Bacteriophage φCb5 is a bacteriophage that infects Caulobacter bacteria and other caulobacteria.[1] The bacteriophage was discovered in 1970, it belongs to the genus Cebevirus of the Steitzviridae family and is the namesake of the genus.[2] The bacteriophage is widely distributed in the soil, freshwater lakes, streams and seawater, places where caulobacteria inhabit and can be sensitive to salinity.[3]
| Bacteriophage φCb5 | |
|---|---|
Virus classification 
| |
| (unranked): | Virus |
| Realm: | Riboviria |
| Kingdom: | Orthornavirae |
| Phylum: | Lenarviricota |
| Class: | Leviviricetes |
| Order: | Timlovirales |
| Family: | Steitzviridae |
| Genus: | Cebevirus |
| Species: | |
| Virus: | Caulobacter phage φCb5
|
Description
editThe capsid has icosahedral geometries, and T = 3 symmetry. It does not have a viral envelope. The diameter is around 26 nm. The genomes are linear, positive single-stranded RNA, and about 3.4 kb in length. The genome segmentation is monopartite and has 2 or 3 ORFs. Viral replication occurs in the cytoplasm and entry into the bacterial cell occurs by penetration into the pilus. The routes of transmission are by contact.[4][3][5]
The bacteriophage is similar to the RNA bacteriophages of Escherichia in that it is composed of a single positive single-stranded RNA molecule and a protein coat with two structural proteins and apparently contains the genetic ability to encode a subunit of the coat protein, a maturation-like protein and a similar RNA replicase. The φCb5 bacteriophage differs from Escherichia RNA bacteriophages in host specificity, salt sensitivity, and the presence of histidine, but not methionine, in the coat protein. As for related bacteriophages, ORFs encode maturation, coat, RNA replicase, and lysis proteins, but unlike other members of Leviviricetes, the φCb5 lysis protein gene completely overlaps with RNA replicase in a single frame different reading. The lysis protein of φCb5 is approximately twice as long as that of the distantly related bacteriophage MS2 and presumably contains two transmembrane helices.[3][5]
References
edit- ^ A Roadmap for Genome-Based Phage Taxonomy - MDPI.
- ^ Callanan J, Stockdale SR, Adriaenssens EM, Kuhn JH (January 2021). "Rename one class (Leviviricetes - formerly Allassoviricetes), rename one order (Norzivirales - formerly Levivirales), create one new order (Timlovirales), and expand the class to a total of si families, 420 genera and 883 species". ResearchGate. doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.25363.40481. Retrieved 3 July 2021.
- ^ a b c Inakaren Bendis, Lucille Sapiro (1970). Properties of Caulobacter Ribonucleic Acid Bacteriophage φCb5. American Society of Microbiology.
- ^ Leviviridae. Viralzone.
- ^ a b Andris Kazaks, Tatyana Voronkova, Janis Rumnieks, Andris Dishlers, Kaspars Tars (2011). Genome Structure of Caulobacter Phage phiCb5. American Society of Microbiology.