American Trucking Associations, Inc. v. Smith

American Trucking Associations, Inc. v. Smith, 496 U.S. 167 (1990), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that the Court's decision in American Trucking Associations, Inc. v. Scheiner did not apply retroactively.

American Trucking Associations, Inc. v. Smith
Supreme Court of the United States
Decided June 4, 1990
Full case name	American Trucking Associations, Inc. v. Smith
Citations	496 U.S. 167 (more)
Holding
The Court's decision in American Trucking Associations, Inc. v. Scheiner did not apply retroactively.
Court membership
Chief Justice William Rehnquist Associate Justices William J. Brennan Jr. · Byron White Thurgood Marshall · Harry Blackmun John P. Stevens · Sandra Day O'Connor Antonin Scalia · Anthony Kennedy
Case opinions
Majority	O'Connor
Concurrence	Scalia
Dissent	Stevens, joined by Brennan, Marshall, Blackmun

Description

In Scheiner, the Court held an Arkansas road tax unconstitutional because it violated the Commerce Clause. Afterward, the Supreme Court remanded the case to the Arkansas Supreme Court. While the case remained pending, the state of Arkansas began holding the collected taxes in escrow on the order of Circuit Justice Harry Blackmun. The Arkansas Supreme Court then reconsidered the tax in light of Scheiner and ruled it unconstitutional. However, the court declined to order refunds for taxes paid before the August escrow order, saying Scheiner could not be applied retroactively. The court nevertheless determined that the tax money paid into escrow after the August order should be refunded.

In this case, the Supreme Court allowed that decision to stand, saying that not all unforeseeable changes in the law require relitigation.

The dissent argued that foreseeability should have been irrelevant to remedying the constitutional violation. There had not been a final determination on the merits about whether the taxes should have been refunded. When the tax was held to be unconstitutional, the state supreme court simply declared that there would not be a refund of money paid before the escrow began. For the dissenters, that meant the issue could still be resolved by courts and a refund should have been on the table.

External links

• Text of American Trucking Associations, Inc. v. Smith, 496 U.S. 167 (1990) is available from: Cornell Findlaw Justia

This article incorporates written opinion of a United States federal court. As a work of the U.S. federal government, the text is in the public domain. "[T]he Court is unanimously of opinion that no reporter has or can have any copyright in the written opinions delivered by this Court." Wheaton v. Peters, 33 U.S. (8 Pet.) 591, 668 (1834)