Barbier, Benard, et Turenne (BBT) was a French company founded in 1862, specializing in the manufacture of spotlights, Fresnel lenses for lighthouses, and lighting systems.[1] It was the world's leading producer of lighthouse beacons from the end of the 19th century onwards. It dissolved in 1982.[2]
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History
editThe company was founded in 1862 by Frederic Barbier and Stanislas Fenestre as Barbier and Fenestre. It was renamed Barbier et Cie in 1887 and Barbier and Bénard in 1889. It became Barbier, Benard, et Turenne early in the 20th century, and became a public limited company in 1919.[3][4]
Production
editLighthouses
editBarbier, Benard, et Turenne began with a specialty in the production of equipment for lighthouse beacons, such as Fresnel lenses.[3] It later expanded into production of beacons themselves, as well as rotation mechanisms.[3] Eventually, the company manufactured buoys, metal towers, and fog sirens.[3]
BBT was soon able to build complete lighthouses, and became world renowned for it.[5] It was the world leader in the construction of lighthouses in the late 19th century.[3]
BBT used its expertise in optics, lighting, and construction to expand into other businesses, including stadium and airport floodlights and streetlamps.[3] It also license-produced microscopes.[3]
Locations
edit
BBT's factories were located mainly near the Ourcq Canal in Paris.[5] Its headquarters was also in Paris. It had facilities in Nazelles (Indre-et-Loire) and White Misseron (Nord).[3] BBT had specialist plants for the production of gas for streetlamps, at Sfax and Marseilles.[3][6]
Dissolution
editFrom the 1960s onwards, the industry sectors BBT had invested in began to decline in France. The company was eventually dissolved in 1982.[3]
Notes
edit- ^ Barbier Benard Turenne Archived 2014-01-29 at the Wayback Machine; BBT finances Archived 2021-12-26 at the Wayback Machine;BBT finances Archived 2021-12-26 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "BBT". Archived from the original on 2014-01-29. Retrieved 2015-10-30.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j École des Ponts ParisTech, enpc.fr website, {pdf} /web-BBT.pdf "Barbier Benard Turenne (BBT), historical note"[permanent dead link].
- ^ Thobie, Jacques. Administration General beacons of the Ottoman Empire and the Collas and Michel society, 1860-1960 (L'Harmattan, 2004), p. 12.
- ^ a b Le Cunff, Louis. Sea Lights (Navy Anchor Press, 1992), p. 75
- ^ Website of the Ministry of Culture headlights / phares_gaz.htm "Major coastal lighthouses of France, technical and scientific objects and materials: gas systems"[permanent dead link]
