Bataillon is a surname of French origin. Notable people with the surname include:
- Jean Eugène Bataillon (1864–1953), French biologist
- Joseph Bataillon (born 1949), American judge
- Marcel Bataillon (1895–1977), French Hispanicist
- Quentin Bataillon (born 1993), French politician
Look up Bataillon in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.