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The Barrier Industrial Council (BIC) is the trades and labour council in Broken Hill, New South Wales, Australia, and surrounding areas. Formed in 1923 by 18 trade unions, the council has been unusually influential in local government, for a labour confederation. The BIC also owns the only newspaper based in Broken Hill, the Barrier Daily Truth.
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History
editThe town of Broken Hill has had a turbulent industrial history since its formation, with the harsh working conditions in the mines forging a strong culture of union militancy. By 1890 nearly all workers at the Line of Lode mine, which was the only major source of employment in the town, were union members. The early years of the town were characterised by bitter industrial disputes and strikes in 1892, 1909 and 1919. The first attempt to establish a peak body to represent all trade unions in Broken Hill was in 1916 with the formation of the Broken Hill Trades and Labour Council. However, the dominant union in the town, the Amalgamated Miners' Association (AMA), did not join and some tradesmens' unions were represented separately by the Iron Trades Council. In 1921 the AMA was renamed the Workers' Industrial Union of Australia and joined the Trades and Labour Council in 1923. The following year the council was renamed after the Barrier Ranges, first as the Barrier Industrial and Political Council and then as the Barrier Industrial Council (BIC). By the end of 1925 all the tradesmens' unions had affiliated.[1]
The BIC grew in power and influence over the 20th century as its control over the supply of labour in the isolated, and economically influential, town allowed it to dictate terms to both the mining companies and politicians in state government. The BIC's influence allowed it to greatly improve the conditions of workers in the town, who often received more generous entitlements than was standard for employees in the rest of Australia, such as a 35-hour working week and five weeks of annual leave.[1]
One notable example of the BIC's influence in the town is the Badge Show Day. Established in 1923 the Badge Show Day is an event held four times a year in which union members march through the town wearing badge distributed by the BIC. During the period of compulsory unionism this acted as a way of ensuring that all workers were financial members of their relevant union as the individually numbered badges indicated which union they were a member, and which shift they worked on if they were miners.[2]
In 1977, the BIC engaged in industrial action directed at the City of Broken Hill which culminated in the resignation of the city council, including mayor Noel Hicks, and the appointment of administrators by the state government. The conflict occurred when a council employee, Noel Latham, refused to pay a fine imposed by the BIC. As a result, other workers refused to work with Latham, "resulting in a two-week pile-up of garbage". The BIC then excluded Latham from its membership by refusing to issue him a badge and asked the city council to dismiss him. The council believed there was no legal grounds to dismiss Latham, as a result of which 97 council employees working in garbage collection, sanitation services and road works staged a walk-out.[3]
The influence of the BIC has declined to some extent with the decline in mining employment in the city, as well as greater state and federal government regulation, but it is still an important organisation in local politics.
Further reading
edit- Ellem, Bradon and Shields, John, 'Making a 'Union Town': Class, Gender and Consumption in Inter-War Broken Hill', Labour History, vol. 78, 2000, pp. 116–140.
- Ellem, Bradon and Shields, John, 'Placing Peak Union Purpose and Power: The Origins, Dominance and Decline of the Barrier Industrial Council', Economic and Labour Relations Review, vol. 12, no. 1, 2001, pp. 61–84.
- Ellem, Brandon and Shields, John, 'Making the 'Gibraltar of Unionism': Union Organising and Peak Union Agency in Broken Hill, 1886-1930', Labour History, vol. 83, 2002, pp. 65–88
- Dale, George, The Industrial History of Broken Hill, Fraser and Jenkinson, Melbourne, 1918.
- Howard, William A., Barrier bulwark: the life and times of Shorty O'Neil, Willry, 1990.
References
edit- ^ a b "History". Barrier Industrial Council. 2007. Archived from the original on 15 August 2013. Retrieved 9 March 2013.
- ^ "Badge Show". Barrier Industrial Council. 2007. Archived from the original on 15 August 2013. Retrieved 9 March 2013.
- ^ "Broken Hill Council out". The Canberra Times. 8 June 1977.
- Sydney 'Shorty' O'Neil (1903-2000): the King of Broken Hill by John Shields (Workers Online Issue 69, 2000)