Ataxin 10

Ataxin-10 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ATXN10 gene.

ATXN10
Identifiers
Aliases	ATXN10, E46L, HUMEEP, SCA10, ataxin 10, ATX10
External IDs	OMIM: 611150; MGI: 1859293; HomoloGene: 40858; GeneCards: ATXN10; OMA:ATXN10 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 22 (human) Band 22q13.31 Start 45,671,798 bp End 45,845,307 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in ventricular zone ganglionic eminence gonad prefrontal cortex stromal cell of endometrium islet of Langerhans right ventricle postcentral gyrus pons retinal pigment epithelium n/a More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function enzyme binding protein binding identical protein binding Cellular component cytoplasm perinuclear region of cytoplasm soma plasma membrane dendrite membrane extracellular space cytosol Biological process neuron projection development nervous system development protein homotrimerization cilium assembly Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 25814 54138 Ensembl ENSG00000130638 ENSMUSG00000016541 UniProt Q9UBB4 P28658 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_013236 NM_001167621 NM_016843 RefSeq (protein) NP_001161093 NP_037368 NP_058539 Location (UCSC) Chr 22: 45.67 – 45.85 Mb n/a PubMed search
Wikidata
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Clinical significance

The autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias (ADCAs) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by ataxia, dysarthria, dysmetria, and intention tremor. All ADCAs involve some degree of cerebellar dysfunction and a varying degree of signs from other components of the nervous system. A commonly accepted clinical classification (Harding, 1993) divides ADCAs into three different groups based on the presence or absence of associated symptoms such as brainstem signs or retinopathy. The presence of pyramidal and extrapyramidal symptoms and ophthalmoplegia makes the diagnosis of ADCA I, the presence of retinopathy points to ADCA II, and the absence of associated signs to ADCA III. Genetic linkage and molecular analyses revealed that ADCAs are genetically heterogeneous even within the various subtypes.

Defects in ATXN10 have been associated with Joubert syndrome.

Further reading

• Harding AE (1993). "Clinical features and classification of inherited ataxias". Advances in Neurology. 61: 1–14. PMID 8421960.
• Ashizawa T, Matsuura T (2002). "[Spinocerebellar ataxia type 10 (SCA10): a disease caused by a novel pentanucleotide repeat expansion]". Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 41 (12): 1120–2. PMID 12235814.
• Grewal RP, Tayag E, Figueroa KP, et al. (1998). "Clinical and genetic analysis of a distinct autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia". Neurology. 51 (5): 1423–6. doi:10.1212/wnl.51.5.1423. PMID 9818872. S2CID 31738977.
• Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, et al. (1999). "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22". Nature. 402 (6761): 489–95. Bibcode:1999Natur.402..489D. doi:10.1038/990031. PMID 10591208.
• Matsuura T, Yamagata T, Burgess DL, et al. (2000). "Large expansion of the ATTCT pentanucleotide repeat in spinocerebellar ataxia type 10". Nat. Genet. 26 (2): 191–4. doi:10.1038/79911. PMID 11017075.
• Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, et al. (2001). "Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs". Genome Res. 11 (3): 422–35. doi:10.1101/gr.GR1547R. PMC 311072. PMID 11230166.
• Simpson JC, Wellenreuther R, Poustka A, et al. (2001). "Systematic subcellular localization of novel proteins identified by large-scale cDNA sequencing". EMBO Rep. 1 (3): 287–92. doi:10.1093/embo-reports/kvd058. PMC 1083732. PMID 11256614.
• Fujigasaki H, Tardieu S, Camuzat A, et al. (2002). "Spinocerebellar ataxia type 10 in the French population". Ann. Neurol. 51 (3): 408–9. doi:10.1002/ana.10126. PMID 11891842. S2CID 20142437.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Matsuura T, Fang P, Lin X, et al. (2004). "Somatic and germline instability of the ATTCT repeat in spinocerebellar ataxia type 10". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 74 (6): 1216–24. doi:10.1086/421526. PMC 1182085. PMID 15127363.
• Collins JE, Wright CL, Edwards CA, et al. (2005). "A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome". Genome Biol. 5 (10): R84. doi:10.1186/gb-2004-5-10-r84. PMC 545604. PMID 15461802.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Matsuura T, Fang P, Pearson CE, et al. (2006). "Interruptions in the expanded ATTCT repeat of spinocerebellar ataxia type 10: repeat purity as a disease modifier?". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 78 (1): 125–9. doi:10.1086/498654. PMC 1380209. PMID 16385455.
• Waragai M, Nagamitsu S, Xu W, et al. (2006). "Ataxin 10 induces neuritogenesis via interaction with G-protein beta2 subunit". J. Neurosci. Res. 83 (7): 1170–8. doi:10.1002/jnr.20807. PMID 16498633. S2CID 19731852.
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, et al. (2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Mol. Syst. Biol. 3 (1): 89. doi:10.1038/msb4100134. PMC 1847948. PMID 17353931.

External links

• GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 10
• Human ATXN10 genome location and ATXN10 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.