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This family tree is about the relatives of the Islamic prophet Muhammad as a family member of the family of Hashim and the Quraysh tribe which is ‘Adnani.[1][2][3][4] According to Islamic tradition, Muhammad descends from the biblical Ishmael through the Hashem tribe.[a]
Prophet Muhammad's family tree
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| Kilab ibn Murrah | Fatimah bint Sa'd | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Zuhrah ibn Kilab (progenitor of Banu Zuhrah) maternal great-great-grandfather | Qusai ibn Kilab paternal great-great-great-grandfather | Hubba bint Hulail paternal great-great-great-grandmother | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| `Abd Manaf ibn Zuhrah maternal great-grandfather | `Abd Manaf ibn Qusai paternal great-great grandfather | Atikah bint Murrah paternal great-great-grandmother | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wahb ibn `Abd Manaf maternal grandfather | Hashim ibn 'Abd Manaf (progenitor of Banu Hashim) paternal great-grandfather | Salma bint `Amr paternal great-grandmother | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fatimah bint `Amr paternal grandmother | `Abdul-Muttalib paternal grandfather | Halah bint Wuhayb paternal step-grandmother | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aminah mother | `Abdullah father | Az-Zubayr paternal uncle | Harith paternal half-uncle | Hamza paternal half-uncle | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thuwaybah first nurse | Halimah second nurse | Abu Talib paternal uncle | `Abbas paternal half-uncle | Abu Lahab paternal half-uncle | 6 other sons and 6 daughters | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Muhammad | Khadija first wife | `Abd Allah ibn `Abbas paternal cousin | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fatima daughter | Ali paternal cousin and son-in-law family tree, descendants | Qasim son | `Abd Allah son | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Zaynab daughter | Ruqayya daughter | Uthman second cousin and son-in-law family tree | Umm Kulthum daughter | Zayd adopted son | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ali ibn Zainab grandson | Umamah bint Zainab granddaughter | `Abd Allah ibn Uthman grandson | Rayhana bint Zayd wife (disputed) | Usama ibn Zayd adoptive grandson | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Muhsin ibn Ali grandson | Hasan ibn Ali grandson | Husayn ibn Ali grandson family tree | Umm Kulthum bint Ali granddaughter | Zaynab bint Ali granddaughter | Safiyya tenth wife | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abu Bakr father-in-law family tree | Sawda second wife | Umar father-in-law family tree | Umm Salama sixth wife | Juwayriya eighth wife | Maymuna eleventh wife | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aisha third wife Family tree | Zaynab bint Khuzayma fifth wife | Hafsa fourth wife | Zaynab bint Jahsh seventh wife | Umm Habiba ninth wife | Maria al-Qibtiyya twelfth wife-Disputed | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ibrahim son | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- * indicates that the marriage order is disputed
- Note that direct lineage is marked in bold.
Genealogy
editMuhammad to Adnan
editAccording to Islamic prophetic tradition, Muhammad descended from Adnan.[7] Tradition records the genealogy from Adnan to Muhammad comprises 21 generations. The following is the list of chiefs who are said to have ruled the Hejaz and to have been the patrilineal ancestors of Muhammad.[4]His Ancestors were generally referred to by their laqabs or titles, names will be mentioned alongside each title.
- AD 570 – Muhammad
- AD 545 – Abdullah
- AD 497 – Abd al-Muttalib (Shaybah)
- AD 464 – Hashim (Amr)
- AD 439 – Abd Manaf (Al-Mugheerah)
- AD 406 – Qusayy (Zayd)
- AD 373 – Kilab (Hakeem)
- AD 340 – Murrah
- AD 307 – Ka'b
- AD 274 – Lu'ayy
- AD 241 – Ghalib
- AD 208 – Fihr
- AD 175 – Malik
- AD 142 – An-Nadr (Quraysh)[8]
- AD 109 – Kinanah (Kinana Tribe)
- AD 76 – Khuzaymah
- AD 43 – Mudrikah ('Amer)
- AD 10 – Al-Yas
- 23 BC – Mudar
- 56 BC – Nizar
- 89 BC – Ma'add
- 122 BC – Adnan
Adnan to Isma'il
editIslamic tradition and Arabic oral genetic tradition agree that the lineage from Adnan to Isma'il is lost. It is narrated that when the prophet Muhammad recited a lineage then reached 'Adnan, he said "Do not surpass Ma'add ibn 'Adnan, the Genealogists lied!" and then proceeded to recite "وَقُرُوناً بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ كَثِيراً" (And numerous generations between them; Quran 25:38[9]).[10] Nevertheless, there are records that survived, although they are deemed mere speculations by most scholars.[11]
'Adnan was the ancestor of the 'Adnani Arabs of northern, central and western Arabia and a direct descendant of Isma'il.[11] It is not confirmed how many generations are between them; however, Adnan was fairly close to him. According to the Hebrew Bible, Isma'il had twelve sons who are said to have become twelve tribal chiefs throughout the regions from Havilah to Shur (from Assyria to the border of Egypt).[12]
Genealogists differ from which son of Isma'il the main line of descent came, either his eldest son Nabeet or Al-Nabt (Nebaioth), or his second son Qidar (Kedar) was the father of the North Arabian people that controlled the region between the Persian Gulf and the Sinai Peninsula.
Ibrahim to Adam
editScholars, both Islamic and Western agree that the narrations considering Ibrahim's lineage to Adam are mythology.[10] Most of the lineage is borrowed from Hebrew tradition or Isra'iliyyat.
It is unclear how many generations are between Ibrahim and Nuh. Nuh's son Sam (Shem) is considered the ancestor of the Semitic race.[b]
Family tree linking Prophets to Shi'ite Imams
editAncestry
edit| Ancestors of Muhammad | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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See also
edit- Sayyid, an honorific title denoting people accepted as descendants of Muhammad
- Abraham's family tree
- Descent from Adnan to Muhammad
- Ahl al-Bayt
- Family tree of Ali
Notes
edit- ^ Wathilah ibn al-Asqa narrated that Muhammad said "Indeed Allah chose Isma'il from the progeny of Ibrahim, chose the Banu Kinanah over other tribes from the children of Isma'il; He chose the Banu Quraish over other tribes of Kinanah; He chose Banu Hashim over the other families of the Quraish; and He chose me from Banu Hashim."[5][6]
- ^ This list of names is based on the work of a 16th-century Syrian scholar. Alternate transliterations of the Arabic appear in parentheses. For those names that have articles, which use the most common English name, the article has been linked, but the name appears as transliterated from the Arabic.
References
edit- ^ Maqsood, Ruqaiyyah Waris. "The Prophet's Line Family No 3 – Qusayy, Hubbah, and Banu Nadr to Quraysh". Ruqaiyyah Waris Maqsood Dawah. Archived from the original on 2008-05-30. Retrieved 2013-07-01.[unreliable source?]
- ^ Ibn Hisham. The Life of the Prophet Muhammad. Vol. 1. p. 181.
- ^ Parolin, Gianluca P. (2009). Citizenship in the Arab World: Kin, Religion and Nation-State. p. 30. ISBN 978-9089640451. "The ‘arabicised or arabicising Arabs’, on the contrary, are believed to be the descendants of Ishmael through Adnan, but in this case the genealogy does not match the Biblical line exactly. The label ‘arabicised’ is due to the belief that Ishmael spoke Hebrew until he got to Mecca, where he married a Yemeni woman and learnt Arabic. Both genealogical lines go back to Sem, son of Noah, but only Adnanites can claim Abraham as their ascendant, and the lineage of Mohammed, the Seal of Prophets (khatim al-anbiya'), can therefore be traced back to Abraham. Contemporary historiography unveiled the lack of inner coherence of this genealogical system and demonstrated that it finds insufficient matching evidence; the distinction between Qahtanites and Adnanites is even believed to be a product of the Umayyad Age, when the war of factions (al-niza al-hizbi) was raging in the young Islamic Empire."
- ^ a b Hughes, Thomas Patrick (1995) [First published 1885]. A Dictionary of Islam: Being a Cyclopaedia of the Doctrines, Rites, Ceremonies, and Customs, Together With the Technical and Theological Terms, of the Muhammadan Religion. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. p. 19. ISBN 978-81-206-0672-2. Retrieved July 24, 2010.
- ^ Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj, Sahih Muslim
- ^ al-Tirmidhī, Sunan al-Tirmidhi
- ^ Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari. The History of al-Tabari. Vol. 6. p. 37.
The genealogists do not differ concerning the descent of our Prophet Muhammad as far as Ma'add b. 'Adnan.
- ^ Koenig, Harold G. (2014-01-01). "Differences and Similarities". Health and Well-Being in Islamic Societies. Springer Science+Business Media. p. 97.
The Quraysh was Nadhr, the 12th tribal generation down from Kedar, the son of Ishmael mentioned in the Bible.
- ^ Al-Furqaan 38
- ^ a b 'Uyoon Al-Ma'aarif; Al-Qudaa'i
- ^ a b Mackintosh-Smith, Tim (2019-04-30). Arabs. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-18028-2.
- ^ Kaltner, John (2017-06-15). Ishmael Instructs Isaac: An Introduction to the Qur'an for Bible Readers. Liturgical Press. ISBN 978-0-8146-8363-7.
- ^ Ibn Hisham, Rahmat-ul-lil'alameen, 2/14-17.
- ^ Firestone et al., 2001, pp. 11–12.
- ^ Hakim al-Nishaburi (ed.). Al-Mustadrak alaa al-Sahihain.
'Abd Allah ibn 'Abbas narrated Muhammad said: "Between Nuh and Adam were ten generations, all of them were upon Sharia of the truth, then they differed. So Allah sent prophets as bringers of good news and as warners."