Countess Amethé Gwendolen Marion Mackenzie von Zeppelin, born Amethé Smeaton, (1896-1969), was a British woman who married into the Zeppelin family and was known as a translator of philosophical works from German to English. She also co-translated Werner Heisenberg's Die Physik der Atomkerne into English in 1953.
Amethé von Zeppelin | |
|---|---|
| Born | Amethé Gwendolen Marion Mackenzie Smeaton 31 Jan 1896 Rangoon, Burma |
| Died | 2 Sep 1969 Vienna |
| Nationality | British |
| Occupation | Translator |
| Spouses |
|
| Parent | Donald Mackenzie Smeaton |
She was considered by the British security services to have been anti-British before the Second World War and to have made an anti-British or propaganda radio broadcast from Vienna in September 1939. Later in the war she was closely associated with members of the Von Pott Nazi espionage group in Vienna but her exact involvement in their activities, if any, is unclear.
Early life and family
editAmethé Smeaton was born in Rangoon, Burma on 13th January 1896,[1] the daughter of Donald Mackenzie Smeaton (1897-1910) and Marion H. M. Ansell.[1] Her father was a British official in Burma and later a member of Parliament for the Liberal Party.[2]
Smeaton was educated at home, and attended Girton College at the University of Cambridge for one term in 1917, before withdrawing due to ill health.[1] Based on her later translation work and her correspondence with Bertrand Russell it is likely that she studied philosophy.[3]
Smeaton married an RAF Captain, Ian H. P. McEwen[4] in 1919. He divorced her in May 1928,[5] citing Count Zeppelin as a co-respondent. Count Zeppelin was Leo Parcus, the adopted son of Count Eberhard Zeppelin, who took the name Count Leo Parcus von Zeppelin.[6][7] Smeaton and Parcus were married in Cap Martin, France, in the summer of 1929.[6][7]
Second World War
editZeppelin was considered by the British security services to have been anti-British before the outbreak of the Second World War and was believed to have made a propaganda or anti-British radio broadcast from Vienna on 21 September 1939 shortly after the outbreak of the war.[7]
During the war, she was closely associated with Lisa von Pott of the Von Pott Group of Nazi spies in Vienna in the pay of Dr Robert Wagner, an S.S. or S.D. officer, but the exact degree of Zeppelin's involvement in the spy group, if any, is unknown. A visiting card from the countess was found among the possessions of the British pro-Nazi broadcaster Susan Sweney which read, in German, "The bearer of this card also brings the bird with her. Herr FINDERS will have spoken to you about them already and will have left the cage and birdseed with you. Please give it (the bird) seed and water till to-morrow morning".[7]
She left Vienna in September 1945 as the war was drawing to a close.[7]
Career
editAll of Smeaton's translation work was published after her marriage to Count Leo Zeppelin in 1929[6] starting with Paul Frischauer's Prinz Eugen: Ein mensch und hundert Jahre Geschichte which was published in London in 1934 as Prince Eugène: A Man and a Hundred Years of History. She then translated Rudolf Carnap's, The Logical Syntax of Language (1937) and after the Second World War a number of works of a philosophical nature as well as a mathematical work and Werner Heisenberg's Nuclear Physics in 1953 with Frank Gaynor.[8]
She died on 2 September 1969.[9]
Translations
edit- Paul Frischauer, Prince Eugène: A Man and a Hundred Years of History. Victor Gollancz, London, 1934.
- Rudolf Carnap, The Logical Syntax of Language. Kegan Paul & Co., London, 1937.
- Moritz Schlick Philosophy of Nature. Philosophical Library, New York, 1949.
- Walter Schubart, Russia and Western Man. Frederick Ungar, New York, 1950.
- Bruno Freytag, Philosophical Problems of Mathematics. Philosophical Library, New York, 1951.
- Karl Kobald, Springs of Immortal Sound. Kunsterverlag Wolfrum, Vienna, 1950.
- Werner Heisenberg, Nuclear Physics Methuen, London, 1953. (With Frank Gaynor)
References
edit- ^ a b c Girton College Register 1869-1946. Cambridge: Girton College. 1946.
- ^ Smeaton, Donald Mackenzie. Who's Who. Retrieved 12 February 2020. (subscription required)
- ^ Bracers. McMaster University Library. Retrieved 12 February 2020.
- ^ Amethe G M M Smeaton England and Wales Marriage Registration Index, 1837-2005. Family Search. Retrieved 12 February 2020. (subscription required)
- ^ "Count Zeppelin Weds". Birmingham Daily Gazette -. 16 August 1929.
- ^ a b c "Count von Zeppelin and Mrs. McEwen", The Times, 15 August 1929, p. 13.
- ^ a b c d e "re the "Von Pott" group", 22 January 1946, in Susan Dorothea Mary Therese Hilton, KV 2/423, National Archives. (subscription required)
- ^ Nuclear physics. [Translated by Frank Gaynor and Amethe von Zeppelin, with the assistance of W. Wilson]. Princeton University Library. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
- ^ [ancestry.co.uk ancestry.co.uk].
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