House of Ganesha

The House of Ganesha (Bengali: গণেশ রাজপরিবার, Persian: بنی کنس) was the second royal house of the late medieval Sultanate of Bengal. It is named after its founder Raja Ganesha, a wealthy Hindu nobleman, who succeeded the former Ilyas Shahi dynasty. His son embraced Islam and ruled as Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah, and was succeeded by his son Shamsuddin Ahmad Shah.

House of Ganesha بنی کنس গণেশ রাজপরিবার Banī Gaṇesh
Royal house
Country	Bengal Sultanate
Current region	Bengal
Etymology	Name of Raja Ganesha
Place of origin	Disputed
Founded	1414 (1414)
Founder	Raja Ganesha
Final ruler	Shamsuddin Ahmad Shah
Titles	Sultan
Members	Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah
Traditions	Sunni Islam (formerly Hinduism)
Deposition	1436 (1436)

History

The Ganesha dynasty began with Raja Ganesha in 1414, from the Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent. After Raja Ganesha seized control over Bengal, he faced an imminent threat of invasion. Ganesha appealed to a powerful Muslim holy man named Qutb al Alam to stop the threat. The saint agreed on the condition that Raja Ganesha's son, Jadu, would convert to Islam and rule in his place. Raja Ganesha agreed and Jadu started ruling Bengal as Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah in 1415.

Qutb al Alam died in 1416 and Raja Ganesha was emboldened to depose his son and return to the throne as Danujamarddana Deva. Jalaluddin was reconverted to Hinduism by the Golden Cow ritual. After the death of his father, Jalaluddin once again converted to Islam and started ruling again. Jalaluddin's son, Shamsuddin Ahmad Shah ruled for only 3 years due to chaos and anarchy. The dynasty is known for its liberal policies as well as its focus on justice and charity.

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  A sketch of Raja Ganesha, the 1st ruler of the Ganesha dynasty, on the cover of a late 19th-century Bengali work, Raja Ganesh.
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  Mausoleum of Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah, the 2nd ruler of the Ganesha dynasty, in Gaur, West Bengal, India.
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  Firuz Khan and Ali Musa established Muazzampur Shahi Mosque in Sonargaon during Shamsuddin Ahmad Shah's reign.

List of rulers

Titular Name(s)	Personal Name	Reign
Raja Fandu راجا فندو Bengali: রাজা ফন্দু	Ganesha کاس/کنس Bengali: গণেশ	1414-1415, 1416-1418
Sultan Jalal ad-Din سلطان جلال الدين Bengali: সুলতান জালালউদ্দীন	Muhammad Shah محمد شاه Bengali: মুহাম্মদ শাহ	1415-1416, 1418-1433
Sultan Shams ad-Din سلطان شمس الدين Bengali: সুলতান শামসুদ্দীন	Ahmad Shah احمد شاه Bengali: আহমদ শাহ	1433-1436