Arup is a Dano-Norwegian surname and an Indian given name. Notable people with the name include:
- Erik Arup (Erik Ipsen Arup), Danish historian
- Jens Lauritz Arup, Norwegian bishop and politician
- Katie Arup, British fencer
- Ove Arup (Sir Ove Nyquist Arup), Anglo-Danish engineer and founder of Arup Group
- Arup Bose, Indian Professor of Theoretical Statistics and Mathematics.
- Arup Chattopadhyay, Indian tabla player
- Arup Ratan Choudhury, Bangladeshi dental specialist and media personality
- Arup Debnath, Indian footballer
- Jens Arup Seip (Jens Lauritz Arup Seip), Norwegian historian
- Arup Raha (Air Marshal Arup Raha), Indian Air Force officer
- Arup Roy, Indian politician and Minister for Agricultural Marketing in the Government of West Bengal
- Didrik Arup Seip, professor of North Germanic languages at the University of Oslo