 63% of Afro-Finns in Finland had experienced racist harassment, which had appeared as offensive gestures, comments, threats or violence. This was the highest percentage of the twelve European Union member states[h] that were included in the study, much higher than for example in Malta which was 20%. 14% stated they had experienced violence in Finland due to their skin colour, which also was the highest of the participating countries, much higher than in, for example, Portugal where 2% had experienced similar violence.[53][54]

A report published in 2020 by the Non-Discrimination Ombudsman [fi] found that four out of five people with an African background had experienced racial discrimination in Finland due to their skin colour.[55]

Notable people

edit

Citizens and residents of Finland of full or partial African ancestry

edit
See also categories: Finnish people of African ancestry, Expatriates in Finland (African country subcategories) and Immigrants to Finland (African country subcategories)

Actors

edit

Artists

edit

Beauty pageant contestants

edit

Dancers

edit

Entrepreneurs

edit

Film people

edit

Journalists

edit

Musicians

edit

Politicians

edit

Scientists

edit

Sportspeople

edit
Basketball players
edit
Footballers
edit

Writers

edit

Others

edit

People of the Finnish diaspora with African ancestry

edit

This list is for notable people of African ancestry who also belong to the Finnish diaspora (i.e. Finnish emigrants and their descendants) but do not hold Finnish citizenship. Many of them maintain their ties to Finland.

Germany

edit

Sweden

edit
See also: Sweden Finns

United Kingdom

edit

United States

edit
See also: Finnish Americans

Notes

edit
  1. ^ a b c d e f I.e., according to Statistics Finland, people in Finland:
     • whose both parents are African-born,
     • or whose only known parent was born in Africa,
     • or who were born in Africa and whose parents' countries of birth are unknown.[1]
    Thus, for example, people with one Finnish parent and one African parent or people with more distant African ancestry are not included in this country-based non-ethnic figure.
    Also, African-born adoptees' backgrounds are determined by their adoptive parents, not by their biological parents.[1]
  2. ^ a b The population of Finland was 5,533,793 on 31 December 2020.[2]
  3. ^ I.e., all other African countries but Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Sudan and Tunisia.
  4. ^ South Sudan was not independent in 1990; see the number of Sudan.
  5. ^ I.e., according to Statistics Finland, people in Finland:
     • whose both parents are born in those countries,
     • or whose only known parent was born in those countries,
     • or who were born in those countries and whose parents' countries of birth are unknown.[1]
    Thus, for example, people with one Finnish parent and one parent from those countries or people with more distant ancestry from those countries are not included in this country-based non-ethnic figure.
    Also, adoptees born in those countries have their backgrounds determined by their adoptive parents, not by their biological parents.[1]
  6. ^ It is not specified in the source to what "Congo" (Kongo) refers to, but it could possibly refer to any of the following four countries: the Democratic Republic of the Congo, People's Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo or Zaire.
  7. ^ Literally "People's Democratic Republic of the Congo" in the source, but such country has never existed. It could possibly refer to the People's Republic of the Congo.
  8. ^ Austria, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Portugal, Sweden and the United Kingdom.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Ancestry; born in Finland.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df On their father's side; ethnic Finnish descent on the mother's side.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g On their mother's side; ethnic Finnish descent on the father's side.

References

edit
  1. ^ a b c d "Käsitteet ja määritelmät". Statistics Finland (in Finnish). Retrieved 11 April 2020. Syntyperä ja taustamaa ... Suomalaistaustaisia ovat myös kaikki ne henkilöt, joilla vähintään toinen vanhemmista on syntynyt Suomessa. ... Ulkomaalaistaustaisia ovat ne henkilöt, joiden molemmat vanhemmat tai ainoa tiedossa oleva vanhempi on syntynyt ulkomailla. ... Jos kummankaan vanhemman syntymävaltiosta ei ole tietoa, on taustamaa ulkomailla syntyneiden henkilöiden osalta henkilön oma syntymävaltio. ... Ulkomailta adoptoitujen lasten osalta ottovanhemmat rinnastetaan biologisiksi vanhemmiksi.
  2. ^ "11rb -- Population and change in population size by sex, 1750-2020". Statistics Finland. Archived from the original on 12 November 2021. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  3. ^ a b c d e f "11rv -- Origin and background country by sex, by municipality, 1990-2020". Statistics Finland. Archived from the original on 1 June 2022. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  4. ^ a b c "African Diaspora in Finland". Encyclopedia of Afro-European Studies. Archived from the original on 26 May 2019.
  5. ^ a b "Afrosuomen historiaa etsimässä -podcast: Keitä olemme ja onko meillä historiaa?". fi:Radio Helsinki (in Finnish). 16 June 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  6. ^ a b c Kajava, Marie (7 January 2010). "Mustan Suomen historia". Maailman Kuvalehti (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  7. ^ "Afrosuomen historiaa etsimässä, V osa: Katse tulevaisuuteen". Ruskeat Tytöt ry (in Finnish). 14 December 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  8. ^ "Lukijalta: Suomen ongelma ei ole maahanmuutto vaan rasismi". Turun Sanomat (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  9. ^ "afrosuomalainen". Institute for the Languages of Finland (in Finnish). Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  10. ^ a b c "Afro-Suomen historia". Yle (in Finnish). 9 December 2009.
  11. ^ a b "Suomen musta menneisyys". Plan International (in Finnish).
  12. ^ a b Leitzinger, Antero (22 June 2011). "Clay, Rosa Emilia (1875 - 1959)". Finnish Literature Society (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  13. ^ Rastas, Anna (19 November 2019). "Lessons to Learn from the Story of Rosa". Intertwined histories. University of Turku. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  14. ^ "Sangen tuntematon sotilas". Yle (in Finnish). Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  15. ^ "Sisällissotaa lapsena Suomeen paennut Bashe, 30, syö ruisleipää aamuisin eikä häpeile puhua somaliaa: "On rikkaus olla Suomen somali"". MTV (in Finnish). Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  16. ^ Ninnivaara, Susanna (17 November 1995). "Somalit kantavat monta taakkaa". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  17. ^ "Somali culture in Finland". Finnish Somali League. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  18. ^ "Syntyvyys vaihtelee kieliryhmittäin". City of Helsinki (in Finnish). 31 July 2019. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  19. ^ Stubin, Teemu (21 August 2013). "Sierra Leonen kadonneet pojat". Iltalehti (in Finnish). Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  20. ^ a b Elfadl, Wisam; Niittymäki, Hanna. "Afrikka Suomessa -opetusmateriaali" (PDF). Finnish Labour Museum Werstas (in Finnish). Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  21. ^ "Ethnic groups". The World Factbook. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  22. ^ "11rl -- Language according to age and sex by region, 1990-2020". Statistics Finland. Archived from the original on 17 May 2022. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  23. ^ "Kaupunkitutkimus ja -tilastot -yksikön muut julkaisut aiheesta". City of Helsinki (in Finnish).
  24. ^ "11rt -- Origin and background country according to age group and sex by region, 1990-2020". Statistics Finland. Archived from the original on 1 October 2022. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  25. ^ "11l6 -- Finnish citizens with dual nationality by age and second nationality, 2000-2020". Statistics Finland. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  26. ^ "11l3 -- Citizenships granted according to previous nationality, 1990-2020". Statistics Finland. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  27. ^ "11l5 -- Citizenships granted according to country of birth and sex, 1990-2020". Statistics Finland. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  28. ^ "TURVAPAIKANHAKIJAT 1990 - 2013". European Migration Network (in Finnish). Retrieved 7 October 2020.
  29. ^ "Asylum applications". Finnish Immigration Service. 15 September 2020. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
  30. ^ a b "11lv -- Adoptiot lapsen syntymämaan, ikäryhmän ja sukupuolen sekä adoptiotyypin mukaan, 1987-2019". Statistics Finland (in Finnish). Retrieved 7 October 2020.
  31. ^ "12ca -- Citizenship of spouses and cohabiting partners of Finnish men, 1992-2020". Statistics Finland. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  32. ^ "12cb -- Citizenship of spouses and cohabiting partners of Finnish women, 1992-2020". Statistics Finland. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  33. ^ "12cc -- Country of birth of spouses and cohabiting partners of men born in Finland, 1992-2020". Statistics Finland. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  34. ^ "12cd -- Country of birth of spouses and cohabiting partners of women born in Finland, 1992-2020". Statistics Finland. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  35. ^ Aromaa, Jonni (29 November 2013). "Afrosuomalaisten tanssiteos myi loppuun ennätysajassa". Yle (in Finnish). Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  36. ^ "Startup AfroFinns – Activating the Afro-Finnish Community in Finland from Tampere". Business Tampere. 7 March 2018. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  37. ^ "About". Afrofinns ry. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  38. ^ "Ghana wins big at first ever Afrofinns Achievement Awards in Finland". GhanaWeb. 1 December 2018. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  39. ^ Green Newball, Shirlene (21 November 2019). "Second AfroFinns Achievement Awards". Migrant Tales. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  40. ^ Koskela, Miika (21 November 2020). "Elovenalla ei pärjää maailmalla, ajattelee ensimmäisen afrosuomalaisen missikilpailun järjestäjä: "Haemme tyttöä, joka osaa ilmaista juurensa"". Yle (in Finnish). Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  41. ^ Mettänen, Heli (17 September 2020). "Tässä ovat The Face Of African Queen -missikisan finalistit". Iltalehti (in Finnish). Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  42. ^ Tukia, Anneli (18 August 1993). "Pohjoismaiden mustalle väestölle oma aikakauslehti SCANDI-B". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  43. ^ "Ruskeat Tytöt". Ruskeat Tytöt ry. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  44. ^ "Creating a Community for Brown Girls in One of the World's Whitest Countries". Vice. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  45. ^ "Ruskeat tytöt ja Otava perustavat koulutusohjelman ei-valkoisille kirjoittajille: "Halusimme purkaa näkymättömiä esteitä"". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  46. ^ "Diaspora Glitz magazine wins Best Media at Afro Finns Awards 2019". Foreigner.fi. 13 November 2019. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  47. ^ Rastas, Anna (2007). Neutraalisti rasistinen? Erään sanan politiikkaa (PDF) (in Finnish). Tampere: Tampere University Press. ISBN 978-951-44-6946-6. Retrieved 8 February 2009.
  48. ^ "Seiväsmatkojen Salaisuus". City (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  49. ^ "Tällaisia ovat vanhempien naisten seksimatkat Gambiassa – nuoret "rantapojat" tarjoavat seuraa häkellyttävän aktiivisesti". Ilta-Sanomat (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  50. ^ "Naisten seksilomat nousivat otsikoihin – koneet Suomesta Gambiaan viimeistä paikkaa myöten täynnä". Ilta-Sanomat (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  51. ^ "Kypsien naisten rantapojat". Iltalehti (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  52. ^ "Heli löysi nuoren miehen Afrikasta: "Moni ajatteli, että nyt naista huijataan"". Kotiliesi (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  53. ^ "Linnan juhliin osallistuva taiteilija Sonya Lindfors moittii perinnettä eriarvoistamisesta: "Tämä voisi olla hetki, jona mietimme suomalaisuutta uudelleen"". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish).
  54. ^ "Being Black in the EU" (PDF). Fundamental Rights Agency. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  55. ^ "Valtaosa afrikkalaistaustaisista kokee Suomessa syrjintää ihonvärinsä vuoksi, kertoo tuore selvitys – lapsillekin saatetaan huudella törkeyksiä". Yle (in Finnish). Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  56. ^ "Fathi Ahmed". Yle (in Finnish). Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  57. ^ "Kuka pelkää mustaa miestä? huusivat lapset opettajan nöyryyttämälle Fathi Ahmedille – Nyt entinen järvenpääläinen tekee surusta komiikkaa, menestyksellä". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  58. ^ Ahonen, Hannamari (10 August 2019). "Somalitaustainen Fathi Ahmed joutui lapsena tarkistamaan oksennuksessa nukkuvan äijän pulssin rappukäytävässä – nyt stand up -koomikko saa elantonsa henkilökohtaisesta huumorista". Satakunnan Kansa (in Finnish). Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  59. ^ "Victoria on uusi Salkkarit-hahmo! Näyttelijä paljastaa, että hahmon salattu puoli tulee vähitellen paljastumaan". MTV (in Finnish). Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  60. ^ "Tuoretta Salkkarit-tähteä Celin El Azizia salakuvattiin bingossa: "Tuntui ikävältä"". Iltalehti (in Finnish). Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  61. ^ "celtsu". Instagram (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  62. ^ "Salkkareihin uusi hahmo! Karin adoptiolapsi Benjamin saapuu kuvioihin". MTV (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  63. ^ "Aaron Bojang". Elonet (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  64. ^ "Interview: I Am Not Okay with This' Sofia Bryant". BriefTake. Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  65. ^ "Sofia Bryant Wiki: Facts About Rising Star | Her Age, Birthday, Parents, Ethnicity!". Celebs Closeups. Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  66. ^ "SOFIA BRYANT". Composure Magazine. Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  67. ^ "Bill Carson". Discogs. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  68. ^ "Uuden sukupolven Tuntematon sotilas lataa täysillä". MTV (in Finnish). 28 November 2007. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  69. ^ "Putouksen ennakkosuosikki Ernest Lawson: "Toivottavasti pian unohtuu, että siellä on musta mies näyttelemässä"". Me Naiset (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  70. ^ "Jakso 20". Yle (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 8 March 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  71. ^ "Tämä eksoottinen kaunotar aiheuttaa hämmennystä Salatuissa elämissä". MTV (in Finnish). 20 April 2010. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  72. ^ "Sasha Huber". Encyclopedia of Afro-European Studies. Archived from the original on 23 April 2019. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  73. ^ Silvennoinen, Rebekka (15 September 2020). "Ervin Latimer voitti Vuoden nuori suunnittelija -kilpailun hybridivaatteella, joka antaa vapauden määritellä oma sukupuolensa". Fashion Finland (in Finnish). Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  74. ^ Sommers, Sanna (15 September 2020). "Vuoden nuori suunnittelija otti mallistoonsa vaikutteita drag-kulttuurista: "Olen itsekin marginaalin marginaalissa, haluan raivata tilaa tälle kokemukselle"". Kauppalehti (in Finnish). Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  75. ^ Solja, Anni (15 August 2018). "Muotisuunnittelija Ervin Latimer haluaa avartaa käsitystä miesten muodista: "On niin paljon enemmän, mitä me voisimme pukea päälle" – katso minidokumenttisarja nuorista tyylivaikuttajista Yle Areenasta". Yle (in Finnish). Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  76. ^ "Vuoden nuori suunnittelija 2020 Ervin Latimer haluaa nostaa esiin vähemmistöjä". Aalto University (in Finnish). 16 September 2020. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  77. ^ Kartastenpää, Tero (8 February 2021). "CIA:n lähettämänä Suomeen kotiutunut kuvataiteilija ja muotoilija Howard Smith on kuollut 92-vuotiaana – "Iso menetys, todellinen ikoni"". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  78. ^ Pusa, Ari (26 November 2015). "Sofia Ruusila-Nousiaisen pitää näyttää bikinimallilta, jolla on urheilijan vartalo". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  79. ^ Virkkala, Markku (31 January 2013). "Miss Helsingin kova tie tähtiin - Syrjintä aiheutti pelkoja". Iltalehti (in Finnish). Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  80. ^ Ylimutka, Leena (28 August 2017). "Kelly Kalonji palasi vuosien jälkeen Kongoon: "Köyhyys satutti"". Iltalehti (in Finnish). Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  81. ^ Ollas, Monica (10 June 2020). "Upeat kuvat! Sinkkusulotar Kelly Kalonji täyttää vuosia: synttärisuunnitelmat muuttuivat koronan takia: "Olimme menossa Ibizalle juhlimaan!"". Seiska (in Finnish). Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  82. ^ "Helsinkiläinen Dana, 19, kisaa Miss Suomi -kruunusta – äitikin on häikäisevä kaunotar – katso yhteiskuva". Nainen.com (in Finnish). 22 May 2019. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  83. ^ "Suomea edustaneen Dana Monosen, 19, Miss Maailma -kisa päättyi pettymykseen: "Vähän harmittaa"". Iltalehti (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  84. ^ Heikkinen, Mikko-Pekka (30 September 2018). "Koreografi Sonya Lindfors voitti 30 000 euron Anti-palkinnon". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  85. ^ "Tanssiteos Noble Savage pureutuu toiseuteen ja valtarakenteisiin". All Our Children (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  86. ^ "Dokumentti naisten taistelusta". Maailman Kuvalehti (in Finnish). 8 September 2014. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  87. ^ "Jessie Chisi". Elonet (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  88. ^ "Jessie Chisi talks about "Between Rings: The Esther Phiri Story" and her hopes for Zambian cinema". African Women in Cinema Blog. 10 September 2014. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  89. ^ "Sean Ricks: Kun esikoinen syntyi, kiinnostuin juuristani". Maailman Kuvalehti (in Finnish). 9 November 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  90. ^ "Minna Salami". NigeriansTalk. Archived from the original on 26 April 2019. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  91. ^ "Suomessa syntynyt muotibloggari Minna Salami on nyt Afrikan naisten äänitorvi". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). 8 March 2016. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  92. ^ "Eric Bibb konsertoi Helsingissä". Blues-Finland (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  93. ^ Valtonen, Anni (2 December 2019). "Iduozeen veljekset: "Lapsena jaoimme kaiken, ja siksi siteemme on nyt niin vahva"". Maailman Kuvalehti (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 31 January 2021. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  94. ^ Toijonen, Siskotuulikki (23 April 2015). ""Taide saa ajattelemaan syvemmin ja suvaitsevaisemmin"". Kansan Uutiset (in Finnish). Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  95. ^ "Daco Juniorista Hyvän tahdon lähettiläs". Pohjalainen (in Finnish). 12 November 2013. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  96. ^ "Anna Abreu, Daco Junior and Michaela Moua appointed goodwill ambassadors for fight against racism". Ministry of the Interior of Finland. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  97. ^ "Michael Ekeghasi". Amazing Media Group. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  98. ^ "Eppu Normaalin balladin tunnelma muuttuu, kun sen esittää leveästi hymyilevä nigerialaismuusikko". Soundi (in Finnish). 19 September 2016. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  99. ^ Sasioglu, Mete (13 April 2015). "Iken soundi sai kypsyä rauhassa". Länsiväylä (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 9 February 2019. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  100. ^ Tuominen-Halomo, Anneli (7 March 2013). "Ääni ratkaisi: Ikenna Ikegwuonu pääsi jatkoon Voice of Finlandissa". Helsingin Uutiset (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 9 February 2019. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  101. ^ "Kingfish on Just se somali, joka haluaa murtaa ennakkoluulot rap-brändillään". Yle (in Finnish). 6 May 2016. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  102. ^ "Jesse Markin rakentaa tarinallisia lauluja". Teosto (in Finnish). 20 May 2019. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  103. ^ "RUMMY NANJI". BongoCelebrity (in Swahili). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  104. ^ "Norlan El Misionario". Yle (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  105. ^ "Pajafella graindaa ja pysyy aitona". Klangi (in Finnish). 12 October 2018. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  106. ^ "Alien Baby (@pajafella)". Instagram. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  107. ^ a b Pasanen, Anni (6 February 2021). "Isoisää etsimässä". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  108. ^ "PastoriPike keräsi nuorena mittavan rikosrekisterin Helsingin kaduilla - sitten hänestä tuli räppäri, vaatesuunnittelija ja futisvalmentaja". Iltalehti (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  109. ^ "Jacksonia täystyöllistävät uusi sinkku ja musikaalikomedia". Turun Sanomat (in Finnish). Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  110. ^ "Curly feels good..." DocPlayer.fi (in Finnish). Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  111. ^ a b "Poikabändi sai oman musiikkigenren: Tässä tulee TCT ja party-hop!". Iltalehti (in Finnish). Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  112. ^ "Cheekin kappaleella laulanut Yasmine Yamajako: "Puolet kommenteista liittyy ihonväriini"". Me Naiset (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  113. ^ "Raakel Kuukka, näyttelyjulkaisu Poikilo 2014". Issuu (in Finnish). 21 February 2015. pp. 93, 112. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  114. ^ "Suomen poliittisimmaksi räppäriksi julistettu Yeboyah ravistelee valtarakenteita: "En omi kulttuuria, koska olen suomalainen"". MTV (in Finnish). 25 August 2019. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  115. ^ "Räppäri Yeboyah julistaa uudella EP:llään olevansa luonnonlapsi ja kaurahiutalepaketin Elovena – "Tältä Suomi näyttää oikeasti"". Yle (in Finnish). 26 July 2019. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  116. ^ "Esiäitien voimalla". Ruskeat tytöt (in Finnish). Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  117. ^ "Espoolainen "Hyeena" ja vantaalainen "Valkohapsi" kamppailevat valinnasta Somalimaan presidentiksi – entiset kämppäkaverit riitautuivat valtapelissä tappouhkausten partaalle". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). 13 November 2017. Archived from the original on 13 November 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  118. ^ "SOMALILAND VOTES: An overview of the November 13 Presidential election". Goobjoog News. 9 November 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  119. ^ "Espoossa asuva Fadumo Dayib pyrkii Somalian presidentiksi – "Oletko ihan hullu", häneltä kysytään". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). 16 August 2015. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  120. ^ "Perhepolitiikkaa uudistamassa". Women Entrepreneurs of Finland (in Finnish). 16 January 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  121. ^ "Helsinkiläispäättäjä alueiden eriarvoistumisesta: "Vaatii myös uskallusta poliitikoilta"". Helsingin Uutiset (in Finnish). 20 August 2019. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  122. ^ "HARRISON, Prof. Kelsey Atangamuerimo". Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation. 24 October 2018. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  123. ^ Juhola-Puha, Hilkka (18 June 2010). "Kohti omaa päämäärää". Mediuutiset (in Finnish). Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  124. ^ "Iikka Alingué kurkottaa korkealle MM-kisoissa Tampereella – "Ennätystä pitäisi parantaa 30-40 senttiä"". Hämeen Sanomat (in Finnish). 3 July 2018. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  125. ^ "Veikkaus - yleisurheilu". Tilastopaja (in Finnish). Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  126. ^ "Tuntematon Suomen mestari". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). 10 August 2019. Archived from the original on 10 August 2019. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  127. ^ "Iso koko ja amerikkalainen jalkapallo ovat tasoittaneet Seppo Evwarayen tietä". Yle (in Finnish). 18 March 2015. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  128. ^ "Mimosa Jallow on Suomen suuri uintilupaus – nostettiin 6-vuotiaana suoraan kilparyhmään". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). 23 May 2015. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  129. ^ "Rachel Kauppila suuttui neekerinimittelystä". Ilta-Sanomat (in Finnish). 16 January 2008. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  130. ^ a b Marttinen, Mikko (15 January 2019). "Yksinhuoltaja Minna, 48, teki neljää työtä maksaakseen poikiensa jääkiekkoharrastuksen – liigadebyytti sai äidin kyyneliin". Ilta-Sanomat (in Finnish). Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  131. ^ a b Ranta, Timo (27 February 2020). "Markus on se vilkkaampi Oden – "Isoveljeen vertaaminen tuntuu välillä kiusalliselta"". Kouvolan Sanomat (in Finnish). Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  132. ^ "Saada pitää suurkisoista". Länsi-Uusimaa (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 28 September 2019. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  133. ^ "Finland's Refugees of the Year 2019 are Rand Mohamad Deeb and Nourdeen Toure". United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. 3 May 2019. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  134. ^ "Liian lyhyt koripalloilijaksi, sanoi isä – Sara Bejedi lähtee Yhdysvaltoihin opiskelemaan ja tavoittelemaan korisammattilaisen uraa". Yle (in Finnish). 17 March 2019. Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  135. ^ "Sara Bejedi". Basketball Finland (in Finnish). Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  136. ^ "SARA BEJEDI basketball profile". Eurobasket.com. Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  137. ^ "Kwamena Brace". Media Match. Archived from the original on 21 March 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  138. ^ "FAKTAT JA ARVIOT KORISLIIGAJOUKKUEISTA" (PDF). Salon Seudun Sanomat (in Finnish). Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 March 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  139. ^ "Awak Kuier lähtee PeKasta kesken kauden – "Ihan puskista tämä tuli"". Kymen Sanomat (in Finnish). 29 November 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  140. ^ "194-senttisen suomalaisen teinitytön temppu hätkäytti NBA-leirillä – valmentaja: "Häntä yritetään repiä joka paikkaan"". Ilta-Sanomat (in Finnish). 20 February 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  141. ^ ""Jonain päivänä hän voi olla maailman paras" – Awak Kuier, 17, on Suomen koripallon suurlupaus, jota voi helposti verrata Lauri Markkaseen". Yle (in Finnish). 4 October 2018. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  142. ^ "Michaela Moua". Walter ry (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  143. ^ "Maurizio Pratesi". Walter ry (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  144. ^ "Ablade, Seth". Veikkausliiga (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  145. ^ "Nouseva jalkapallotähti tekee räppiä - levy tulossa!". Iltalehti (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  146. ^ "Christian Aniche Izuchukwu". Football Association of Finland (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  147. ^ "C. Aniche". Soccerway. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  148. ^ "37. Izuchukwu Aniche". Atlantis FC (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  149. ^ Virtanen, Ari (13 June 2020). ""Minua on vaikea lokeroida"". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  150. ^ "Ilves-muistojen aarrearkusta: Tämä afrikkalainen valloitti Tampereen jo ennen taikuri Tendengiä". Tamperelainen (in Finnish). 22 July 2016. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  151. ^ "#21 Gatambiye Ngarura, Fabrice". Veikkausliiga (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  152. ^ "Meistä tulee ammattilaisia". Issuu (in Finnish). 20 August 2015. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  153. ^ "Huuhkajien Niko Hämäläinen on nähnyt karun todellisuuden USA:ssa – äiti kertoi jo lapsuudessa, kuinka toimia jos poliisit pysäyttävät". Ilta-Sanomat (in Finnish). 2 September 2020. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
  154. ^ "Segun Ikudehinbu". Football Association of Finland (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  155. ^ "Ikudehinbu, Segun". Veikkausliiga (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  156. ^ "Arsenalin Kamara sitoutui Suomen paitaan". Ilta-Sanomat (in Finnish). 5 November 2012. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  157. ^ "Interin hyökkääjä debytoi liigassa vanhaa seuraansa vastaan". Turun Sanomat (in Finnish). 19 April 2015. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  158. ^ S., Pacôme (15 August 2016). "Kévin Kouassivi-Bénissan, Togolais de naissance, international Finlandais des U17 d'adoption". Télégramme228 (in French). Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  159. ^ "Helsingin Sanomat". 27 October 2018. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
  160. ^ "Nuori maalivahtilupaus SJK:n riveihin". Seinäjoen Jalkapallokerho (in Finnish). December 2019. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
  161. ^ "Atlantis jatkosopimukseen Nnajioforin kanssa". Kymppipaikka (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  162. ^ "K. Nnajiofor". Soccerway. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  163. ^ "Okodugha, Ekhiabhi Sunday". Veikkausliiga (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  164. ^ "Ekhiabhi Sunday Okodugha". Football Association of Finland (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  165. ^ "Interview: Steve Pollack Q&A". Ghanasoccernet. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  166. ^ "Former Asante Kotoko coach among four shortlisted for Gor Mahia job". Daily Nation. Archived from the original on 9 February 2019. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  167. ^ "Maahanmuuttajat jalkapallon huipulla". Selkosanomat (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  168. ^ "Elämä kuin värikäs graffiti". City of Oulu (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  169. ^ "Superliga: Viborg-AaB 1-2". Jyllands-Posten (in Danish). 22 October 2000. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  170. ^ "Kleber Saarenpaa". footballdatabase.eu. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  171. ^ "#80 Said Ahmed, Ahmed". Veikkausliiga (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  172. ^ "M. Severino". Soccerway. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  173. ^ "MAURO SEVERINO". Football Association of Finland (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 9 November 2020. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  174. ^ "TPV:n nuori kärki Newcastlessa – kaksi ottelua, kaksi hattutemppua". Iltalehti (in Finnish). Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  175. ^ "AIK:s jättelöfte Robin Tihi valde med hjärtat och valet föll på mammas hemland – kan bli en riktig vinstlott för finländsk fotboll". Yle (in Swedish). 3 September 2020. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
  176. ^ "#14 Ugwunna, Chidozie". Veikkausliiga (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  177. ^ "Vuoden pakolaisiksi valittiin perhetyöntekijä ja asiointitulkki – "Vieraslajeiksi kutsuminen suurin kunnianloukkaus"". MTV (in Finnish). 10 September 2020. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  178. ^ Nironen, Saija (10 September 2020). ""Yksinhuoltajaäitinä voi pärjätä, oppia kielen, kasvattaa lapsia ja käydä töissä", toteaa vuoden pakolaisnainen Farhia Abdin – Kordnejad Ebrahimista vuoden pakolaismies". Yle (in Finnish). Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  179. ^ a b "Jani Toivola". City (in Finnish). 5 September 2008. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  180. ^ "BB-Akin äiti järkyttyi rasismista". Ilta-Sanomat (in Finnish). 26 September 2007. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  181. ^ "Ujuni, 30, tietää kokemuksesta, että suomalaistenkin tyttöjen sukuelimiä silvotaan: "Kyllä tyttöjä löytyisi, jos haluttaisiin löytää"". Me Naiset (in Finnish). Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  182. ^ "Yksikään tyttö ei saa lähteä Suomesta silvottavaksi, painottaa asiantuntija – "Riskiarvio pitää perustaa vain lapsen hyvinvointiin"". Yle (in Finnish). 25 November 2018. Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  183. ^ "Ympärileikkausraportin kirjoittaja Ujuni Ahmed pahastui Husu Husseinin kommentista: "kuulosti silpomisen kokeneiden vähättelyltä"". Iltalehti (in Finnish). Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  184. ^ "Sananvapauspalkittu Ujuni Ahmed: sukuelinten silpominen pitää kieltää Suomessa lailla". Voima (in Finnish). 27 February 2020. Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  185. ^ ""Meillä on KMA:n luuranko kaapissa, tai miksi sitä nyt haluaa kutsua, mutta siitä on jo niin kauan, ettei tunnu enää missään" – haastattelussa Lähiöbotox". Inferno (in Finnish). 14 September 2019. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  186. ^ "Supisuomalaiset-sarja sukeltaa kansakuntamme ytimeen – "Supisuomalainen voi olla minkä näköinen hyvänsä"". Elisa (in Finnish). 2 February 2018. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  187. ^ "Amran Mohamed Ahmed (1954 - )". Suomen kansallisbiografia (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  188. ^ "Kauppiaan rouva Minttu Kaulanen: "Ilman Sampon sekoiluja meillä ei olisi kasvavaa liikevaihtoa"". Seura (in Finnish). 23 November 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  189. ^ ""Meidän ei pitänyt muuttaa yhteen, ottaa asuntolainaa eikä tehdä lasta"". A-lehdet (in Finnish). 14 February 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  190. ^ "Nimo". MTV (in Finnish). 20 August 2014. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  191. ^ "Muslimibloggarilta hauska Suomi-video: Näihin asioihin törmää vain musta". Uusi Suomi (in Finnish). 27 August 2014. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  192. ^ "Espoolainen muslimibloggari Nytissä: Huivin riisuminen muutti kaiken". Länsiväylä (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 9 February 2019. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  193. ^ "Leyla". MTV (in Finnish). 10 September 2014. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  194. ^ "Uusi BB-asukas Leyla: "Lopetin tatuointien laskemisen kymmenen jälkeen"". Ilta-Sanomat (in Finnish). 10 September 2014. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  195. ^ Kangas, Jaana (3 June 2020). "Aktivisti Fatima Verwijnen toivoo, että George Floydin kuoleman aiheuttama keskustelu ei jää lyhyeksi ilmiöksi: "Me toivotaan, että tästä tulisi rasismin #metoo"". Yle (in Finnish). Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  196. ^ Körkkö, Hilla (8 October 2020). "Vihaajat vihaa". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  197. ^ Ojanperä, Heta (10 June 2020). "Kuka luulet olevasi, Fatima Verwijnen?". Groteski Magazine (in Finnish). Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  198. ^ "Monir och Zoran nya namn i TV-pucklaget". Dagens Nyheter (in Swedish). 14 October 1999. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
  199. ^ "Systrarna Kronlöf bryter tabun i ny serie". Allehanda (in Swedish). 22 April 2014. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  200. ^ ""Äldre feminister har plöjt vägen"". Icakuriren (in Swedish). 13 November 2015. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  201. ^ Ja, Juontajat; Inkeri, Virpi; Farzin, Ramin (14 September 2015). "Tukholma - valta, keskiaika ja ruotsalaisen hip hopin äiti". Sveriges Radio (in Finnish). Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  202. ^ Sseruwagi, Jonathan (21 March 2017). "Jasmin ja Bianca Kronlöf: Suomalaisuus on osa kokonaisuutta". Sveriges Radio (in Finnish). Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  203. ^ "At Home With Tyra Banks". Good Housekeeping. 20 August 2015. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
  204. ^ "International Metal Ladies". Femmezin Empire. Archived from the original on 19 February 2020. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  205. ^ "Dan O'Brien". FosterClub. May 2008. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  206. ^ "Denzel Wells". Texas State Bobcats. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
  207. ^ "Denzel Wells". IMDb. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
  208. ^ "Which "Top Model" Male Contestants Share an Ethnicity?". Ancestry.com. 29 December 2014. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
edit
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=African_diaspora_in_Finland&oldid=1256155438"