Banksia brunnea is a species of low, bushy shrub that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has dark green pinnatisect leaves, heads of up to seventy pink and brownish flowers and glabrous follicles in the fruiting head.
| Banksia brunnea | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Proteales |
| Family: | Proteaceae |
| Genus: | Banksia |
| Subgenus: | Banksia subg. Banksia |
| Series: | Banksia ser. Dryandra |
| Species: | B. brunnea
|
| Binomial name | |
| Banksia brunnea | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Description
editBanksia brunnea is a bushy, much-branched shrub that typically grows to a height of 0.7 m (2 ft 4 in) but does not form a lignotuber. Its leaves are dark green, 150–350 mm (5.9–13.8 in) long, 10–16 mm (0.39–0.63 in) wide on a petiole 15–30 mm (0.59–1.18 in) long and pinnatisect with between forty and seventy-five lobes on each side with V-shaped spaces between the lobes. The flowers are arranged in heads of between fifty-five and seventy flowers, each flower with a pink perianth 28–39 mm (1.1–1.5 in) long and a deep red pistil 41–54 mm (1.6–2.1 in) long. Flowering occurs in August and the fruit is a mostly glabrous, egg-shaped follicle 12–14 mm (0.47–0.55 in) long.[2][3]
Taxonomy and naming
editThis banksia was first formally described in 1845 by Carl Meissner who gave it the name Dryandra brownii and published the description in Lehmann's Plantae Preissianae.[4][5] In 2007 Austin Mast and Kevin Thiele transferred all the dryandras to the genus Banksia but as there was already a plant named Banksia brownii, Mast and Thiele chose the specific epithet "brunnea".[6] The specific epithet is from a Latin word meaning "brown".[7][8]
Distribution and habitat
editBanksia brunnea grows in kwongan between Albany, the Stirling Range and the Fitzgerald River National Park.[2][3]
Conservation status
editThis species is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.[2]
Ecology
editAn assessment of the potential impact of climate change on this species found that its range is likely to contract by between 30% and 80% by 2080, depending on the severity of the change.[9]
References
edit- ^ a b "Banksia brunnea". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
- ^ a b c "Banksia brunnea". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
- ^ a b George, Alex S. (1999). Flora of Australia (PDF). Vol. 17B. Canberra: Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. p. 357. Retrieved 3 April 2020.
- ^ "Dryandra brownii". APNI. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
- ^ Meissner, Carl (1845). Lehmann, Johann G.C. (ed.). Plantae Preissianae. Hamburg: Sumptibus Meissneri. p. 595. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
- ^ "Banksia brunnea". APNI. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
- ^ Mast, Austin R.; Thiele, Kevin (2007). "The transfer of Dryandra R.Br. to Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 20 (1): 63–71. doi:10.1071/SB06016.
- ^ Francis Aubie Sharr (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and their Meanings. Kardinya, Western Australia: Four Gables Press. p. 151. ISBN 9780958034180.
- ^ Fitzpatrick, Matthew C.; Gove, Aaron D.; Sanders, Nathan J.; Dunn, Robert R. (2008). "Climate change, plant migration, and range collapse in a global biodiversity hotspot: the Banksia (Proteaceae) of Western Australia". Global Change Biology. 14 (6): 1–16. Bibcode:2008GCBio..14.1337F. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01559.x. S2CID 31990487.
- Cavanagh, Tony; Pieroni, Margaret (2006). The Dryandras. Melbourne: Australian Plants Society (SGAP Victoria); Perth: Wildflower Society of Western Australia. ISBN 1-876473-54-1.