Xinjiang Time (Chinese: 新疆时间; pinyin: Xīnjiāng shíjiān), also known as Ürümqi Time (Chinese: 乌鲁木齐时间; pinyin: Wūlǔmùqí Shíjiān), is a time standard used in Xinjiang, China. It is used alongside Beijing Time, which is widely observed by the rest of the country. The time offset is UTC+06:00, which is two hours behind Beijing Time and is the same offset used by Kyrgyzstan. This offset accounts for Xinjiang's geographical location in the westernmost part of China.[1][2][3]
History
editXinjiang Time has been abolished and re-established multiple times, particularly during the 1970s and 1980s. In February 1986, the Chinese government approved the use of Xinjiang Time (UTC+06:00) in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (thus excluding area colonized by Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps) for civil purposes, while military, railroad, aviation, and telecommunication sectors were supposed to continue using Beijing Time (UTC+08:00).[4][3] However, the decision was rejected by the local ethnic Han population and some Han-dominated regional governments.[5]
Usage
edit
The choice of time zone used in Xinjiang is roughly split along the ethnic divide, with most of the Han population observing Beijing Time, and most of the Uyghur population and some other ethnic groups following Xinjiang Time.[6] Accordingly, the Xinjiang Television network schedules its Chinese channel according to Beijing Time and its Uyghur and Kazakh channels according to Xinjiang Time.[7] In some areas, local authorities use both time standards side by side.[8][9]
The coexistence of two time zones within the same region causes some confusion among the local population, especially when members of multiple ethnic groups want to communicate with each other: whenever a time is mentioned, it is necessary to explicitly state whether the time is Xinjiang Time or Beijing Time, or to convert the time according to the ethnicity of the target audience.[10][11][12] Additionally, some ethnic Han in Xinjiang might not be aware of the existence of Xinjiang Time because of the language barrier.[13]
Xinjiang residents who use Beijing Time typically schedule their activities two hours after the usual time that those activities would be performed in Eastern China in order to match the sunrise and sunset times. For example, if everyone in Beijing wakes up when the sun rises at 8:00 AM Beijing Time, then Xinjiang residents would plan to wake up at 10:00 AM Beijing Time, because this is when the sunrise would occur in Xinjiang. This is known in Xinjiang as the Xinjiang work/rest time.[14]
In 2014, Apple Inc. released an update to its iOS mobile operating system that silently changed the default time for users in Xinjiang to Xinjiang Time. This change caused alarms that had been set using Beijing Time to ring two hours later than expected, resulting in a disruption of daily activities on the day after the change was released.[15]
In 2018, according to Human Rights Watch, a Uyghur man was arrested and sent to a detention center because he set his watch to Xinjiang Time.[16][17]
IANA time zone database
editThe territory using Xinjiang Time is covered in the IANA time zone database by the following zones.
Columns marked with * are from the zone.tab file of the database.
| c.c.* | coordinates* | TZ* | comments* | Standard time | Summer time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN | +4348+08735 | Asia/Urumqi | Xinjiang Time | UTC+06:00 | — | |
| CN | Asia/Kashgar | UTC+06:00 | — | Linked to Asia/Urumqi |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "2 节气、数九、昼长、乌鲁木齐时间". 新疆气象手册 (in Chinese). 新疆兴农网. 2011-02-22. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2017-06-24.
- ^ "冷知识："北京时间"的由来". 新华网. 3 November 2015. Archived from the original on November 9, 2015. Retrieved 3 November 2015.
- ^ a b GUO, Qing-sheng (2001). "中国标准时制考" [A Study on the Standard Time Changes for the Past 100 Years in China] (PDF). China Historical Materials of Science and Technology (in Chinese (China)). 22 (3): 269–280. 1000-0798(2001)03-0269-12. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-12-20. Retrieved 9 December 2016.中国标准时制考
- ^ "法定时与北京时间". 人民教育出版社. Archived from the original on 14 November 2006.
- ^ 王力雄 (2007). 我的西域，你的東土：沒有人曾經，或可能如此解讀新疆與維吾爾人. 大塊出版. ISBN 9789862130117.
- ^ "【讀書時間】在時間的悟透里跋涉或存在".
- ^ 小康. "北京时间的概念". 西安同步电子科技有限公司.
- ^ Ingram, Ruth (September 2013). "Bending Time in Xinjiang".
- ^ adilniyaz (2008-08-26). "作息时间". Archived from the original on 12 October 2014.
- ^ 赫海威 (17 June 2016). "10点日出，半夜吃饭，在新疆用北京时间的烦恼". New York Times.
- ^ 南香红 (2003-09-25). "【城市】乌鲁木齐：没有屋顶的博物馆". 南方周末. Archived from the original on 2016-12-21.
- ^ Demick, Barbara (31 March 2009). "Clocks square off in China's far west". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ Luther Ma's note in IANA time zone database file
- ^ "政协委员建议：调整新疆单位作息时间". 网易新闻中心. 2014-01-17.
- ^ 盖煜 (2014-09-26). "乌鲁木齐市民反映:苹果系统升级后自动选择新疆时区". 凤凰资讯.
- ^ Alexandra Ma (September 9, 2018). "China reportedly detained a man on terrorist charges because he set his watch 2 hours behind Beijing time". Business Insider.
- ^ ""Eradicating Ideological Viruses" China's Campaign of Repression Against Xinjiang's Muslims". Human Rights Watch. September 9, 2018. Archived from the original on February 23, 2023. Retrieved February 24, 2023.
I know of a guy … who was taken away for having set his watch to [the unofficial] Urumqi time – they say that's what makes him suspicious for terrorism.