Al-Munakhal al-Yashkuri (Arabic: المُنَخَّل اليشكري) (died 607), whose real name was 'Amr ibn Mas'ud al-Yashkuri (عمرو بن مسعود اليشكري), was a pre-Islamic Arab poet[1] and sailor. He is known for composing the poem Fatat Al-Khedr or Fatat al-Qasr (فتاة القصر; lit. 'Lady of the Palace') and for having an affair with both the Lakhmid princess Hind bint 'Amr, daughter of the former king 'Amr ibn Hind (r. 554–569), and queen Al-Mutajarridah|al-Mutajareda, the wife of the king al-Nu'man III (r. 580–602).
Al-Munakhal | |
|---|---|
| Born | Mecca, Hejaz |
| Died | 607 CE Arabia |
| Occupation | Poet, Sailor |
| Language | Arabic |
| Nationality | Banu Yashkur tribe |
| Notable works | Fatat al-Khedr (Lady of the Palace) |
Life
editLittle is known in certainty about al-Munakhal's life.[1] He was born in the city of Mecca to the subtribe of Banu Yashkur which belongs to the larger Banu Bakr tribe. Although he died at a young age, he spent most of his life in the Lakhmid court in al-Hira. There, he pursued a secret affair with the Lakhmid queen al-Mutajareda. The scholar Ibn Qutaybah (d. 889) reports that the people of their time believe al-Munakhal was the actual father of al-Nu'man III two sons by al-Mutajareda.[2] According to Kitab al-Aghani of Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani (d. 967), al-Munakhal was one of the most handsome amongst the Arabs. And he was responsible for the famous poet al-Nabigha (d. 604) departure from the Lakhmid court of al-Nu'man III.[3] The Lakhmid king ordered al-Nabigha to describe his wife in a poem, eventually, he described her body parts in great details. Thus, her lover al-Munakhal, out of jealousy, said to the king; "No one could compose such poetry except one who had tried her!" al-Nu'man III falling for al-Munakhal's accusation, made al-Nabigha escape the court of the Lakhmid to their rivals, the Ghassanid court.[3]
Death
editThere are several stories regarding his death. For instance, the Lakhmid al-Nu'man III entered the chamber of his wife surprisingly, where he found his wife al-Mutajareda and al-Munakhal together. Henceforth, al-Numan ordered for al-Munakhal to be imprisoned and tortured, and from that day he was never seen again. Hence the Arabic proverb, "Until Munakhal shall return",[4] an expression for something that is not expected to ever happen.[5] But, Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani narrates a different story in which al-Munakhal was imprisoned and killed by the order of the king Amr ibn Hind after news reached him about the involvement of his daughter Hind in an affair with her secret lover al-Munakhal.[3]
References
edit- ^ a b Pellat, Ch (2012-04-24). "al-Munak̲h̲k̲h̲al al-Yas̲h̲kurī". Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition.
- ^ al-Dinawari. "Kitab al-Shi'r wa al-Shu'ara". al-maktaba.org. p. 392. Archived from the original on 2017-09-15. Retrieved 2021-03-05.
- ^ a b c Stetkevych, Suzanne Pinckney (2002-10-17). The Poetics of Islamic Legitimacy: Myth, Gender, and Ceremony in the Classical Arabic Ode. Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-10945-3.
- ^ Nicholson, Reynold Alleyne (2019-11-22). A Literary History of the Arabs. Good Press.
- ^ al-Maʿarrī, Abū l-ʿAlāʾ (2016-03-15). The Epistle of Forgiveness, Or: A Pardon to Enter the Garden. NYU Press. ISBN 978-1-4798-3494-5.