Baron Arklow was a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom that has been created twice. Arklow is a town in County Wicklow in Ireland.

Barony of Arklow
Creation date24 May 1881
CreationSecond
Created byQueen Victoria
PeeragePeerage of the United Kingdom
First holderPrince Augustus Frederick
Last holderPrince Charles Edward
Remainder tothe 1st Baron's heirs male of the body lawfully begotten
StatusSuspended

History

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First creation, 1801

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It was created first in 1801 as a substantive title by King George III for his son Prince Augustus Frederick.[1] Augustus Frederick was also created Duke of Sussex and Earl of Inverness, on the same day. The title became extinct upon Prince Augustus Frederick's death in 1843.

Although Prince Augustus Frederick was survived by a son and daughter by Lady Augusta Murray, their marriage (purportedly solemnized at St George's Hanover Square Church, Westminster, in 1793) had been annulled for lack of royal permission under the Royal Marriages Act 1772, rendering the children illegitimate under English law and unable to inherit titles from their father. Both children by the annulled marriage died childless, rendering the issue of their inheritance moot.

On 2 May 1831, Prince Augustus Frederick married secondly (and again in contravention of the Royal Marriages Act 1772), Lady Cecilia Gore at Great Cumberland Place, London. Not being the Prince's legitimate wife, Lady Cecilia could not be received at court. On 30 March 1840, she was given the title of Duchess of Inverness in her own right by Queen Victoria.[2]

Second creation, 1881

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The second creation in 1881, as a substantive title by Queen Victoria for her son Prince Leopold.[3] Leopold was also created Duke of Albany and Earl of Clarence, on the same day. Prince Leopold's son, Prince Charles Edward (who had succeeded as reigning Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in 1900), was deprived of the peerage in 1919 for bearing arms against the United Kingdom in World War I.[4]

Baron Arklow, first Creation (1801)

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Baron Portrait Birth Marriage(s) Death
Prince Augustus Frederick
House of Hanover
1801–1843
also: Duke of Sussex and Earl of Inverness (1801)
  27 January 1773
Buckingham House, London
son of King George III and Queen Charlotte
4 April 1793
Lady Augusta Murray
2 children

2 May 1831
Lady Cecilia Underwood
No children
21 April 1843
Kensington Palace, London
aged 70
Prince Augustus' marriage to Lady Augusta Murray, which produced two children, was invalid under the Royal Marriages Act 1772; accordingly all his titles became extinct on his death.

Baron Arklow, second Creation (1881)

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Baron Portrait Birth Marriage(s) Death
Prince Leopold
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
1882–1884
also: Duke of Albany and Earl of Clarence (1881)
  7 April 1853
Buckingham Palace, London
son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert
Princess Helena of Waldeck and Pyrmont
27 April 1882
2 children
28 March 1884
Villa Nevada, Cannes
aged 30
Prince Charles Edward
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
1884–1919
also: Duke of Albany and Earl of Clarence (1881)
  19 July 1884
Claremont, Esher
son of Prince Leopold and Princess Helena
Princess Victoria Adelaide of Schleswig-Holstein
11 October 1905
5 children
6 March 1954
Coburg
aged 69
The Titles Deprivation Act 1917 suspended the title on 28 March 1919.

Family tree

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References

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  1. ^ "No. 15429". The London Gazette. 24 November 1801. p. 1403.
  2. ^ "No. 19842". The London Gazette. 31 March 1840. p. 858.
  3. ^ "No. 24977". The London Gazette. 24 May 1881. p. 2677.
  4. ^ Eilers, Marlene (1997). Queen Victoria's Descendants. Falkoping, Sweden: Rosvall Royal Books. pp. 106–108, 160–162, 164–165, 179–180. ISBN 91-630-5964-9.