Wikipedia

Apollo 18 (album)

Apollo 18 is the fourth studio album by American alternative rock duo They Might Be Giants. It was released in 1992 through Elektra Records and was named after the cancelled Apollo 18 mission that was scheduled to have followed Apollo 17. The album was also associated with International Space Year, for which They Might Be Giants were declared the official "musical ambassadors" by NASA.

Apollo 18
Studio album by
They Might Be Giants
ReleasedMarch 24, 1992
RecordedSeptember 1991 – January 1992
StudioMagic Shop, New York City
GenreAlternative rock, indie rock, funk rock
Length42:37
LabelElektra
ProducerThey Might Be Giants
They Might Be Giants chronology
Miscellaneous T
(1991) 		Apollo 18
(1992) 		Why Does the Sun Shine?
(1993)
Singles from Apollo 18
  1. "The Statue Got Me High"
    Released: February 20, 1992
  2. "I Palindrome I"
    Released: May 7, 1992
  3. "The Guitar (The Lion Sleeps Tonight)"
    Released: July 30, 1992

The album marked the first conscious effort by John Linnell and John Flansburgh to branch out of their early sound, opting for more traditional rock rhythms and fuller arrangements. The duo adopted a backing band with live drums during the supporting tour. It was their last album recorded as a duo, and the band expanded to include a regular rhythm guitarist, bass player and saxophone player for their subsequent releases. Apollo 18 also includes the "Fingertips" suite, a series of twenty-one short songs, most under thirty seconds long. The album generated three singles, "The Statue Got Me High", "The Guitar (The Lion Sleeps Tonight)" and "I Palindrome I", although only the first charted.

The album received mostly positive reviews from music critics, with many commending the band for making music with a darker tone. However, the album was criticized for lacking a standout lead single. Commercially, the album was not as successful as Flood (1990), peaking at number 99 on the Billboard 200 and spending only six weeks on that chart. In addition, some fans were upset that Flansburgh and Linnell opted to use a backing band for the album's tour.

Recording and production

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John Flansburgh (left) and John Linnell (right), the two members of the band, produced Apollo 18 by themselves.

"Having the freedom to do the production on the entire record has been very positive. The writing and recording were our only focus for nine months. We purposely avoided session-man-mania, and let our own humble playing shine through"

— John Flansburgh on self-producing the album[1]

After the major success of Flood (1990), Elektra sought out Elvis Costello to produce Apollo 18; however, John Linnell and John Flansburgh elected to produce the album themselves as they had originally planned.[2] Prior to recording, the band upgraded many of their instruments; Flansburgh purchased a Marshall amp and Linnell bought several new saxophones.[1] The album was recorded at The Magic Shop in New York City[3] in approximately ten weeks.[1][4] Although the band recorded Apollo 18 primarily as a duo, its production is musically sparser than that of previous releases. The album's associated tour, the Don't Tread on the Cut-Up Snake World Tour 1992, was the band's first to utilize a live backing band, rather than a tape deck playing backing tracks.[5] Linnell later noted that this led to much more complicated and deliberate rehearsals.[6]

Style and composition

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The music found on Apollo 18 is slightly darker in tone and mood than the songs found on Flood.[7][8] When it came to writing songs for the album, Linnell and Flansburgh used "old standbys", such as producing harmonies through improvisation and generating melodies by sampling sounds in varying cycles.[9] However, according to the album's press release, Flansburgh and Linnell both sought to expand their horizons and incorporate new sounds and "extreme song arrangements".[1]

The album's opening track, "Dig My Grave", has been described by Parry Gettelman of the Orlando Sentinel as "an angry, fuzzed-out rocker".[8] The vocals for the track were recorded through a guitar fuzz box in order to distort them.[1] The circular "I Palindrome I" features a word-by-word palindrome in one of its verses: "'Son, I am able', she said, 'though you scare me.' 'Watch', said I. 'Beloved", I said, 'watch me scare you, though.' Said she, 'Able am I, son.'"[10] "She's Actual Size" was written by Flansburgh after he contemplated the imagery of someone viewing a departing person in a mirror; he felt that the symbolism was a "really succinct way of talking about leaving somebody behind".[11] The band later expressed disappointment with the "definitive" version featured on this album, largely because the song continued to develop as the band played it live. Flansburgh called the album version "timid" and noted that "later performance versions of [the song] have so much more spirit than the recorded version";[12] a version would later appear on the band's live album Severe Tire Damage. Although Linnell and Flansburgh usually write songs individually, "My Evil Twin" was an example of the two collaborating. Linnell wrote the musical structure of the song, rendering it as a MIDI file, and Flansburgh then wrote the melody and the lyrics.[13] "Mammal" discusses various members of the titular vertebrate class, and, according to Linnell, poetically explores the fact that "all mammals have hair at some stage in their development". In an interview with Wired magazine, Linnell revealed that most of the scientific information in the song was gathered from an encyclopedia.[14]

 
"The Statue Got Me High"
Chorus sample from "The Statue Got Me High"
Problems playing this file? See media help.

The first single released from the album was "The Statue Got Me High". The titular lyrics originally started out with the line "The apple of my eye...". but Linnell soon conceived the line that would become the title, and he was amused at the juxtaposition of a statue—something "utterly immobile and … in the past"—completely "blowing somebody's mind".[15] "Spider" is an eclectic song that was made when Flansburgh and Linnell were experimenting with a sampler. Linnell provided almost all of the voices, save for the line "must stop!", which was spoken by Flansburgh. Flansburgh himself was responsible for the bongos, horns and various sound effects.[4] The second single, "The Guitar (The Lion Sleeps Tonight)", was spawned from a jam session of the Tokens song "The Lion Sleeps Tonight". The song was also originally intended to simply be titled "The Guitar". Because of the legal ramifications of including the "Lion Sleeps Tonight" motif, Elektra required the band to add the name of the original song to the title.[16] The song features Laura Cantrell on the chorus.[4] "Dinner Bell" references Ivan Pavlov, and his experimentation in classical conditioning by using a dinner bell to cause his dog to salivate.[4][17] According to Rolling Stone, "Narrow Your Eyes" is a "touching breakup song that pays vocal tribute to The Beatles and The Four Seasons".[17] Spin magazine called the song "the most direct lyrically and simplest musically."[18] The first line of "See the Constellation"—described by Rolling Stone as "a psychedelic/New Wave potion"—references railroad tracks and was inspired by a promotional photo of an Elektra recording artist who was resting on tracks.[17][19] Flansburgh was struck by the "contrary elements of the image", and he wondered, "How relaxing can that kind of rest be unless you’ve given up on everything else?"[19]

"Fingertips" is a series of 21 short tracks ranging in duration from four to 61 seconds, totaling 4:35. Referring to these tracks, the album's liner notes include the message "the indexing of this disc is designed to complement the Shuffle Mode of modern CD players". According to John Flansburgh, listening to the album on shuffle made a collage of songs, with the short fingertips interspersed among tracks of regular length.[3][20] Arnold Aronson argued that this element made the album "a stunning declaration of post-modernism" because of its heavy use of "rupture, dissociation, and pastiche".[21] The songs were written to resemble short fragments of pop songs. The format was inspired by advertisements for collections of music, which only included samples of choruses.[22] The "Fingertips" suite features vocal cameos from Peter Stampfel, who founded The Holy Modal Rounders, and Brian Dewan, who crafted the shrine that appeared on They Might Be Giants' 1988 album Lincoln.[1] Because of a mastering error, the European and Australian issues of the CD include "Fingertips" as one continuous track, though on the US edition it is correctly split into 21 tracks.[23] (This concept of including extremely short songs on an album was later somewhat recycled for the band's 16th album, Nanobots, which contains twenty-five songs, nine of which run under one minute each.[24][25][26]) The album concludes with "Space Suit", a jazz-influenced song with synthesizer elements. The song had been written to make use of chords that Flansburgh had learned under the tutelage of Jack DeSalvo. The song originally was titled "I'll Remember 3rd Street", a nod to its "jazzy origins", but once the keyboard elements were added, the band decided to give it a name that was more "spacey".[4]

Title and packaging

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"Apollo 17 was the last lunar mission, so Apollo 18 the record is sort of a poor substitute for an actual moon launch. Cheaper for everybody. It seemed to tie together partly the idea of space but also being spaced out. Which seems silly to have as a theme for a record, but it's such a common state for me and John [Flansburgh]."

— John Linnell on selecting the album's title[27]

The title of the album references NASA's aborted Apollo 18 mission,[4] originally planned to land in the moon's Schroter's Valley in February 1972.[28] The album's cover depicts a giant squid locked in combat with a sperm whale in space, using graphics that the Johns came across while searching the NASA Archive Center for images to use in media art surrounding the album.[29] The Dial-A-Song phone number is misprinted as 718-963-6962 on the back of the album,[3] a number that would instead dial a warehouse.[5] The album liner notes and artwork for the album's singles include a number of photographs from NASA, and the packaging was designed by John Flansburgh, under the pseudonym "Rolf Conant", with Barbara Lipp.[3][30]

Promotion

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Between 1992 and 1993, Bo Orloff, the band's assistant manager, sent out various informational updates via email to the band's mailing list. These included a full track listing prior to the album's release,[31] as well as a press release and biography of the band.[1][32] The bulletins also included information on the album's associated tour.[33]

The band appeared as a musical guest on numerous talk shows to promote Apollo 18. "The Guitar (The Lion Sleeps Tonight)" and "The Statue Got Me High" were performed on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno and "I Palindrome I" on Late Night with David Letterman.[20][34] Their appearance on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno on 19 May 1992 was the television debut of They Might Be Giants' new backing band.[33]

International Space Year

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ISY logo
See also: International Space Year

The band became associated with the International Space Year (ISY), designated as 1992 by the United Nations to promote peaceful and collaborative space exploration, when Linnell and Flansburgh were searching the NASA Archive Center for appropriate photographs and visual materials for the album artwork. Staff members at the NASA facility took notice of the duo and inquired about their research. Linnell responded that they "were in this band, we're making this record, and we're going to start touring next year...They were particularly interested in that, because they said that 1992 was ISY. It was the first time we ever heard of that, but they said because we were a band going to be touring around the world in 1992 they wondered if we wanted to be spokesband for the ISY. So we said why not?"[29]

The band was soon declared the official "musical ambassadors" for the year, although, according to Linnell, it was more of an informal arrangement.[35] The band had originally planned to create short videos called "Space Minutes", which would have aired on an unspecified cable television station that was affiliated with ISY, but the plans never came to fruition.[36] In support of the designation, the ISY logo was included on the back cover of the album.[3] The band was scheduled for concerts to endorse ISY,[29] and mentioned in promotional material from NASA, which headed the celebration in the United States.[37] Commenting on the success of the designation of International Space Year, however, Linnell pointed out that he "[didn't] think most people have heard that this is International Space Year".[38]

Don't Tread on the Cut-Up Snake World Tour

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In support of Apollo 18, They Might Be Giants embarked on a tour across the United States, Europe and Asia.[39] The tour was named the "Don't Tread on the Cut-Up Snake World Tour 1992", a reference to the Gadsden flag and the "Join, or Die" cartoon, with the "world tour" affix appended by Elektra Records.[20] The band's largest tour up to that point, spanning the length of 1992, the Don't Tread on the Cut-Up Snake tour was also associated with ISY.[5] Although they were initially hesitant about using live backing musicians, it was also the first tour for which Linnell and Flansburgh were joined by a live band, consisting of a rhythm section and saxophonist.[6][9] They were encouraged to adopt the larger touring outfit by their Elektra A&R representative, Susan Drew.[2] The band also expanded to include a regular rhythm guitarist, bass player and saxophone player for their subsequent studio recordings.[40]

The band's "O Tannenbaum" single was recorded during a sound check on the tour.[41] The track would later reappear on the They Might Be Giants In...Holidayland EP, released in 2001.[42]

Promotional video

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A short video promoting Apollo 18 was produced by Elektra Records, in the vein of the previous Flood promo.[2] In the video, graphic and video illustrations of certain songs are presented, in addition to samples of some of the songs. The video is arranged to resemble a traditional slide show presentation. The video also introduced the concept of the three "Power Spheres",[43] from which the compilation album A User's Guide to They Might Be Giants: Melody, Fidelity, Quantity (2005) would take its subtitle.[43][44]

Reception

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Critical reception

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Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic     [45]
Chicago Tribune    [46]
Entertainment WeeklyB+[47]
Q     [48]
Rolling Stone     [49]
The Village VoiceA−[50]

Apollo 18 garnered positive reviews from critics. Writing for AllMusic, Stephen Thomas Erlewine gave the album 4 out of 5 stars and stated that it was more "consistent" than predecessors, making note of its darker tone. However, Erlewine also felt that the album was "lacking a standout single".[45] Robert Christgau, who assigned the album an A−, praised the first five tracks especially, asserting that the remaining 33 were more experimental in nature. Christgau acclaimed the album's melodic attributes while stating that the lyrics were pleasant but "meaningless".[50] Ira Robbins, reviewing for Rolling Stone, gave Apollo 18 4 out of 5 stars. Similar to Christgau, Robbins called the lyrics "whimsy" and said that they were not too complex to weigh down melodies. Robbins also praised the album's eclecticism, observing that "'Turn Around' mimics Forties swing; the funky bass groove of 'The Guitar' interpolates a rewrite of 'The Lion Sleeps Tonight', fetchingly sung by Laura Cantrell. Another wry science lesson, 'See the Constellation', mixes a psychedelic/New Wave potion for a bouncy space trip." Robbins was critical of the disorganized "Fingertips" selections.[49] A review by Craig Tomashoff, published in People, lauded the variety found in "Fingertips". Tomashoff also made note of the wide vocabulary employed in the lyrics (citing, specifically, "Turn Around" and "I Palindrome I"), concluding that the album was "totally cool".[51]

Consumer response

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On April 11, 1992, Apollo 18 peaked at number 99 on the Billboard 200. It spent six weeks on that chart.[52] "The Statue Got Me High", the first single from the album, peaked at number 24 on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart on March 21, 1992, and spent eight weeks on the chart.[53] The album's other singles failed to chart.

Apollo 18 debuted on the Australian ARIA albums chart at number 60 on April 26, 1992, before peaking at number 59 the following week; it spent 6 weeks in the top 100.[54]

Although Apollo 18 received a positive response from consumers and critics, some fans were upset that the duo of Linnell and Flansburgh had been augmented to include a full band for the album's tour. In rebuttal, some fans stopped attending live concerts, even taking the aggressive approach of trying to discourage others from entering venues for shows.[2] Despite these reactions, the live band was generally well received. In The New York Times review of a contemporaneous live show, Jon Pareles observed that the band was "just as tricky as ever", and still delighted its audience.[55] They Might Be Giants continues to record and tour with a full backing band.[56]

Track listing

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All tracks are written by They Might Be Giants, except where noted

No.TitleLength
1."Dig My Grave"1:08
2."I Palindrome I"2:25
3."She's Actual Size"2:05
4."My Evil Twin"2:37
5."Mammal"2:14
6."The Statue Got Me High"3:06
7."Spider"0:50
8."The Guitar (The Lion Sleeps Tonight)" (They Might Be Giants, Solomon Linda, Hugo Peretti, Luigi Creatore, George David Weiss)3:49
9."Dinner Bell"2:11
10."Narrow Your Eyes"2:46
11."Hall of Heads"2:53
12."Which Describes How You're Feeling"1:13
13."See the Constellation"3:27
14."If I Wasn't Shy"1:43
15."Turn Around"2:53
16."Hypnotist of Ladies"1:42
17."Fingertips 1: Everything's Catching on Fire"0:12
18."Fingertips 2: Fingertips"0:06
19."Fingertips 3: I Hear the Wind Blow"0:10
20."Fingertips 4: Hey Now Everybody"0:05
21."Fingertips 5: Who's That Standing out My Window?"0:06
22."Fingertips 6: I Found a New Friend"0:07
23."Fingertips 7: Come on and Wreck My Car"0:12
24."Fingertips 8: Aren't You the Guy Who Hit Me in the Eye?"0:07
25."Fingertips 9: Please Pass the Milk"0:08
26."Fingertips 10: Leave Me Alone"0:05
27."Fingertips 11: Who's Knocking on the Wall?"0:04
28."Fingertips 12: All Alone"0:05
29."Fingertips 13: What's That Blue Thing Doing Here?"0:08
30."Fingertips 14: Something Grabbed Ahold of My Hand"0:12
31."Fingertips 15: I Don't Understand You"0:27
32."Fingertips 16: I Heard a Sound"0:04
33."Fingertips 17: Mysterious Whisper"0:28
34."Fingertips 18: The Day That Love Came to Play"0:08
35."Fingertips 19: I'm Having a Heart Attack"0:22
36."Fingertips 20: Fingertips"0:10
37."Fingertips 21: I Walk Along Darkened Corridors"1:01
38."Space Suit"1:36
Total length:42:37

Notes

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Tracks 17 to 37 are listed as a single entry (track 17), "Fingertips"; however, "Space Suit" is given as track 38 on the CD track listing. The titles for "Fingertips" given above are taken from the first lines provided in the liner notes.[3]

Personnel

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Chart performance

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Album

Chart performance for Apollo 18
Chart (1992) Peak
position
Australian Albums (ARIA)[54] 59
US Billboard 200[57] 99

Singles

Chart performance for singles from Apollo 18
Year Single Chart Peak
position
1992 "The Statue Got Me High" Billboard Modern Rock Tracks[53] 24

Release history

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Apollo 18 was released on CD and cassette in the United States, Australia, and Canada and on CD, LP and cassette formats in European markets by Elektra Records. In 2013, a two-part CD compilation collected Apollo 18 and some contemporary B-sides along with the band's other Elektra studio albums and surrounding material.[58] The album was also released on LP in the United States and Canada by Asbestos Records in 2014 as part of a series of LP reissues spanning They Might Be Giants' period on the Elektra label.[59][60]

Region Date Label Format Catalog
Europe March 20, 1992 WEA / Elektra Records LP 7559-61257-1
CD 7559-61257-2
Cassette 7559-61257-3
United States March 24, 1992 Elektra Records CD 61257-2
Cassette 61257-4
Canada CD CD 61257
Cassette 96 12574
Japan April 10, 1992 WEA / Elektra Records CD WMC5-482
Israel 1992 Cassette 7559-61257-4
Australia CD 7559-61257-2
Cassette 7559-61257-4
United States and Canada April 2014 Asbestos Records LP ASB089

References

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Footnotes

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g Orloff, Bo, ed. (February 7, 1992). "TMBG Online Information Bulletin 1.1". TMBG Information Bulletins. TMBG Info Club.
  2. ^ a b c d Gigantic (A Tale Of Two Johns). Dir. AJ Schnack. 2002. Plexifilm, 2003.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Flansburgh, John; Linnell, John (1992). Apollo 18 (album liner notes). Elektra Records.
  4. ^ a b c d e f "Q&A – Apollo 18". TMBG.com. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  5. ^ a b c Orloff, Bo, ed. (1992). "They Might Be Giants Summer 1992". TMBG Information Bulletins. TMBG Info Club.
  6. ^ a b Linnell, John (August 1992). "The Weird and the Wired". Night Sites & Sounds (Interview). Interviewed by Arthur Durkee.
  7. ^ Bogdanov, Woodstra, and Erlewine 2002, p. 1132.
  8. ^ a b Gettelman, Perry (April 3, 1992). "Proud to Be Alternative Rockers". Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved January 7, 2015. (subscription required)
  9. ^ a b Linnell, John (May 1992). "They Might Be Twisted". Interview by Tom Cornell. The Music Revue.
  10. ^ Kick 2004.
  11. ^ "They Might Be Giants Interview". XS Magazine. April 1, 1992.
  12. ^ Gajarsky, Bob (1994). "They Might Be Giants". Consumable Online. Archived from the original on January 7, 2015. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  13. ^ DeMain 2004, p. 163.
  14. ^ Heater, Brian (March 4, 2013). "'Particle Man' to 'Nanobots'". Wired. Condé Nast. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  15. ^ DeMain 2004, p. 168.
  16. ^ Direct from Brooklyn (DVD). Restless Records. 2003.
  17. ^ a b c Robbins, Ira (April 30, 1992). "Apollo 18 They Might Be Giants". Rolling Stone. No. 629. p. 57. Retrieved January 7, 2015. (subscription required)
  18. ^ Greer, Jim (April 1992). "They Might Be Giants Apollo 18". Spin. 8 (1). Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  19. ^ a b Flansburgh, John (November 2014). "[On the opening of 'See the Constellation']". Tumblr. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  20. ^ a b c Flansburgh, John and John Linnell (1992). Interview by Jay Leno. The Tonight Show with Jay Leno.
  21. ^ Aronson 2005, p. 44.
  22. ^ Flansburgh, John, and John Linnell (1994). "John and John Answer Your Questions – Fall". TMBG Information Bulletins. TMBG Info Club.
  23. ^ Flansburgh, John, and John Linnell (1994). "John and John Answer Your Questions – Spring". TMBG Info Club.
  24. ^ "They Might Be Giants Bio". Girlie Action. February 2013. Archived from the original on January 15, 2013. Retrieved February 12, 2013.
  25. ^ Phares, Heather (March 5, 2013). "Nanobots". AllMusic. Retrieved March 13, 2013.
  26. ^ Arroyo, Steven (March 5, 2013). "Album Review: They Might Be Giants – Nanobots". Consequence of Sound. Retrieved March 13, 2013.
  27. ^ Schlosberg, Karen (March 20, 1992). "Giant Steps: Apollo 18 Goes Where No Band Have Gone Before". The Boston Phoenix.
  28. ^ Williams, David R "Apollo 18 through 20 – The Canceled Missions". NASA. Retrieved July 19, 2006.
  29. ^ a b c Jackson, Joab (May 1992). "How They Might Be Giants Became the House Band for NASA". New Route.
  30. ^ Flansburgh, John; Linnell, John (1992). The Statue Got Me High (single liner notes). Elektra Records.
  31. ^ Orloff, Bo, ed. (February 7, 1992). "TMBG Online Information Bulletin 1.0". TMBG Information Bulletins. TMBG Info Club.
  32. ^ Orloff, Bo, ed. (February 7, 1992). "TMBG Online Information Bulletin 1.2". TMBG Information Bulletins. TMBG Info Club.
  33. ^ a b Orloff, Bo, ed. (May 19, 1992). "TMBG Online Information Bulletin 2.1". TMBG Information Bulletins. TMBG Info Club.
  34. ^ "They Might Be Giants – I Palindrome I – Live May 1992". YouTube. October 3, 2008. Archived from the original on 2011-03-30. Retrieved November 25, 2012.
  35. ^ Bresnick, Adam (May 1992). "They Might Be Giants". Creem.
  36. ^ "They Might Be Giants Interview". No. 6. Throwrug. 1992. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  37. ^ Sindelar, Terri (January 24, 1992). "President Bush Launches International Space Year" (Press release). Washington, DC: NASA. Archived from the original on 2015-12-13. Retrieved December 3, 2012.
  38. ^ Rumpus. October 1992.
  39. ^ Orloff, Bo, ed. (1992). They Might Be Giants Fall 1992". TMBG Information Bulletins.
  40. ^ Santo, Jim (November 1994). "Beat the Machine". The Music Paper.
  41. ^ Feinberg, Jonathan. "JDF Discography". Retrieved December 9, 2012.
  42. ^ Flansburgh, John (December 19, 2001). "They Might Be Elves". Seattle Weekly (Interview). Interviewed by Kurt B. Reighley. Village Voice Media. Archived from the original on January 7, 2015. Retrieved December 8, 2012.
  43. ^ a b Apollo 18 Retail Promo (VHS promo). Elektra Records. January 30, 1992.
  44. ^ Flansburgh, John; Linnell, John (2005). A User's Guide to They Might Be Giants (album liner notes). Rhino Records.
  45. ^ a b Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Apollo 18 – They Might Be Giants". AllMusic. Retrieved December 3, 2012.
  46. ^ Kot, Greg (April 9, 1992). "They Might Be Giants: Apollo 18 (Elektra)". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved September 4, 2016.
  47. ^ Arnold, Gina (March 27, 1992). "Apollo 18". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on January 7, 2015. Retrieved March 29, 2013.
  48. ^ "They Might Be Giants: Apollo 18". Q (67): 83. April 1992.
  49. ^ a b Robbins, Ira (April 30, 1992). "They Might Be Giants: Apollo 18". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on December 1, 2007. Retrieved March 12, 2012.
  50. ^ a b Christgau, Robert (March 9, 1993). "Consumer Guide". The Village Voice. Retrieved September 4, 2016.
  51. ^ Tomashoff, Craig (April 1992). "Apollo 18". People.
  52. ^ "Artists / They Might Be Giants – Chart History". Billboard.com. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  53. ^ a b Billboard Single Chart History for They Might Be Giants. Billboard. Retrieved September 10, 2012.
  54. ^ a b Ryan, Gavin (2011). Australia's Music Charts 1988–2010 (PDF ed.). Mt Martha, Victoria, Australia: Moonlight Publishing. p. 277.
  55. ^ Pareles, Jon (August 11, 1992). "Wily Rock With Polka Just Below The Surface". The New York Times. Retrieved November 25, 2012.
  56. ^ Condran, Ed (February 12, 2012). "Bigger Isn't Better for Pop-Rock Duo". The Tampa Tribune.
  57. ^ "They Might Be Giants Chart History (Billboard 200)". Billboard.
  58. ^ Sinclair, Paul (November 6, 2013). "They Might Be Giants/Elektra album 2CD reissues, including Flood". Super Deluxe Edition. Retrieved November 21, 2013.
  59. ^ "Asbestos Record – They Might Be Giants – Apollo 18 LP". BigCartel. Retrieved January 8, 2015.
  60. ^ "Asbestos Records to Reissue They Might Be Giants Back Catalog on Vinyl". Punknews.org. March 5, 2011. Retrieved January 8, 2015.

Bibliography

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