The Atrauli Gharana is a Hindustani music apprenticeship fraternity (original gharana), founded by four brothers from the Gauharbani tradition who moved to Atrauli from Gwalior in the late-18th century. The gharana is best known for its influence and association with the Jaipur-Atrauli and Agra gharanas.[1]
This tradition acquired its celebrated status as its representatives, like Alladiya Khan, Faiyaz Khan, and Vilayat Hussain Khan, grew with acclaim in the 20th century. The gharana is known for its distinctive vocal aesthetics, raga repertoire, and technical aptitude.[2]
History
editThe gharana was formed in the 18th century by four brothers - Hidayat Khan, Mughul Khan, Karim Hussain Khan, and Jabbar Khan - who were musicians that settled in Atrauli from Gwalior at the invitation of its Nawab.[3]
Unlike the Agra Gharana, which comes from the Nauharbani tradition, and the Jaipur-Atrauli Gharana, which comes from the Dagarbani tradition, the Atrauli Gharana emerged from the Gauharbani tradition.[4]
Lineage
editThe following family trees are based on reports by Vilayat Hussain Khan.[5]
Ancestral Lineage
edit| Gauharbani Ancestors from Gwalior who settled in Atrauli | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hidayat Khan | Mughul Khan | Karim Khan | Jabbar Khan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lal Khan | Daughter, Wife of Tanras Khan | Hazi Zahoor Khan | Daughter | Manshi Ghulam Hussain | Noor Khan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chojja Khan | Fazal Khan | Inayat Khan | Faiz Khan | Riyaz Khan | Mehboob Khan "Daraspiya" | Puttan Khan | Jasiya Begum, Wife of Natthan Khan (Agrawale) | Vitto Begum, Wife of Ahmed Khan (Atrauliwale) | Munshi Jamal Ahmed Khan | Jaipur-Atrauli Gharana Tradition | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abbasi Begum, Wife of Safdar Hussain Khan | Ahmed Khan | Altaf Hussain Khan | Liaqat Hussain Khan | Daughter | Ata Hussain Khan | Bande Hasan Khan | Ajju Begum, Wife of Umrao Khan | Mariambi Begum, Wife of Audulla Khan (Agrawale) | Bashiran Begum, Wife of Faiyaz Hussain Khan | Allarakhe Begum, Wife of Liaqat Hussain Khan | Kamaal Ahmed | Reyaz Ahmed | Hasina Begum, Wife of Khadim Hussain Khan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Prominent Musicians
editReferences
edit- ^ Sharma, Manorma (2006). Tradition of Hindustani music. New Delhi: A.P.H. Pub. Corp. p. 49. ISBN 81-7648-999-9.
- ^ Kumāraprasāda Mukhopādhyāẏa (2006). The Lost World of Hindustani Music. Penguin Books India. pp. 154–. ISBN 978-0-14-306199-1. Archived from the original on 2024-05-02. Retrieved 2020-11-22.
- ^ Manorma Sharma (2006). Tradition of Hindustani Music. APH Publishing. pp. 49–51. ISBN 978-81-7648-999-7. Archived from the original on 2024-05-02. Retrieved 2020-11-22.
- ^ Jeffrey Michael Grimes (2008). The Geography of Hindustani Music: The Influence of Region and Regionalism on the North Indian Classical Tradition. pp. 142–. ISBN 978-1-109-00342-0.
- ^ Ghosh, Tapasi (2008). Pran Piya: Ustad Vilayat Hussain Khan. India: Atlantic Publishers and Distributors. p. Appendix. ISBN 978-81-269-0855-4.
Bibliography
edit- Gaanyogini Dhondutai Kulkarni (2014). Sur Sangat. Rajhans Prakashan. ISBN 978-81-7434-694-0.
- Babanrao Haldankar (2001). Aesthetics of Agra and Jaipur Traditions. Popular Prakashan. ISBN 978-81-7154-685-5.