Babinsa (from Indonesian: Bintara Pembina Desa, lit. "Village Trustee NCO") is a senior Indonesian territorial army Non-commissioned officer or senior Enlisted rank official who is in charge for carrying out territorial defence, development and monitoring duties for a community in the village/Kelurahan level in Indonesia.[1] They report to and are under the command of the local Military Sector Command (Koramil). In urban areas, Babinsas hold the rank of sergeant major or master sergeant, and in rural areas Babinsas hold the rank of master corporal.
History
editThe history of the Babinsas in Indonesia can be traced back to the New Order era under the Suharto regime. During the era of Suharto's dictatorship and his dependence on the military in his governance, Babinsas were used as the regime's political power in the villages.[2] Babinsas were tasked to gather intelligence on people who were indicated as political dissidents of the regime. In East Timor, they were used for active monitoring and surveillance of the respective community, by taking part in traditional suco councils and to single out potential resistance fighters.[3] It was just after the Fall of Suharto in 1998, the roles of the Babinsas as political powers in the villages were slowly eradicated by President B. J. Habibie to revert them to their original roles as defence representative village trustees.
Duties and tasks
editThe Babinsa as a community partner, is expected to be able to overcome social problems that can disrupt the integrity of the community's unity by being actively involved in community activities in their area, and also being active in carrying out activities which is to increase the awareness of national defence towards members of the community. As a territorial defence official, Babinsas are also expected to help and become advisors for villagers in need to improve and help realize the nation's welfare and defence from the lowest level of society.[4][5] Babinsas are also tasked to support and help civil authorities, law enforcement and security in their area,[6] especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, Babinsas are required to be the front-liners in socializing the importance of compliance to health protocols and the importance of vaccination towards villagers and members of the community, especially in rural areas where illiteracy still exists.[7]
The ability of the Babinsas to determine the success of their territorial duties is to coordinate regularly with relevant officials in the village or Kelurahan such as community leaders, religious leaders and youth leaders to avoid social disturbance and threats in the community. The capabilities that Babinsas must obtain are:
- Territorial Intelligence
- Regional Development in the village level
- Regional Monitoring and Supervision
- Mentoral skills towards villagers and village leaders
- Ability as a Development Innovator
Babinsas are also able and responsible to track down and prevent members of their community from radical and extremist ideologies which may lead to terrorism, by this coordinating with the Community Police Officers (Bhabinkamtibmas).[8]
Position of the Babinsas
editAuthority
editBabinsas are not law enforcement officers. Village/Kelurahan trustee officers from the Indonesian National Police are the Community Police Officers (Bintara Pembina Keamanan dan Ketertiban Masyarakat abbreviated "Bhabinkamtibmas") which coordinate with the Babinsa closely in monitoring their areas.
Jurisdiction
edit- Babinsa = Territorial defence management. Representative of the National Armed Forces to their community
- Bhabinkamtibmas = Security and Law enforcement official. Representative of the National Police to their community
Identification
editBabinsas wear a red armband on their upper-left sleeve bearing the word "BABINSA" and they wear the same uniform as other army personnel, sometimes in camo uniform and sometimes in service uniform. As majority of serving personnel come from the Infantry Branch, they wear army-green berets as their headdress in service dress.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Fischer, Horst (2004). Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law - 2001. T.M.C. Asser Press. p. 202. ISBN 9789067041690.
- ^ Hadiwinata, Bob S. (2003). The Politics of NGOs in Indonesia Developing Democracy and Managing a Movement. Taylor & Francis. p. 133. ISBN 9781134484447.
- ^ Kocak, Deniz (2018). Rethinking Community Policing in International Police Reform. Ubiquity Press. p. 30. ISBN 9781911529453.
- ^ Shaidra, Aisha (9 June 2014). "Babinsa, Tugas, dan Tanggung Jawabnya" (in Indonesian). tempo. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
- ^ "Legal Counseling for Village Trustees of KODIM 0833 Malang Faculty of Law". Faculty of Law of the University of Brawijaya. 29 February 2020. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
- ^ "The Chief of INP asks Babinsa and Bhabinkamtibmas to maintain Papuan conduciveness". Indonesian National Police official news portal "Tribrata". 27 February 2021.
- ^ "TNI Commander-in-Chief Orders Babinsa, Babinpotmar and Babinpotdirga Assisting the Enforcement of Health Protocol Discipline". Indonesian National Armed Forces official website. 10 August 2020.
- ^ "Island focus: Jokowi wants Babinsa to prevent radicalism". The Jakarta Post. 30 July 2018.