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Arnouph Louis Joseph Deshayes de Cambronne (or Arnould or Arnoult) (b. March 26, 1768 in Crépy-en-Valois, Oise, d. 1846) was the major adjudant of the National Guard (France) at the Château de Compiègne.
Early life
editHe was christened in the church of Saint-Denis en Crépy in 1768. His grand father Alexandre Deshayes comes from Wiège-Faty and his father, Joseph-Abraham Deshayes (1728, Guise – 1795, Orrouy), both directors of insinuations of the Apanage of Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans and Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans. His mother is Cécile-Louise-Marguerite Doyen (1738–1815). He married Rosalie-Zélie de Hémant (1781–) on January 20, 1806. She was the daughter of a master of the Cour des comptes.[1] He is the brother of Nicolas Alexandre Joseph Deshayes de Merville (1760–1816) who married Bonne Victoire Randon (1767–1824) in 1788.
Career
editHe fought in 1792 next to baron Félix Le Peletier d'Aunay during the battle of Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé. They fought in the Company of Count du Comte de Laurétan to reach the Siege of Maastricht by the French revolutionary army directed by Francisco de Miranda, under the orders of Jean Thérèse de Beaumont d'Autichamp.
He was a volunteer in the Hussards of Hompesch commander by the Beaurepaire de Louvagny family in 1794, directed by the English before its settlement in Hanover in 1795. He joined the commandment of Franz-Simon Pfaff von Pfaffenhofen, Tyrol who made him an officer.
During the Bourbon Restoration, from February 15, 1815 to 1826, he became adjudant of the Château de Compiègne for the ultraroyalists. They were managed by Mathieu de Montmorency, minister of Foreign affairs (1821–1822) of the government of Joseph de Villèle and Durand Borel de Brétizel, with the agreement of the king, under the direction of the Count of Eugène François Léon de Béthune d'Hesdigneul and of Antoine Charles Louis de Lasalle.
In August 1822, he was promoted to colonel by King Louis XVIII and knight of the Order of Saint Louis. He changed his name to Deshayes, as in Deshayes de Cambronne, during the La Rochelle affair and the ennoblement of the general Pierre Cambronne. The latter was famous for his legendary word invented by Michel-Nicolas Balisson de Rougemont, quoted by Victor Hugo in Les Misérables.[2]
He lived in the Château d'Orrouy, on the domain of Champlieu and was named adjudant major of the Château de Compiègne, with Charles de Maillé de La Tour-Landry (in French)[3] and (Aide-de-camp) of the Comte d'Artois (future king Charles X), general colonel of the Garde Nationale, before he dismissed, in 1827. He looked strikingly similar to him.[4]
He died in 1846, when the Gallo-Roman ruins of Champlieu (in French) within the territory of the municipality of Orrouy, were classified as historical monuments and owned by the General Council of Oise since 2007, traversed by one of the Brunehaut roads (in French).
He is the great-grand-father of Claude de Cambronne and the great-great-grand father of Laurence de Cambronne.
Family gallery
edit
Awards
edit- Chevalier de l'ordre royal de la Légion d'honneur in 1822
Bibliography
editReferences
edit- ^ Dictionnaire des familles françaises anciennes ou notables, sur gallica.bnf.fr
- ^ "L’homme qui a gagné la bataille de Waterloo, ce n’est pas Napoléon en déroute, ce n’est pas Wellington pliant à quatre heures, désespéré à cinq, ce n’est pas Blücher qui ne s’est point battu ; l’homme qui a gagné la bataille de Waterloo, c’est Cambronne. Foudroyer d’un tel mot le tonnerre qui vous tue, c’est vaincre." The Miserables, Chapter 15
- ^ Almanach royal pour les années ...., Volume 5, 1827
- ^ L’intermédiaire des chercheurs et curieux, 1905, p.741