Barbara Wilson may refer to:
- Barbara Wilson (astronomer) (1947–2019), American amateur astronomer and director of the George Observatory
- Barbara Wilson (author), author of the Lambda Award winning novel on which the 2001 film Gaudi Afternoon was based
- Barbara Wilson (Australian sprinter) (born 1952), Australian sprinter
- Barbara Wilson (Batgirl), fictional movie character in Batman and Robin
- Barbara Wilson (psychologist) (born 1941), British neuropsychologist
- Barbara Wilson (singer), Panamanian jazz singer in the 1940's