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An-Nubūgh al-Maghribī fī al-Adab al-'Arabī

An-Nubūgh al-Maghribī fī al-adab al-ʻArabī (Arabic: النبوغ المغربي في الأدب العربي ‘Moroccan Ingenuity in Arab Literature’) is an anthology of Moroccan literature compiled by the Moroccan scholar Abdellah Guennoun and published in three volumes in 1937.[1][2]: 91–104 [3] It has been considered the first literary history of Morocco.[1]

an-Nubūgh al-Maghribī fī al-adab al-ʻArabī
AuthorAbdellah Guennoun
Original titleالنبوغ المغربي في الأدب العربي
Published1937[1] (al-Matba'a al-Mehdia [ar])

This anthology indexed and contextualized major Moroccan works of literature written in Arabic, and led to the development of a Moroccan literary canon.[4] Affirming both Morocco's contributions to Arabic literature and the long tradition of Arabic literature in Morocco, an-Nubūgh al-Maghribī was seen as a nationalist reaction to colonialism.[4]

Contents

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Volume I: Study

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Introduction

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Abdellah Guennoun introduces the book as an endeavor to trace the course of intellectual life in al-Maghrib al-Aqsa, the far west, over the centuries from the conquest of Al-Andalus in 711 led by Tariq ibn Ziyad. He writes:

هذا كتابٌ جمعنا فيه بين العلم والأدب والتاريخ والسياسة ورميْنا بذلك إلى تصوير الحياة الفكرية لوطننا المغرب وتطورها في العصور المختلفة من لدن قدوم الفاتح الأول إلى قريب من وقتنا هذا؛ فالحركة العلمية وما طرأ عليها من نشاط وفتور، في جميع العصور، مبسوطة فيه أحسن البسط. والسياسة واتجاهاتها التي كانت تتخذها بحسب طبيعة كل دولة مفصلة فيه تفصيلا ً مستوفى[1] This is a book in which we have collected from knowledge, literature, history, and politics, with the objective of imagining the intellectual life in our homeland al-Maghrib (Morocco) and its development over the various periods, from the first of the Muslim conquests until close to our time. The intellectual trends, through periods of activity and lull, through all the eras, is explained thoroughly, and politics and the directions they took according to the nature of each state are explored in detail.

Guennoun describes the neglect and disregard with which the Mashriq, the Arab East, tended to regard the literature of al-Maghrib al-Aqsa, the far west as his motivation for the project. He argued for the inclusion of Maghrebi literature in the wider Arabic literary tradition, though explicitly not asserting, in the words of Gretchen Head, "the existence of a national literary canon detached from its broader heritage."[3] Head also notes the use of the phrase waṭanina al-Maghrib ('our homeland Morocco') and places the work within a trend of textual production by intellectuals associated with the Moroccan Nationalist Movement.[3]

Study

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The section is then divided into the periods according to ruling dynasty: ʿaṣr al-futūḥ (Idrissid, lit. 'era of Islamic conquest'), ʿaṣr al-murābiṭīn (Almoravid), ʿaṣr al-muwaḥḥidīn (Almohad), ʿaṣr al-Mariniyīn (Marinid), ʿaṣr as-Saʿadiyīn (Saadi), and ʿaṣr al-ʿAlawiyīn (ʿAlawi).[3]

Volume II: Prose

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The second volume contains excerpts of prose.[3]

Volume III: Poetry

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The third volume contains excerpts of poetry.[3]

Publication

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The anthology was first published in Mohammed Daoud's al-Matba'a al-Mehdia [ar] in Tétouan in 1937.[1]

Censorship

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It was banned by the authorities of the French Protectorate, and could not be brought into the area under French colonial control, nor could it be sold, displayed, or distributed there.[5][6] Spain, however, was receptive of the work; an-Nubūgh al-Maghribī was translated into Spanish and Abdallah Guennoun was granted an honorary doctorate from a university in Madrid.[7]

Reception and critique

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Despite its censorship by French colonial authorities, an-Nubūgh al-Maghribī circulated widely in nationalist circles and was celebrated by figures such as Allal al-Fassi.[1] A letter of appreciation for the work from the German orientalist Carl Brockelmann also appeared in later editions of the anthology.[8]

Gonzalo Fernández Parrilla and Eric Calderwood, writing in 2021, note that the organization in an-Nubūgh al-Maghribī of Moroccan literature under the banners of Islam and Arabness led to striking omissions.[1] They ask:

Where do texts in languages other than Arabic fit into the history of Moroccan literature? And what can we do now with Kannūn’s concept of the waṭan (“homeland”) at a moment when Moroccan literature has become increasingly diasporic?[1]

Editions

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Fernández Parrilla, Gonzalo; Calderwood, Eric (2021-04-16). "What Is Moroccan Literature? History of an Object in Motion". Journal of Arabic Literature. 52 (1–2): 97–123. doi:10.1163/1570064x-12341421. ISSN 0085-2376.
  2. ^ Fernández Parrilla, Gonzalo (2006). La literatura marroquí contemporánea: la novela y la crítica literaria. Escuela de Traductores de Toledo. Cuenca [Spain]: Ediciones de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. ISBN 978-84-8427-336-3.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Head, Gretchen (2016). "Space, Identity, and Exile in Seventeenth-Century Morocco: The Case of Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥasan al-Yūsī". Journal of Arabic Literature. 47 (3): 231–259. ISSN 0085-2376.
  4. ^ a b Simour, Lhoussain (2016-10-21). Larbi Batma, Nass el-Ghiwane and Postcolonial Music in Morocco. McFarland. ISBN 978-1-4766-2581-2.
  5. ^ "دعوة الحق - [كتاب] النبوغ المغربي في الأدب العربي (لـ ع.ل.كنون)". www.habous.gov.ma. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
  6. ^ "النبوغ المغربي لعبد الله كنون.. موسوعة الأدب المغربي في خصوصيته وتعدده". مغرس. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
  7. ^ "الذكرى المئوية لميلاد صاحب 'النبوغ المغربي'". Belpresse | بلبريس (in Arabic). 2019-09-20. Retrieved 2020-03-30.
  8. ^ Guennoun, Abdellah. an-Nubūgh al-Maghribī fī al-adab al-ʻArabī (النبوغ المغربي في الأدب العربي, Moroccan Intellect in Arabic Literature), Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyah. 2014.
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