Andrea Prader (December 23, 1919 – June 3, 2001) was a Swiss scientist, physician, and pediatric endocrinologist. He co-discovered Prader–Willi syndrome and created two physiological sex development scales, the Prader scale and the orchidometer.

Andrea Prader
Born(1919-12-23)December 23, 1919
DiedJune 3, 2001(2001-06-03) (aged 81)
NationalitySwiss
Alma materUniversity of Zurich
Occupationpediatric endocrinologist
Years active1944–1986
Employer(s)Children's Hospital Zurich
(Kinderspital, Zürich)
Known forPrader–Willi syndrome;
Andrea Prader Prize
of European Society of Pediatric Endocrinologists

Biography

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Andrea Prader was born in Samedan (Canton of Grisons - Courtry of Switzerland but lived in Zurich most of his life. He attended medical school at the University of Zurich. During his residency between 1944 and 1946, he worked under Gian Töndury in the Department of Anatomy in Zurich, and then in 1947 in the Department of Outpatient Medicine in Lausanne under Alfredo Vannotti. In 1947, he became assistant physician at the Children's Hospital in Zürich. In 1950 was the beginning of his career as pediatric endocrinologist. His advanced research brought him to the U.S. in the early 1950s; Prader specialized at the Bellevue Hospital, New York City under the guidance of L.E. Holt, Jr, son of Luther Emmett Holt. His lasting interests in endocrinology was attributed to his contacts with Lawson Wilkins.[1] Prader received his doctorate in 1957. In 1962, he became professor at the Medical faculty at the Zurich University. In 1965 the long term department chief Guido Fanconi retired and Prader succeeded him as professor and chairman of the Department of Pediatrics at the University of Zürich. He also took over the post of Director of the Children's hospital (Kinderspital) and remained in these posts until 1986.[2]

Studies

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Andrea Prader's fundamental studies were in pediatric endocrinology, however in his earlier works there are other topics in the field of pediatrics. Here are some of his works and collaborations listed in chronological order:

Prader has been involved in the discovery or description of:

International acclaim

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Between 1972 and 1974 he was member of honor and president of the Swiss Pediatric Society (Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Pädiatrie); he also held honorary memberships in the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina (1968).[11] He was Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, London, received the Medal of the University of Helsinki, the Medal of the University of Turku, the Otto Naegeli Award, the Berthold medal of the German Society of Endocrinology, and was Doctor Honoris Causa of the Tokushima University, Japan. In 1962 and 1971 he was president of the European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology.

The Andrea Prader Prize

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The Andrea Prader Prize is an annual Leadership Award, established in 1987 and given to a member of the European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology in recognition of their achievements in the field of pediatric endocrinology. At the establishment of the prize funds were provided by the Pharmacia & Upjohn, Stockholm. Currently the award is funded by Pfizer, USA.[12]

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References

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  1. ^ Beighton, Peter; Beighton, Gretha (1986). The Man Behind the Syndrome. Berlin: Springer Verlag. ISBN 978-0-387-16218-8.
  2. ^ Wiedemann, HR (1984). "Andrea Prader: on the occasion of his 65th birthday". European Journal of Pediatrics. 148 (2): 80–1. doi:10.1007/BF00445789. S2CID 34485032.
  3. ^ Rossi, Ettore; A. Prader (1948). "Die Angiokardiographie bei angeborenen Herzfehlern". Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift. 78 (43): 1054–64. PMID 18103668.
  4. ^ A. Prader, H. P. Gurtner:Das Syndrom des Pseudohermaphroditismus masculinus bei kongenitaler Nebennierenrindenhyperplasie ohne Androgenüberproduktion (adrenaler Pseudohermaphroditismus musculinus). Helvetica paediatrica acta, Basel, 1955, 10: 397–412.}
  5. ^ Guido Fanconi(pediatrician), Andrea Prader(pediatric endocrinologist), Werner Isler (pediatrician), Fritz Lüthy (neurologist), and Rudolf Siebenmann (pathologist).
  6. ^ Siemerling, E; H. G. Creutzfeldt (1923). "Bronzekrankheit und sklerosierende Encephalomyelitis (diffuse Sklerose)". Archiv für Psychiatrie. 68: 217–44. doi:10.1007/BF01835678. S2CID 1169519.
  7. ^ Addison, T (1849). "Anaemia. Disease of the supra-renal capsules". London Hospital Gazette. 43: 517–8.
  8. ^ Schilder, PF (1912). "Zur Kenntnis der sogenannten diffusen Sklerose (über Encephalitis periaxialis diffusa)". Zeitschrift für Neurologie, Berlin. 10 (1).
  9. ^ Scholz, W. (1925). "Klinische, pathologisch-anatomische und erbbiologische Untersuchungen bei familiärer, diffuser Hirnsklerose im Kindesalter (Ein Beitrag zur Lehre von den Heredodegenerationen)". Zeitschrift für Neurologie, Berlin. 99: 651–717.
  10. ^ Fanconi, G; A. Prader; W. Isler; F. Lüthy; R. Siebenmann (1963). "Morbus Addison mit Hirnsklerosse im Kindesalter. Ein hereditäres Syndrom mit X-chromosomaler Vererbung?". Helvetica Paediatrica Acta. 18: 480–501. PMID 14110277.
  11. ^ "List of all members of Leopoldina, since the foundation of the Academy in 1652; Andrea Prader's name was found on page 105 of the pdf file. site visited on 12 May 2011" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-05-19. Retrieved 2011-05-13.
  12. ^ "ESPE | Awards | Andrea Prader". www.eurospe.org. Archived from the original on 16 February 2006. Retrieved 13 January 2022.