Andriamangarira was a king from the Merina Kingdom in Madagascar. He founded the royal city of Antsahadinta in around 1725. He was the grandson of King Andriamasinavalona,[1][2][3][4] son of Rasohanamanjaka of Ambohimahamanina, one of his daughters, with a certain Andriandambozozoro, Lord of Ivatobe avaratra and Malaza in Ambodirano Imerinatsimo. The tomb of Andriamangarira, qualified as a « Pirogue grave », and his « Tranomasina » (Sacred House) according to traditions, are still visible in Antsahadinta.[5]
| Andriamangarira | |
|---|---|
 Sacred House of Andriamangarira at the royal city of Antsahadinta | |
| King of Antsahadinta | |
| Reign | 1725–1775 |
| Successor | Andriambolamena |
| Born | c. 1695 Ambohitrontsy |
| Died | Antsahadinta |
| Burial | 1775 Antsahadinta |
| Spouse | Ratoeboahangy |
| Dynasty | Andriamasinavalona |
| Father | Andriandambozozoro, Lord of Ivatobe avaratra and Malaza |
| Mother | Rasohanamanjaka |
After he died in 1775, his second son Andriambolamena succeeded him to the throne of Antsahadinta. Their descendants constitute the clan of Zanamangarira, « Zanak'Andriamasinavalona » of origin,[6][7][8][9] and their territories extend into Ankibonimerina[10] from Miadanimerina avaratra, Ambatomahabodo and Finaritra; to Vakinankaratra[11] in Isoavina, Antetezambato, Tsarafaritra, Ambatoharanana, Miadanimerina atsimo, Antamika and Ankotsaka. The whole of the territories is called Anjanamangarira.[12]
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Origin of Andriamangarira
edit| King of Antsahadinta | |
|---|---|
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| Incumbent | |
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| ANDRIAMANGARIRA | |
| Details |
This history is about events from the days of the reign of Andriamasinavalona (1675-1710) in Ankibonimerina. Being the second son of King Andriantsimitoviaminandriandehibe (1650 -1670), he had many siblings. His sister named Ravololondrenitrimo from Ambohimiakoja was the mother of:
- Andriandambozozoro of Malaza and Ivatobe avaratra;
- Andrianjakatrimo of Ivatobe atsimo;
- Razafindrahety (daughter) of Tangaina, in Ambodirano-Imerinatsimo.
According to tradition and history, Andriandambozozoro, Lord of Ivatobe, Androhibe and Ambohitrontsy married one of the daughters of Andriamasinavalona, King of Imerina.
a) Rasohanamanjaka of Ambohimahamanina, daughter of Andriamasinavalona, was the mother of:
- Andriamangarira who founded and reigned in Antsahadinta for 50 years (1725-1775);
- Andriamalama of Isoanangano;
- Ranosy (daughter) of Androhibe;
- Rabiby of Antalaho / Antanetibe;
- Andriamifonozozoro (Rafonozozoro, as Father Callet described) of Ivatobe.
b) Rangorinimerina of Ambohitrontsy, with Andriamifonozozoro, was the mother of:
- Andriamohara, King of Alasora;
- Rakotomavo or Andriambelomasina, King of Ambohimanga (1730-1770);
- Andriantoarano of Alasora;
- Ramisamanjaka of Anosiarivo;
- Andriampalimanana of Tsirangaina;
- Rahisatra and Rahira (daughters) of Manandona, Randrianizara (daughter) married Andriamborosinandriana of Ambohipoloalina and gave birth to Andrianarabo, Andriantsoanandriana and Andriankotonavalona.
Andriamangarira married Ratoeboahangy and together they had 3 children:
- Ramakilahy of Ankadinanahary;
- Andriambolamena, his successor, King of Antsahadinta for 28 years (1775-1803);
- Rahanivofotsimanjaka, who married Rabibilahy of Ambohimahamanina.
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The clan of Zanamangarira
editAndriambolamena was the second son of King Andriamangarira. Andrianampoinimerina, King of Avaradrano (Ambohimanga) and later King of United Imerina, extended his Kingdom and defeated Andrianamboatsimarofy, the last King of Imerinatsimo (Antananarivo), then defeated his successor Ramaromanompo in Anosizato and Antsahadinta. Andrianampoinimerina took the Kingdom of Antananarivo along with the fiefdom of Antsahadinta.
Andriambolamena and his family left Antsahadinta, after 28 years of reign, and founded a village not far from Antsahadinta, called Ambohitsoa; he died and he was buried there. He had many children but was succeeded as head of the clan by his son, Ramboabe Andrianjakapingarivo. He did not stay in Ambohitsoa but he founded a new village called Ampahatelo. Later, he left Ampahatelo and moved southward to a place next to Miantsoarivo (nearby Behenjy) and founded another village called Itsarahavana.
Ramboabe Andrianjakapingarivo had many children but those remembered in history are:
- Andriamontandraisoa: his eldest son, in Ampahatelo, he changed the name of the village to Miadanimerina; his descendants founded villages like Ambatomahabodo and Soaray. His son: Rainizakamanga lived in Finaritra;
- Andriampakatro: his youngest son, in Ankatsaka, settled in Isoavina-Ambohimandroso and his descendants are still there.
Their descendants constitute the Zanamangarira clan and they named their territories Anjanamangarira I (Ankibonimerina) and Anjanamangarira II (Vakinankaratra).
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References
edit- ^ Isabelle Ratsira & Misa Rakotoariseheno (1993), « Antsahadinta », Presentation booklet of the history of Antsahadinta by the Syndicat d'Initiative d'Antsahadinta, SME-BP 659- DL N°058, Antananarivo.
- ^ Georges Rabemanana (2000), « Ny Andriamasinavalona ao Miadanimerina », Personal edition - Antananarivo.
- ^ Township of Androhibe-Antsahadinta (2017), Plan Communal de Developpement (PCD) de la Commune Rurale d’Androhibe Antsahadinta 2017-2021 « La culture en tant que levier du développement » », Ministry of the Interior and Decentralization - Republic of Madagascar, Antananarivo.
- ^ Rabarijaona (1938), « Rakitry ny ela sy Généalogie mikasika ireo taranaka: Andriamasinavalona na: Andrianjakanavalondambo na: Razakalambonavalona mpanjakan'Imerina (1675 - 1710) sy Andriambahoakafovoanintany mpanjakan'Imamo », Oral tradition received in an authentic ancient manuscript from the Pastor of a christian church in Ambodirano Imerinatsimo, Ambohimahamanina.
- ^ Josélyne Ramamonjisoa (2003), « Madagascar, des paysages proteiformes », Association Malgache des Montagnes Africaines (AMMA), Antananarivo.
- ^ Lucien Paul Raharison (2012), Doctoral dissertation: « Héritage foncier, évolution du paysage agraire et de la paysannerie en Imerina (Hautes Terres Centrales de Madagascar) de la fin du XIXé siècle aux années 1990 », Departement of History - University of Antananarivo / University of Paris Diderot - Paris VII. (ISBN 978-1-6984-2722-5)
- ^ Rabenjamina (1950), « Tantaran’Andriana: Andriamangarira, Mpanjaka fahagola teo Antsahadinta sy ny Zanamangarira taranany », Imprimerie-Antananarivo 4 Bis, rue Gallieni, Antananarivo.
- ^ Thomas Rakotoarivelo & Solonavalona Andriamihaja (2014), « Andriamasinavalona, Mpanjaka tokana teto Imerina (1675 - 1710) », Personal edition - Association of the descendants of Andriamasinavalona, Antananarivo.
- ^ Jean Désiré Ranaivoson (2020), « Ny Andriamaneforalambo Zanadralambo enin-toko amin'avaradrano », Personal edition, Antananarivo.
- ^ François Callet (1908), « Tantara ny andriana eto Madagasikara (histoire des rois) », Antananarivo : Imprimerie catholique.[1]
- ^ Overseas Archives Center - 2D5-2D6 series (1895-1946), « Rapport économique de la province de Tananarive », French Republic, Aix-En-Provence.
- ^ Thomas Rakotoarivelo (2016), « Andriamangarira tao Antsahadinta sy ny Zanamangarira, Andriampakatro sy ny taranany », Personal edition, Antananarivo.