Bilateral diplomatic relations exist between Armenia and Turkmenistan. Armenia has an embassy in Ashgabat. Turkmenistan has an embassy in Yerevan.
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 Turkmenistan |
 Armenia |
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History
editIn the 19th century, both nations shared a similar fate, with Eastern Armenia and Turkmen lands conquered by the Russian Empire. According to the 1897 census, there were 4,256 Armenians in the four southern uezds of the Transcaspian Oblast, roughly corresponding to present-day Turkmenistan.[1]
In 1990, following the Baku pogrom of Armenians, Saparmurat Niyazov received several ferries with Armenian refugees in Krasnovodsk.[2] Subsequently, the Baku Armenians were scattered across Turkmenistan.[3] Diplomatic relations were established on 9 October 1992. Armenia has had an embassy in Ashgabat since July 1994.[4] During the visit of President Sargsyan in early October 2014, the opening of Days of Culture of Armenia in Turkmenistan at the tourist zone of Awaza on the Caspian Sea coast.[5]
Cultural relations
editCurrently, there are about 25,000-30,000 Armenians living in Turkmenistan, with the most significant portion living in Ashgabat (around 15,000), Türkmenbaşy (around 5,000-6,000), and Mary (around 5,000-6,000). Others live in cities like Balkanabat, in Turkmenabat, and in Tejen. Armenians living in Turkmenistan mainly speak the Karabakh or Syunik dialects of the Armenian language, with most of them also being fluent in the Turkmen and Russian languages. One of the three Armenian Sunday schools in Turkmenistan, operates under the supervision of the Embassy of Armenia, with the other two being founded with the support of the Ministry of Diaspora Affairs. In 2014, an Armenian class was opened in Elotan, ceasing to operate by 2017. The only Armenian cultural cite in Turkmenistan is the now non-operational Church of Turkmenbashi, built in 1903.[6]
Economic cooperation
editTurkmen gas is delivered to Armenia via the territory of Iran.[7] The issue of the construction of the Armenia-Iran gas pipeline was settled in 2004, with gas flowing through a 141 km long pipeline costing 120 million dollars.[8]
State visits between nations
editPresidential visits from Armenia to Turkmenistan
edit- President Levon Ter-Petrosyan (1993)
- President Levon Ter-Peterosyan (1997)
- President Robert Kocharyan (2001)
- Minister of Foreign Affairs Eduard Nalbandyan (2009)
- President Serzh Sargsyan (2010)[9]
- President Serzh Sargsyan (2014)[10]
- Prime Minister Karen Karapetyan (2017)[11][12][13]
- President Serzh Sargsyan (2017)[14]
Presidential visits from Turkmenistan to Armenia
edit- President Saparmurat Niyazov (2001)
- President Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow (2012)
- President Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow (2017)[15]
Ambassadors of both nations
editAmbassadors of Turkmenistan to Armenia
edit- Toili Kurbanov (2000-2003)
- Khadyr Saparlyev (2005-2007)
- Shohrat Jumaev (2007-2010)
- Ata Serdarov (2010-2013)
- Kurbannazar Nazarov (2013-2015)[16]
- Muhammadniyaz Mashalov (2015–present)[17]
Ambassadors of Armenia to Turkmenistan
edit- Aram Grigoryan (1994-2008)
- Vladimir Badalyan (2008–present)[18]
Resident diplomatic missions
editSee also
editReferences
edit- ^ Первая Всеобщая перепись населения Российской империи, 1897 г. (in Russian). Vol. LXXXII. 1904. pp. 54–55.
- ^ Кризис в Нагорном Карабахе: как реагируют Астана и Ашхабад | Важнейшие политические события в Центральной Азии: оценки, прогнозы, комментарии | DW.COM | 08.04.2016
- ^ Том де Ваал. Чёрный Сад. Глава 6. 1988—1990 гг. Азербайджанская трагедия
- ^ "Since July 1994 the Embassy of RA operates in Turkmenistan". Archived from the original on 2017-08-20.
- ^ "Presidents of Turkmenistan and Armenia attend various events in tourist zone Avaza | Turkmenistan.ru". www.turkmenistan.ru. Retrieved 2021-02-19.
- ^ "Diaspora - Turkmenistan". diaspora.gov.am. Retrieved 2021-02-18.
- ^ "Armenia hopes for Turkmen gas | Turkmenistan.ru". www.turkmenistan.ru. Retrieved 2021-02-19.
- ^ "ARMENIA HOPES TO SIGN GAS AGREEMENT WITH TURKMENISTAN | Turkmenistan.ru". www.turkmenistan.ru. Retrieved 2021-02-19.
- ^ "Issues on expansion of Armenian-Turkmen relations discussed". armenpress.am. Retrieved 2017-08-20.
- ^ "Armenian-Turkmen High-Level Negotiations Were Conducted in Ashgabat - Press releases - Updates - The President of Armenia". www.president.am. Retrieved 2017-08-20.
- ^ "Armenian-Turkmen economic ties discussed in Ashkhabad". Public Radio of Armenia. 2017-03-28. Retrieved 2017-08-20.
- ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkmenistan". www.mfa.gov.tm. Retrieved 2017-08-20.
- ^ "Armenia's Prime Minister and Turkmenistan's President discuss economic cooperation in Ashgabat | Artsakhpress.am | Independent information agency of Artsakh". artsakhpress.am. Retrieved 2017-08-20.
- ^ "President Serzh Sargsyan attends opening of 5th Asian Games in Turkmenistan - Foreign visits - Updates - The President of Armenia". www.president.am. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ "Official welcoming ceremony for Turkmen President held at Presidential Palace - Press releases - Updates - The President of Armenia". www.president.am. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ "Ambassador of Turkmenistan to Armenia presents his credentials | Turkmenistan.ru". www.turkmenistan.ru. Retrieved 2021-02-19.
- ^ "Since 1 April 2015 the Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Ambassador of Turkmenistan to Armenia is Mukhamedniaz Mashalov". Archived from the original on 20 August 2017.
- ^ "Since September 2008 the Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Ambassador of RA to Turkmenistan is Vladimir Badalyan". Archived from the original on 2017-08-20.
