Bernard Linden Webb (25 November 1884 – 28 June 1968) was an Australian Christian minister and pacifist. During both World Wars he resigned from active ministry within the Methodist Church of Australasia because of his opposition to his nation's military engagement.[1]
B. Linden Webb | |
|---|---|
| Born | 25 November 1884 |
| Died | 28 June 1968 |
| Education | Newington College Wesleyan Theological Institution |
| Spouse | Eleanor (née Dunbar) |
| Parent(s) | Edmund Tom Webb Fanny Edgeworth Webb (née Byrnes) |
| Church | Methodist Church of Australasia |
| Ordained | 1908 |
| Writings | The religious significance of the war (1915) The sun shines on (1967) |
It was said of him on his death, that "he sought and found an expression for religious faith that satisfied both the demands of the spirit and the temper of the age ... for all his gentle modesty he was inflexibly firm and courageous in maintaining his convictions. He believed that war is utterly wrong."[2]
The peace activism of the 1960s within the Methodist Church grew from Webb's pioneering pacifist theology of earlier years.[2]
Early life
editWebb was born in Bathurst, New South Wales, the fifth of seven children of Edmund Tom Webb and Fanny Edgeworth Webb (née Byrnes).[3] He was a grandson of Edmund Webb and William Tom. His family were prosperous and well-connected in business and political circles. Webb attended Newington College, as had his father, and commenced in 1899.[4] In 1902, his final year at Newington, he was appointed as the Senior Prefect.[5] The following year Webb went up to the University of Sydney and read in the faculty of arts. He had planned to become a lawyer, but during his second year of university "he felt the call to preach".[6] He graduated as a Bachelor of Arts in 1906.[7] Webb chose service to the church over a career as a lawyer and became a graduate student at the Wesleyan Theological Institution which was then still based in the grounds of his Alma Mater, Newington College.[2]
Early ministry
editAfter ordination, Webb served as a probationer in the North Sydney circuit. He than moved to Moss Vale and served in that circuit from early 1909 to early 1911. Later in 1911 Webb took a leave of absence and traveled to England with his new wife. On his return to Australia in 1912 he served at Tighes Hill in the Hamilton and Wickham circuit of Newcastle. In 1913 Webb was unwell and spent time within the Central Methodist Mission on sick leave and light duties.[2]
Hay Circuit
editIn March 1914 the New South Wales Methodist Conference appointed Webb to Hay, New South Wales. World War I had just started as he arrived to take up his new appointment and he soon gave a series of sermons critical of war. These were later published.[8][9] The recruiting sergeant in Hay asked Webb to encourage young men in his congregation to support the war effort. All other ministers in Hay agreed to such requests but Webb refused to assist. For two and a half years the young minister found himself at odds with his congregation and broader community. Webb eventually found "the moral implications of Christian doctrine" inconsistent with those of the Methodist Church and he resigned from the ministry. He returned to the Central Methodist Mission in Sydney without pastoral charge before moving to Moss Vale in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales. During this period Webb did not work as a minister but tried to support his family by teaching elocution, farming and selling fruit and clothing door-to-door.[2]
Later ministry
editHe returned to full-time Methodist ministry in 1920 and served in the Muswellbrook circuit for twelve months. The next three years were spent in Toronto, New South Wales, before moving to Sydney and serving in Gordon. In 1927 Webb left the mainland to serve on Norfolk Island. As pacifist principles flourished in the Methodist church of the 1930s[10] Webb became physically frail and suffered from poor health. He returned to service in Sydney in 1936 when he was appointed to the Summer Hill church. For the remaining years of the decade Webb was in Campbelltown, New South Wales, and Kensington. As Australia was again at war Webb considered "that his pacifist principles were not consistent with his work in the church" and he again resigned from ministry. He aligned himself with Methodist ministers such as Alan Walker during World War II. In these years he supported his family by selling fruit and vegetables. After the war he re-entered the ministry but his health was bad and he became a supernumerary in Helensburgh, New South Wales.[2][11]
Marriage, family and death
editIn 1911, Webb married Eleanor Dunbar in Sydney. The union produced three daughters and a son.[12][2] Eleanor Webb died in 1966. A daughter owned the Rima Private Hospital in Mosman and Webb moved there for the last years of his life. He died aged 83 following a stroke on 28 June 1968 and his funeral was held at the Mosman Methodist Church.[2]
Publications
editReferences
edit- ^ Catie Gilchrist (2014). "Religious Opposition to World War I". Dictionary of Sydney. Dictionary of Sydney Trust. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Rev. B. Linden Webb and the Hay Methodist Congregation Retrieved 1 June 2015
- ^ Edmund Tom Webb Retrieved 1 June 2015
- ^ Newington College Register of Past Students 1863–1998 (Syd, 1999) pp210
- ^ Newington College (1903), The Newingtonian, Newington College, retrieved 1 June 2015
- ^ Linder, Robert D.; Centre for the Study of Australian Christianity (1994), The peaceful evangelicals : refusing to take up the sword, 1914-1918, Centre for the Study of Australian Christianity, retrieved 1 June 2015
- ^ "Alumni Sidneienses". University of Sydney. Archived from the original on 10 May 2017. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
- ^ "THE CHURCHES". The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954). NSW: National Library of Australia. 12 June 1915. p. 8. Retrieved 2 June 2015.
- ^ "THE RELIGIOUS SIGNIFICANCE OF THE WAR". The Methodist (Sydney, NSW : 1892 - 1954). Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia. 26 June 1915. p. 6. Retrieved 2 June 2015.
- ^ "United Christian Peace Movement". The Methodist (Sydney, NSW : 1892 - 1954). Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia. 10 April 1937. p. 14. Retrieved 2 June 2015.
- ^ Wright, D. I.; Clancy, Eric G. (1993), The Methodists : a history of Methodism in New South Wales, Allen & Unwin, ISBN 978-1-86373-428-8
- ^ Bernard Linden Webb Retrieved 1 June 2015
- ^ Webb, B. Linden (1915), The religious significance of the war, s.n, retrieved 1 June 2015
- ^ Webb, B. Linden (1967), The sun shines on : selected poems and songs, Epworth Press, retrieved 1 June 2015