Anastasiou (Greek: Αναστασίου) is a Greek surname. Notable people with the surname include:
- Aglaia Anastasiou (born 1986), Greek synchronized swimmer
- Giannis Anastasiou (born 1973), Greek football player and manager
- Yannis Anastasiou (born 1973), Greek footballer
- Konstadinos Anastasiou (born 1986), Greek sprinter
- Dora Anastasiou, Cypriot beauty queen