Bar Beach is a beach on the Atlantic Ocean along the shoreline of Lagos, situated on Victoria Island.[1][2] For a time, it was the most popular beach in Nigeria[3][4] especially when Lagos was the capital of the country.[5]
1970s to 1990s: Firing squad venue
editFrom the early 1970s to the late eighties, during the military regime, Bar Beach was a site where many convicted armed robbers and coup plotters were executed by firing squad.[6] It was always a public spectacle, with thousands of spectators, including television cameras and print journalists.[7][8]
The first-ever public execution in Nigeria took place at Bar Beach in 1971. It was of Babatunde Folorunsho, for armed robbery.[9] Others include Joseph Ilobo, Williams Alders Oyazimo, and Lawrence Anini and Dr. Oyenusi in the 90s.[10][11]
The convicted plotters of the coup of February 1976 that killed General Murtala Mohammed, including Major-General I D Bisalla and Col. Buka Suka Dimka, were also shot by firing squad on Bar Beach.[12]
1980s to 2000s: Flooding
editOver many years, Bar Beach developed a reputation for overflowing its banks and claiming lives and property.[13][14][15] Many times, the Ahmadu Bello Way, the road closest to its banks, was closed for safety reasons. Studies showed that between eight and fourteen meters of beach-front was eroded annually along Bar Beach.[16]
2000s to present: Eko Atlantic
editIn 2003, the idea for a modern city on the Atlantic coast was publicly discussed. It would be sited on what used to be Bar Beach, out of reclaimed land. It would be called Eko Atlantic City, a residential and business district “standing on 10 million square metres of land reclaimed from the ocean and protected by an 8.5 kilometre-long sea wall"[17]
In 2008, the construction of the new city began.[18]
As of May 2009, while the site was being dredged, about 3,000,000 cubic metres (3,900,000 cu yd) of space had been sand-filled and placed in the reclamation area, while about 35,000 tonnes of rock have been delivered to the site.[19]
In 2016, Eko Atlantic City was commissioned by Lagos governor Akinwumi Ambode.[20]
Eko Atlantic and continuing flooding
editThe Eko Atlantic project has been criticized for having a design flaw that may contribute to continuing flooding in Lagos[21] because of its being "highly susceptible to rising tides, as it is based on an artificial sandbar directly adjacent to the ocean."[22] A storm surge in the exact area where the Eko Atlantic's construction was taking place reportedly killed 16 people.[23] There have been other equally dangerous flooding in Lagos blamed on the new construction project.[24][25]
In popular culture
editNnedi Okorafor's 2014 novel Lagoon is set in an alternative 2010, where Bar Beach is still a thriving entertainment district and the site of first contact between humans and extraterrestrial visitors.[26]
Environmental and climate issues
editThe Lagos bar beach has faced several environmental issues and climatic issues over the years. Prominent among those issues is consistency flooding as a result of the negative effect of the change in the earth`s climate.[1] In order to contain the flooding, erosion and other environmental issues around the beach, the Federal Government of Nigeria, has for the last forty years, spent over thirty billion naira on several projects aimed at improving the environment.[27][28]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Lagos Bar Beach". About Lagos. Retrieved August 15, 2014.
- ^ "Lagos Bar Beach". My Destination. Retrieved August 15, 2014.
- ^ "Lagos Bar Beach". Come to Nigeria. Retrieved August 15, 2014.
- ^ "Nigeria Beaches and Lifestyle". Total Facts about Nigeria. Retrieved August 15, 2014.
- ^ "Beaches for the rich: From solving chronic erosion to privatising beaches". The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News. 2023-04-14. Retrieved 2023-10-03.
- ^ McLuckie, Craig W.; McPhail, Aubrey (2000). Ken Saro-Wiwa: Writer and Political Activist. Lynne Rienner Publishers. p. 134. ISBN 9780894108839.
bar beach firing squad.
- ^ Siollun, Max (2009). Oil, Politics and Violence: Nigeria's Military Coup Culture (1966-1976). Algora Publishing. ISBN 9780875867106.
- ^ "Execution at Bar beach, Lagos Nigeria. April 24th 1970. - greg nwoko". greg nwoko. 2015-03-11. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
- ^ "STORY THAT TOUCHES THE HEART!!! First Execution In Nigeria In 1971". Nigeria Breaking News, Latest Nigerian News-Onyi Peters Blog. 2016-08-29. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
- ^ Tayo, Ayomide O. "The First Public Execution in Nigeria Was at Bar Beach". Retrieved 2017-12-17.
- ^ "How We Caught Oyenusi, Mighty Joe - THISDAYLIVE". www.thisdaylive.com. Retrieved 2023-07-12.
- ^ Siollun, Max (2009). Oil, Politics and Violence: Nigeria's Military Coup Culture (1966-1976). Algora Publishing. ISBN 9780875867106.
- ^ Babalola, Lanre (2002-03-26). "Nigeria: Bar Beach Overflows VI Roads, Streets Flooded". Retrieved 2017-12-17.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "LAGOS BAR BEACH OVERFLOWS : NIGERIA GENERAL TOPICS, FREE, WEBSITES, INTERNET, SOCIETY, REAL ESTATES, BUSINESS". www.nigerianbestforum.com. Archived from the original on 2017-12-20. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
- ^ The State of African Cities 2008: A Framework for Addressing Urban Challenges in Africa. UN-HABITAT. 2008. ISBN 9789211320152.
- ^ Oniru, Adesegun (2011). "Resilient Cities 2011" (PDF). Resilient Cities.
- ^ "The Bar Beach was here | The Sun News". sunnewsonline.com. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
- ^ Eweniyi, Olanrewaju (2017-07-10). "Lagos Experienced Its Worst Flood Yet...But It Could Still Get Worse". Konbini Nigeria. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
- ^ "Punch Newspaper - Breaking News, Nigerian News & Multimedia". Punch Newspapers. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
- ^ "Gov. Ambode unveils tower at Eko Atlantic City - Vanguard News". Vanguard News. 2016-11-12. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
- ^ Onuoha, Mimi. "A 5-mile island built to save Lagos's economy has a worrying design flaw". Quartz. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
- ^ siteadmin (2017-12-02). "Why Eko Atlantic City Is A Very Bad Idea By David Damiano | Sahara Reporters". Sahara Reporters. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
- ^ Onuoha, Mimi. "A 5-mile island built to save Lagos's economy has a worrying design flaw". Quartz. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
- ^ "Lagos Flooding: Eko Atlantic City Takes The Blame ⋆ The Herald Nigeria Newspaper". The Herald Nigeria Newspaper. 2017-07-09. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
- ^ Eweniyi, Olanrewaju (2017-07-10). "Lagos Experienced Its Worst Flood Yet...But It Could Still Get Worse". Konbini Nigeria. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
- ^ Okorafor, Nnedi (2014). Lagoon. Hodder & Stoughton Ltd.
- ^ Chain, Maggie Andresen,Lydia. "In Lagos, Vulnerable Communities Are Buried by Urbanization". Scientific American. Retrieved 2023-10-07.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Lagos to sink N27b in shoreline protection". EnviroNews Nigeria. 2013-03-14. Retrieved 2023-10-07.