Agora (Ancient Greek: Ἀγορά), also called Cherronesos or Chersonesos[1][2] (Ancient Greek: Χερρόνησος, Χερσόνησος; IPA(key): /kʰer.ró.nɛː.sos/, /kʰer.só.nɛː.sos/), was an ancient Greek town in Thrace. It was situated about the middle of the narrow neck of the Thracian Chersonese (called today Gallipoli peninsula), and not far from Cardia, in what is now European Turkey.[3]
It was a colony of Athens, founded between 561 and 556 BCE,[4] and a member of the Delian League.[5] It is known for its series of tyrants in antiquity. Xerxes, when invading Greece in 480 BCE, passed through it.[6]
Its site is tentatively located near modern Bolayır, Turkey.[1][2]
Tyrants
editAccording to the Greek Historian Herodotus, Militiades the Elder was chosen by the Dolonci to be tyrant of Chersonesos. His most notable achievement was building a long wall to guard from invaders crossing the isthmus.[7] Following the death of Militiades the Elder, his maternal half brother, Stesagoras acquired power.[8]
Stesagoras only ruled for approximately three years (519 - 516 BCE), when he was struck in the head by an axe.[8] After Stesagoras' death, the Peisistratids of Athens sent Militiades the Younger, Stesagoras' brother, to mourn and honor him. After grieving for a period of time, Militiades the Younger restrained all the powerful men of the city and seized control of the area.[9] He later abandoned the area when Darius I invaded in 493 BCE.[10]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Hansen, Mogens Herman; Nielsen, Thomas Heine. An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 905. ISBN 0-19-814099-1.
- ^ a b Richard Talbert, ed. (2000). Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. Princeton University Press. p. 51, and directory notes accompanying. ISBN 978-0-691-03169-9.
- ^ Lund University. Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire.
- ^ Tsetskhladze, Gocha R. (2006). Greek Colonisation. An account of Greek Colonies and Other Settlements Overseas. Vol. 1. Leiden, Boston: Brill. pp. lxviii (Table 6). ISBN 978-90-04-12204-8.
- ^ Athenian Tribute Lists
- ^ Herodotus, The Histories, vii. 58; Stephanus of Byzantium, Etnica, s.v. "Agora"; Pseudo-Scylax, Periplus, 67 (PDF)
- ^ Herodotus. The Histories. 6.36.
- ^ a b Herodotus. The Histories. 6.38.
- ^ Herodotus. The Histories. 6.39.
- ^ Herodotus. The Histories. 6.43.
Sources
edit- Smith, William (editor); Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, "Agora", London, (1854)
40°30′49″N 26°47′11″E / 40.513545°N 26.786353°E
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Agora". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.