As-Summaqah, Sumaqa or Samaqa (Arabic: اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻗﺔ or ﺳﻤﺎﻗﺔ),[1] is a former Syrian village located in the Golan Heights.[2]
As-Summaqah
اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻗﺔ or ﺳﻤﺎﻗﺔ | |
|---|---|
Village | |
  As-Summaqah | |
| Coordinates: 33°09′34.7″N 35°43′29.8″E / 33.159639°N 35.724944°E | |
| Country |  Syria |
| Governorate | Quneitra |
| District | Quneitra |
| Region | Golan Heights |
| Destroyed | 1967 |
| Population | |
• Total | 150 |
History
editThe settlement has been inhabited intermittent throughout history.[3] It has remains from the Early Bronze Age II or III, Iron Age I, Roman, Mamluk and Ottoman periods.[4] The Mamluks produced grape honey in the village.[5]
In the 15th–16th century, the al-Fadl tribe left northeastern Syria after an internal conflict.[6] When they arrived in the Golan Heights they settled in several villages in the area including Summaqah.[7] They worked with agriculture and livestock.[8] This continued till after the French Mandate.[9]
After Israel occupied the area in the Six-Day War, they began destroying Syrian villages in the Golan Heights.[10][11] Summaqah was destroyed in 1967.[12] The population before the war was 150.[12]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Murphy, Ray; Gannon, Declan (2008). "Changing the Landscape: Israel's Gross Violations of International Law in the Occupied Syrian Golan" (PDF). al-Marsad. p. 67.
- ^ "Golan Heights and vicinity : October 1994". The Library of Congress. 1994-01-01. Retrieved 2024-08-31. (As Summaqah shown as an abandoned/dismantled Syrian village)
- ^ Tsioni 2010, pp. 222
- ^ Tsioni 2010, pp. 222
- ^ Tsioni 2010, pp. 222–241
- ^ ‘Abbasi & Seltenreich 2007, pp. 25
- ^ ‘Abbasi & Seltenreich 2007, pp. 26
- ^ ‘Abbasi & Seltenreich 2007, pp. 26
- ^ ‘Abbasi & Seltenreich 2007, pp. 26
- ^ Shai (2006). "The Fate of Abandoned Arab Villages in Israel, 1965-1969". History and Memory. 18 (2): 100-101. doi:10.2979/his.2006.18.2.86.
- ^ Sulimani & Kletter 2022, pp. 55–56
- ^ a b "al-Marsad" (PDF). p. 14. Retrieved 2024-08-31.
Bibliography
edit- Sulimani, Gideon; Kletter, Raz (2022). "Settler-Colonialism and the Diary of an Israeli Settler in the Golan Heights: The Notebooks of Izhaki Gal". Journal of Holy Land and Palestine Studies. 21 (1). Edinburgh University Press: 48–71. doi:10.3366/hlps.2022.0283. ISSN 2054-1988.
- Tsioni, Gil (2010). "A Mameluke Grape-Honey Treading Installation in the Golan Heights, Israel". Israel Exploration Journal. 60 (2). Israel Exploration Society: 222–244. ISSN 0021-2059. JSTOR 27927265. Retrieved 2024-08-31.
- ‘Abbasi, Mustafa; Seltenreich, Yair (2007). "A Leader on Both Sides of the Border: The Amir Fa'our al-Fa'our Between Syria and Mandatory Palestine". Holy Land Studies. 6 (1): 23–49. doi:10.3366/hls.2007.0013. ISSN 1474-9475.