Bayada (Arabic: البياضة, Hebrew: בַּיָאדָה) or Khirbet al-Baiyada (Arabic: خربة البياضه, Hebrew: ח'רבת אל-ביאדה) is an Arab village in Israel's Haifa District. The village is in the Wadi Ara area of the northern Triangle, 4 kilometers northeast of Umm al-Fahm. Since 1996, it has been under the jurisdiction of the Ma'ale Iron local council.[3] In mid-2016 the population of Bayada was 486,[2] all of whom are Muslims.[4]
Bayada
| |
|---|---|
| Hebrew transcription(s) | |
| • Also spelled | בַּיָדָה[1] (unofficial) |
  Bayada  Bayada | |
| Coordinates: 32°33′23″N 35°9′56″E / 32.55639°N 35.16556°E | |
| Grid position | 166/217 PAL |
| Country |  Israel |
| District |  Haifa |
| Council | Ma'ale Iron |
| Population (mid-2016[2]) | |
| • Total | 486 |
Bayada is the feminine form of the word white in Arabic. The village was so named because of the bright soil found in the area.[5][1]
Geography
editBayada is one of the smallest villages in the region and is located on a hill overlooking Wadi Ara.[6] The village is located between the Umm al-Fahm mountain ridge and the Menashe Heights.[7]
History
editThe village was originally a neighborhood of Musheirifa.[8] The vast majority of the residents are members of the Jabbarin clan (Who also live in nearby Salim and Musheirifa). During the 19th and first half of the 20th century, Bayada was a small dependancy of the so-called "Fahmawi Commonwealth" established by Hebronite clans belonging to Umm al-Fahm. The Commonwealth consisted of a network of interspersed communities connected by ties of kinship, and socially, economically and politically affiliated with Umm al Fahm. The Commonwealth dominated vast sections of Bilad al-Ruha/Ramot Menashe, Wadi 'Ara and Marj Ibn 'Amir/Jezreel Valley during that time.[9]
During the 1948 Arab–Israeli War the village and the surrounding area came under Iraqi control.[10] In March 1949 Jordanian forces replaced the Iraqi forces in Wadi Ara.[10] On 3 April 1949 Israel and Jordan signed an armistice agreement, in which Israel would receive the Wadi Ara area[11] and on 20 May Israeli forces took control of the village.[12]
Bayada is one of the villages of Wadi Ara that lacked municipal status after the establishment of Israel,[13] under the administration of mukhtars (village headmen) who were appointed by the Interior Ministry[14] until 1992 when the Interior Ministry established the Nahal Iron (i.e. Wadi Ara) Regional council .
The locals' objected to the administrative arrangement, and sought independent municipal status for each village. To allay local concerns, the Interior Ministry established an investigative committee to examine other options, and in 1996, decided to split the regional council into two local councils: Ma'ale Iron, which includes Bayada, and Basma.[3] Most of the residents work in construction and other related jobs.[6]
| Year | 1972 | 1983 | 1995 | 2008 | 2016 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 127 | 185 | 276 | N/A* | 486 |
*In the 2008 census Bayada and Musheirifa were counted together and their population was 3,100[4]
Sports
editBayada and nearby Musheirifa have a joint football team named "Bnei Musheirifa Bayada" (Hebrew: בני מושריפה ביאדה) which participates in Liga Gimel Jezreel. The team hosts games in a football field located in Barkai.[16]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b HaReuveni, Immanuel (1999). Lexicon of the Land of Israel (in Hebrew). Miskal - Yedioth Ahronoth Books and Chemed Books. p. 86. ISBN 965-448-413-7.
- ^ a b c "معطيات واحصائيات" [Data and Statistics]. Ma'ale Iron Local Council.
- ^ a b "لمحة عامة" [Overview]. Ma'ale Iron Regional Council (in Hebrew).
- ^ a b מפקד האוכלוסין 2008 - עלה עירון - איזור סטטיסטי 3 [2008 Census - Ma'ale Iron - Statistical area 3] (PDF) (in Hebrew). Ministry of Interior (Israel). Retrieved 25 April 2016.
- ^ Vilnai, Ze'ev (1976). "Bayada". Ariel Encyclopedia (in Hebrew). Vol. 1. Tel Aviv, Israel: Am Oved. p. 580.
- ^ a b "EL-BAYADA". Umm El Fahm Archive. Archived from the original on 2 September 2017. Retrieved 28 April 2016.
- ^ ביאדה [Bayada] (in Hebrew). Mapa. Archived from the original on 31 May 2016. Retrieved 29 April 2016.
- ^ "MOSHIRFA". Umm El Fahm Archive. Archived from the original on 8 May 2016. Retrieved 28 April 2016.
- ^ Marom, Roy; Tepper, Yotam; Adams, Matthew J. (2024-01-03). "Al-Lajjun: a Social and geographic account of a Palestinian Village during the British Mandate Period". British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies: 8–11. doi:10.1080/13530194.2023.2279340. ISSN 1353-0194.
- ^ a b The Politics of Partition; King Abdullah, The Zionists, and Palestine 1921-1951 Avi Shlaim Oxford University Press Revised Edition 2004 ISBN 0-19-829459-X pp. 299, 312
- ^ "Israel-Jordan Armistice Agreement". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 18 April 2016. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
- ^ נתוני קרב: ח'רבת בידה [Battle details: Khirbet Bayada] (in Hebrew). Independence War sites. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
- ^ Peretz, Issac (16 May 1986). "הודעה בדבר בצגת רשימות הבוחרים לכנסת לשנת פנקס החוברים ה'תשמ"ו/ה'תשמ"ז - 1986-1987" [Announcement about presentation of the lists of electors for the Knesset for Electoral Register year 5746-7 (1986-7)]. Ministry of Interior (Israel). Maariv. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
- ^ "מעלה עירון [Ma'ale Iron]" (in Hebrew). Iron Construction Committee. Archived from the original on 3 June 2016. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
- ^ 1995 Census - List of communities, geographical characters and population 1948, 1961, 1972, 1983, 1995 Archived 2012-04-13 at the Wayback Machine, Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 25 May 2016
- ^ "Bnei Musheirifa Bayada" (in Hebrew). Israel Football Association. Archived from the original on 31 July 2016. Retrieved 4 May 2016.
External links
edit- Welcome To Kh. al-Baiyada
- Survey of Western Palestine, Map 8: IAA, Wikimedia commons
