Herbert Colstoun Gardner, 1st Baron Burghclere, PC (9 June 1846 – 6 May 1921) was a British Liberal politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1885 until he was raised to the peerage in 1895. He served as President of the Board of Agriculture between 1892 and 1895.
The Lord Burghclere | |
|---|---|
 Photographed 8 August 1902 | |
| President of the Board of Agriculture | |
| In office 25 August 1892 – 21 June 1895 | |
| Monarch | Victoria |
| Prime Minister | William Ewart Gladstone The Earl of Rosebery |
| Preceded by | Henry Chaplin |
| Succeeded by | Walter Long |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 9 June 1846 |
| Died | 6 May 1921 (aged 74) |
| Nationality | British |
| Political party | Liberal |
| Spouse |
Lady Winifred Herbert
(m. 1890) |
| Children |
|
| Alma mater | Trinity Hall, Cambridge |
Early life
editGardner was born on 9 June 1846. He was the son of Alan Gardner, 3rd Baron Gardner, by his second wife, the professional actress Juliah Sarah (née Fortescue). However, he was born two years before his parents' marriage and was consequently not allowed to succeed in the barony of Gardner on his father's death in 1883.[1] He had an older brother who was not formally recognised as the baron; Alan Coulston Gardner who joined the British army and saw action in India and famously in the Anglo-Zulu War[2]
His paternal grandparents were Alan Gardner, 2nd Baron Gardner, an admiral in the British Navy, and Charlotte (née Smith) Gardner, third daughter of Robert Smith, 1st Baron Carrington. His maternal grandfather was Edward E. T. Fortescue.[1]
He was educated at Harrow School followed by Trinity Hall, Cambridge.[3]
Career
editWhile at Cambridge, he was a member and eventually manager of the Amateur Dramatic Club which was 'flourishing exceedingly' under his management. He later acted with the Canterbury Old Stagers for whom he and William Yardley wrote some of the best plays and epilogues they produced.[3]
In 1867, Gardner was admitted at Inner Temple and was a Deputy Lieutenant of Middlesex.[4]
Political career
editAt the 1885 general election, Gardner was elected Member of Parliament for Saffron Walden, a seat he held until 1895. He served in the Liberal administrations of William Ewart Gladstone and later Lord Rosebery as President of the Board of Agriculture from 1892 to 1895.[5] He was sworn of the Privy Council in 1892 and in 1895 he was raised to the peerage as Baron Burghclere, of Walden in the County of Essex.[6]
Gardner was a director of the P and O Steamship Company. He was an Ecclesiastical Commissioner from 1903 to 1921 and chairman of Royal Commission on the Historical Monuments of England.
Gardner was also an author of several novels, and of the comedies Time will tell, Our Bitterest Foe, After Dinner and Cousin Zacchary. He published a translation of Virgil's Georgics in 1904.
Personal life
editOn 4 March 1890, Lord Burghclere married Lady Winifred Anne Henrietta Christiana, daughter of Henry Herbert, 4th Earl of Carnarvon and Lady Evelyn Stanhope (a daughter of George Stanhope, 6th Earl of Chesterfield and Anne Stanhope, Countess of Chesterfield). Lady Winifred was the widow of Captain Alfred John George Byng (a son of George Byng, 2nd Earl of Strafford), who died in 1887.[7] Together, they were the parents of four daughters:[8]
- Juliet Mary Evelyn Stanhope Gardner (b. 1892), who married Alexander Duncan Cumming-Russell, son of Maj.-Gen. Francis Shirley Russell, in 1916. They divorced in 1922.[8]
- Alethea Margaret Gwendolin Valentine Gardner (b. 1893), who married Sir Geoffrey Fry, 1st Baronet.[9]
- Mary Sidney Katharine Almina Gardner (1896–1994), who married Geoffrey Hope-Morley, 2nd Baron Hollenden.[8]
- Evelyn Florence Margaret Winifred Gardner (1903–1994), who was the first wife of the author Evelyn Waugh.[8]
Lord Bughclere died in May 1921, aged 74. As he had no sons the barony became extinct on his death. Lady Burghclere died in September 1933, aged 69.[1]
Coat of arms
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References
edit- ^ a b c thepeerage.com Herbert Colstoun Gardner, 1st and last Baron Burghclere of Walden
- ^ "Author restores grave of Stansted Zulu War hero". bishopsstortfordindependent.co.uk. 13 December 2019. Retrieved 19 December 2019.
- ^ a b "Gardner, Herbert Colstoun (GRDR864HC)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ^ Debretts Guide to the House of Commons 1886
- ^ Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Herbert Gardner
- ^ "No. 26649". The London Gazette. 2 August 1895. p. 4364.
- ^ Gordon, Peter (2009). The Political Diaries of the Fourth Earl of Carnarvon, 1857-1890: Volume 35: Colonial Secretary and Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland. Cambridge University Press. p. 91. ISBN 9780521194051. Retrieved 22 May 2019.
- ^ a b c d Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990.
- ^ "Fry, Sir Geoffrey Storrs (1888-1960) 1st Baronet and ministerial secretary - cudl-atom". archive.lib.cam.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 24 September 2017. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
- ^ Debrett's peerage & baronetage 1903. London: Macmillan. 1903. p. 138.
Books
edit- Hesilrige, Arthur G. M. (1921). Debrett's Peerage and Titles of courtesy. London: London: Dean & son, limited. p. 153.