The Baakens River, also known as Gqeberha River (Xhosa: [ᶢǃʱɛ̀ɓéːxà]),[1] is a river that empties at Port Elizabeth's city centre and harbour in Algoa Bay.[2]
| Baakens River Baakensrivier | |
|---|---|
 | |
  Location of the Baakens River's mouth | |
| Native name | |
| Location | |
| Country | South Africa |
| Region | Eastern Cape |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Mouth | Indian Ocean |
• location | Algoa Bay |
• coordinates | 33°57′50″S 25°37′45″E / 33.96389°S 25.62917°E |
| Length | 23 km (14 mi) |
The river flows for about 23 km (14 mi) from its catchment area at Sherwood, Hunter's Retreat, and Rowallan Park through mainly urban area to its mouth. Mostly, it is a small quiet stream. Near its mouth, it runs into a gorge on the south side of the hill on which Fort Frederick lies.
Until the first VOC ships docked here in 1690, the creek was known by the Khoekhoe name from the Gonoqua tribe, Kragga Kamma (//Kraxa/kamma), 'the rocky creek (or //kara - meaning pebbles in the river and kamma being a corruption of the Khoe word //gami - meaning water)'.[3]
In time, the last 2 km (1.2 mi) of the stream was canalised and the small lagoon filled up. Parks, sports grounds and hiking trails have been laid out in parts of the Baakens Valley.
History
editIn 1752, ensign August Frederik Beutler passed by and erected a beacon (baken in contemporary Dutch) on behalf of the VOC at the estuary.
The 54 ha Settler Park has existed since 1938. The valley was in the years 1867, 1897, 1908 (1908 Port Elizabeth flood), 1968, 1981 and 2006 the scene of severe floods, floods and great damage. On 5 May 1897, the cause was a cloudburst at Hunter's Retreat. On Sunday 1 September 1968, it started to rain just after 8am and within a short time more than 56 cm fell. In the most devastating flood that South Africa had experienced until then, 8 people lost their lives.
Gqeberha is the name for this river in Xhosa.[4] The neighbourhood Kabega Park may have been named after this river.[citation needed]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Mlambo, Sihle (26 February 2021). "Gqeberha, The New Name for Port Elizabeth". uwc.ac.za. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
- ^ Bakensrivier sa Geonames.org (cc-by); post updated 18 January 2012; database download sa 28 February 2017
- ^ "HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT: Portion 87 of the Farm Cragga Kamma. No. 23 PORT ELIZABETH" (PDF). SAHRA.
- ^ Meiring, Pieter (10 November 2019). "New Port Elizabeth name announced". Cape Business News. Retrieved 10 February 2020.