Austroperlidae is a family of stoneflies in the order Plecoptera. There are about 10 genera and 15 described species in Austroperlidae across southern land masses Australia, New Zealand, and South America.[1][2]Austroperlidae species are unique among stoneflies in having aposematic (warning) colouration.[3] For instance, the New Zealand black stonefly Austroperla is a forest dwelling shredder that is toxic to predators due to its production of hydrogen cyanide.[4] The warning colouration of this species is mimicked by several lineages of the unrelated non-toxic New Zealand stonefly Zelandoperla.[5]
| Austroperlidae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Austroperla cyrene | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Plecoptera |
| Suborder: | Antarctoperlaria |
| Superfamily: | Gripopterygoidea |
| Family: | Austroperlidae Tillyard, 1921 |
Genera
editThese 10 genera belong to the family Austroperlidae:
- Acruroperla Illies, 1969
- Andesobius McLellan, 2001
- Austroheptura Illies, 1969
- Austropentura Illies, 1969
- Austroperla Needham, 1905
- Crypturoperla Illies, 1969
- Klapopteryx Navás, 1928
- Penturoperla Illies, 1960
- Pseudoheptura Riek, 1973
- Tasmanoperla Tillyard, 1921
References
edit- ^ "Austroperlidae". GBIF. Retrieved 2019-05-23.
- ^ DeWalt, R.E.; Maehr, M.D.; Neu-Becker, U.; Stueber, G. (2019). "family Austroperlidae Tillyard, 1921". Plecoptera species file online, Version 5.0. Retrieved 2019-05-23.
- ^ Foster, Brodie; McCulloch, Graham; Waters, Jonathan (2021). "Evidence for aposematism in a southern hemisphere stonefly family (Plecoptera: Austroperlidae)". Austral Entomology. 60: 267-275. doi:10.1111/aen.12529.
- ^ McLellan, Ian (1997). "Austroperla cyrene Newman (Plecoptera: Austroperlidae)". Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 27: 271–278. doi:10.1080/03014223.1997.9517538.
- ^ Foster, Brodie; McCulloch, Graham; Foster, Yasmin; Kroos, Gracie; King, Tania; Waters, Jonathan (2023). "ebony underpins Batesian mimicry in melanic stoneflies". Molecular Ecology. 32: 4986-4998. doi:10.1111/mec.17085.
Further reading
edit- Baumann, Richard W.; Gaufin, Arden R.; Surdick, Rebecca F. (1977). "The stoneflies (Plecoptera) of the Rocky Mountains [USA]". Memoirs of the American Entomological Society. 31. Archived from the original on 2019-04-17. Retrieved 2019-05-24.
- Campbell, Ian C., ed. (1990). Mayflies and Stoneflies: Life Histories and Biology. Springer. doi:10.1007/978-94-009-2397-3. ISBN 978-94-010-7579-4. S2CID 39201439.
- DeWalt, R.; Cao, Y.; Tweddale, T.; Grubbs, S.; et al. (2012). "Ohio USA stoneflies (Insecta, Plecoptera): species richness estimation, distribution of functional niche traits, drainage affiliations, and relationships to other states". ZooKeys (178): 1–26. doi:10.3897/zookeys.178.2616. ISSN 1313-2989. PMC 3317619. PMID 22539876.
- Hynes, H. B. N. (1976). "Biology of plecoptera". Annual Review of Entomology. 21: 135–153. doi:10.1146/annurev.en.21.010176.001031.
- Stewart, Kenneth W.; Stark, Bill P. (1988). Nymphs of North American stonefly genera (Plecoptera). Entomological Society of America. ISBN 978-0929398556.
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