Athletics is a sport in Russia.[1] Russian athletes competed in international athletics competitions such as Olympic Games or World athletics championships. Athletics was governed in Russia by the All-Russia Athletic Federation.[citation needed] The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) found widespread doping and large-scale cover ups by the Russian authorities, the All-Russia Athletic Federation (ARAF) was declared non-compliant with respect to the World Anti-Doping Code, and in 2015 the IAAF council overwhelmingly voted in favour of prohibiting Russia from world sports events with immediate effect.[2] ARAF accepted the indefinite IAAF suspension. As of 2022[update], due to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, World Athletics has banned all Russian athletes, support personnel, and officials from all World Athletics Series events for the foreseeable future, including those with ANA status.[3] Beginning in March 2022, after the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Diamond League excluded Russian and Belarusian athletes from all of its track and field meetings.[4]
Russian athletes at international competitions
editMedal tables
edit| Event | Medals | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
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Tot. | |
| Olympic Games | 25 | 26 | 25 | 76 |
Olympic Games
editAs the Russian Empire, the nation first competed at the 1900 Games, and returned again in 1908 and 1912. After the Russian revolution in 1917, and the subsequent establishment of the Soviet Union in 1922, it would be thirty years until Russian athletes once again competed at the Olympics, at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Russian athletes participated in the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona as part of the Unified Team.[citation needed]
| Games | Participants | Men | Women | Total | |||||||||
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| 1900–1912 | as part of the  Russian Empire (RU1)
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| 1920–1948 | did not participate | ||||||||||||
| 1952–1988 | as part of the  Soviet Union (URS)
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 1992 Barcelona |
as part of the  Unified Team (EUN)
| ||||||||||||
 1996 Atlanta |
85 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 7 | 3 | 6 | 1 | 10 |
 2000 Sydney |
109 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 13 |
 2004 Athens |
115 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 3 | 14 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 19 |
 2008 Beijing |
104 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 12 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 18 |
 2012 London |
97 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 15 | 7 | 4 | 5 | 16 |
 2016 Rio de Janeiro |
1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 5 | 5 | 10 | 20 | 20 | 21 | 15 | 56 | 25 | 26 | 25 | 76 | |
Doping ban
editIn December 2014, a documentary by German broadcaster ARD made wide-ranging allegations of state involvement in systematic doping in Russian athletics, accusing Russia of an "East German-style" doping programme.[5] The allegations resulted in the resignation of ARAF President Valentin Balakhnichevas Treasurer of the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF).[6]
The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) subsequently investigated the allegations. The 323-page report, published on 9 November 2015, confirmed widespread doping and large-scale cover ups by the authorities. It recommended that the All-Russia Athletic Federation (ARAF) be declared non-compliant with respect to the World Anti-Doping Code, and recommended that the International Olympic Committee not accept any entries from ARAF until compliance was reached.[7][8] Based on this report, which The Guardian described as "damning",[9] the IAAF council overwhelmingly voted 22–1 in favour of prohibiting Russia from world sports events with immediate effect, in its 13 November session.[2] Russia has been also prohibited from hosting the 2016 World Race Walking Team Championships (Cheboksary) and 2016 World Junior Championships (Kazan), and ARAF must entrust doping cases to Court of Arbitration for Sport.[2] ARAF accepted the indefinite IAAF suspension and did not request a hearing.[10] ARAF's efforts towards regaining full IAAF membership will be monitored by a five-person IAAF team.[11]
Russian invasion of Ukraine ban
editAs of 2022[update], due to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, World Athletics banned all Russian athletes, support personnel, and officials from all World Athletics Series events for the foreseeable future, including those with ANA status.[citation needed] Beginning in March 2022, after the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Diamond League excluded Russian and Belarusian athletes from all of its track and field meetings.[12]
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ Edwin Bacon (2014). Contemporary Russia (3rd ed.). Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137307392.
- ^ a b c "IAAF provisionally suspends Russian Member Federation ARAF". iaaf.org. 13 November 2015.
- ^ "World Athletics Council decides on Russia, Belarus and female eligibility | PRESS-RELEASES | World Athletics".
- ^ "Russian and Belarusian athletes banned from Diamond League meetings". www.insidethegames.biz. March 18, 2022.
- ^ Philip Olterman (3 December 2014). "Russia accused of athletics doping cover-up on German TV". The Guardian. Retrieved 9 November 2015.
- ^ "IAAF investigating Russian Olympic gold medallist Elena Lashmanova". The Guardian.
- ^ "Independent Commission – Report 1". World Anti-Doping Agency. 9 November 2015. Retrieved 9 November 2015.
- ^ "Athletics doping: Wada commission recommends Russia suspension". BBC. 9 November 2015. Retrieved 9 November 2015.
- ^ "Wada calls for Russia to be banned from athletics in doping report". The Guardian. 9 November 2015. Retrieved 9 November 2015.
- ^ "Russia accepts full, indefinite ban from world athletics over doping scandal". The Guardian. 26 November 2015. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
- ^ "Athletics doping: IAAF names team to inspect Russian reforms". BBC. 17 November 2015. Retrieved 17 November 2015.
- ^ "Russian and Belarusian athletes banned from Diamond League meetings". www.insidethegames.biz. March 18, 2022.