Crossed out B (majuscule: B̵, minuscule: b̵) is letter of the Latin alphabet formed by addition of the bar through the letter B. It is used in Kiowa, Northern Embera[1][2] and Pilagá languages.[3]
Crossed out B | |
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B̵ b̵ | |
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Usage | |
Writing system | Latin script |
Language of origin | Kiowa Northern Embera Pilagá |
History | |
Development | B b
|
Other | |
Writing direction | Left-to-Right |
Usage
editThe orthography of Northern Embera language used in Panama, the letter represents the voiced bilabial implosive ([ɓ]) sound. In contrast, the orthography of the language used in Colombia, replaces the letter with Ɓ.[1][2] It is also used in Pilagá language.[3]
The lower case letter was also used as a phonetic symbol, for example by William A. Smalley in his 1968 Manual of articulatory phonetics. In his work Smalley used the letter as a representation of the voiced bilabial fricative ([β]) sound.[4][5]
References
edit- ^ a b Charles A. Mortensen. "Diccionario Embera del Norte – Español". webonary.work.
- ^ a b Dadyi Beđeada Ƀʌđia, Guía para docentes
- ^ a b "Alfabeto pilagá". lenguapilaga.com.
- ^ William A. Smalley, Manual of articulatory phonetics
- ^ Geoffrey K. Pullum, William A. Ladusaw, Phonetic Symbol Guide. p. 320.
Bibliography
edit- Geoffrey K. Pullum, William A. Ladusaw, Phonetic Symbol Guide, Chicago, London, The University of Chicago Press, 1996, 2nd edition.
- William A. Smalley, Manual of articulatory phonetics, Tarrytown, Practical Anthropology, 1968
- Dadyi Beđeada Ƀʌđia, Guía para docentes, República de Panamá, Ministerio de Educación - Dirección General de Educación, Unidad de Coordinación Técnica para la Ejecución de Programas Especiales en las Áreas Indígenas, Segundo Proyecto de Educación Básica / Banco Mundial, 2006