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Battle of Loano order of battle

The Loano 1795 order of battle shows the forces involved in the Battle of Loano (23–24 November 1795), during which the army of the First French Republic attacked the combined forces of Habsburg Austria and the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont. The action resulted in a French tactical victory. The orders of battle are listed below.

Painting shows soldiers attacking a fortified position while offshore gunboats fire on the land.
Battle of Loano, by Hippolyte Bellangé

Abbreviations

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Military rank

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Other

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  • mw = Mortally wounded
  • w = Wounded
  • c = Captured
  • Det. = Detachment

Orders of battle

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French

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  • Chief of Staff: GD Paul Louis Gaultier de Kervéguen[2]
  • GD André Massena commanded the two divisions and reserve belonging to the Center.[3]
  • Massena assumed direct command of Charlet's division[4] after Charlet was mortally wounded.[5]

There were two more field divisions in the Army of Italy. These were GD François Macquard's division guarding the Col de Tende and GD Pierre Dominique Garnier's division on the extreme left flank. Neither were directly engaged in the Battle of Loano, nor are they included in the following order of battle.[6]

French Army of Italy at Loano[7][note 1]
Division Brigade Units Strength
Right Wing
GD Charles-Pierre Augereau 		GB Pierre Banel (w)
GB Claude-Victor Perrin
GB Elzéar Dommartin
GB Jean-Baptiste Rusca[note 2] 		6th Grenadier Battalion 384
14th Grenadier Battalion 188
Det. 8th Grenadier Battalion 116
1st Light Infantry Demi-Brigade 401
Line Infantry Chasseurs 650
Det. 21st Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 164
99th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 396
10th Battalion/Ain Volunteers 393
Det. 18th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 158
105th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 450
55th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 217
69th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 274
4th Provisional Demi-Brigade 179
15th Provisional Demi-Brigade 131
Grenadier Battalion 423
145th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 261
147th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 488
19th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 911
39th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 571
12th Grenadier Battalion 206
Right Wing Total 6,961[3]
Center: 1st Division
GD Étienne Charlet (mw) 		GB Philippe Ménard Sappers (2 companies) 216
13th Provisional Demi-Brigade 516
14th Provisional Demi-Brigade 649
Eclaireurs 800
GB Jean-Baptiste Cervoni Det. 8th Light Infantry Demi-Brigade 144
16th Light Infantry Demi-Brigade 619
2nd Battalion/6th Provisional Demi-Brigade 108
3rd Battalion/122nd Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 208
11th Grenadier Battalion 440
79th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 634
Center: 2nd Division
GD Amédée Laharpe 		GB Louis de Saint-Hilaire Sappers (2 companies) 180
129th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 836
2nd Battalion/3rd Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 272
3rd Battalion/84th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 198
GB Jean Joseph Pijon 1st Grenadier Battalion 422
3rd Grenadier Battalion 460
5th Grenadier Battalion 400
10th Grenadier Battalion 431
101st Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 900
1st & 2nd Battalions
3rd Light Infantry Demi-Brigade		 644
2nd Battalion/102nd Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 238
2nd Battalion/84th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 274
Center: Reserve GB Guilin Laurent Bizanet 152nd Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 1,205
2nd Grenadier Battalion 445
13th Grenadier Battalion 496
1st Battalion/100th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 266
1st Provisional Demi-Brigade 625
70th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 650
Center Total 13,276[3]
Left Wing
GD Jean Sérurier 		GB Louis Pelletier
GB François de Miollis
GB Paul Guillaume[note 3] 		2nd Battalion/Haute-Loire Volunteers unknown
1st Battalion/84th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 351
3rd Eclaireur Company 195
1st & 2nd Battalions
46th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade		 609
51st Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 599
3rd Battalion/6th Light Infantry Demi-Brigade 594
Grenadier companies
109th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade		 152
2nd & 3rd Battalions
117th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade		 678
1st Battalion/Maine-et-Loire Volunteers 600
1st & 3rd Battalions
56th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade		 257
2nd Battalion/166th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade 210
Left Wing Total 5,155[8]

Austrians

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  • 23,380 infantry, 2,788 cavalry, 772 artillery[9]
  • Nafziger had no Austrian order of battle for Loano. The previous available report was from 20 June 1795, as follows.[9]
Austrian Army of Italy on 20 June 1795[9][10]
Division Brigade Units Battalions Squadrons
Division
FML Johann von Wenckheim 		GM Mathias Rukavina Karlstadter Grenz Regiment[note 4] 2 0
Szluiner Grenz Regiment Nr. 63 1 0
Strassoldo Infantry Regiment Nr. 27 2 0
Meszaros Uhlan Regiment 0 2
GM Michael von Ternyey (c) Nadasdy Infantry Regiment Nr. 39 2 0
Archduke Anton Infantry Regiment Nr. 52 2 0
GM Philipp Pittoni Brechainville Infantry Regiment Nr. 25 1 0
Lattermann Infantry Regiment Nr. 45 2 0
Alvinczi Infantry Regiment Nr. 19 2 0
GM Anton Lipthay Reisky Infantry Regiment Nr. 13 3 0
Terzi Infantry Regiment Nr. 16 3 0
Division
GM Karl von Türkheim 		GM Joseph Canto d'Irles Thurn Infantry Regiment Nr. 43 3 0
Jordis Infantry Regiment Nr. 59 1 0
Wilhelm Schröder Infantry Regiment Nr. 26 1 0
GM Wilhelm Fischer Meszaros Uhlan Regiment 0 6
Erdödy Hussar Regiment Nr. 9 0 2
Alessandro Filangieri,
Prince of Cuto
(Neapolitans) 		King's Dragoon Regiment 0 4
Queen's Dragoon Regiment 0 4
Prince Royal Dragoon Regiment 0 4

Sardinians

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  • Chief of staff: Col Joseph Henri Costa de Beauregard[12]
  • Nafziger listed no Sardinian orders of battle for 1795, but there is one for January 1796, as follows.[11]
Sardinian Army of Ceva in January 1796[11]
Division Units Battalions Companies
1st Division
Col Theodor Hyacinth Brempt 		Vercelli Infantry Regiment 2 0
Geneva Infantry Regiment 2 0
Royal German Infantry Regiment 2 0
Chablais Infantry Regiment 2 0
2nd Division
MG Luigi Costa della Trinità,
Marquis of Montafia 		Savoy Infantry Regiment 2 0
Queen's Infantry Regiment 2 0
Stettler Infantry Regiment 3 0
Balegno Legion 1 0
Saluggia Chasseurs 1 0
Colli Chasseurs 1 0
Tortona Infantry Regiment 1 0
Chasseurs Francs 0 ?
Giulay Freikorps 0 ?
1st Division of the Right
Col Jean-Gaspard Dichat de Toisinge 		Dichat Grenadier Regiment 2 0
Oneglia Infantry Regiment 2 0
Oneglia Regiment Elite companies 0 3
Light Legion Elite companies 0 6
Bellegarde Legion 1 0
Chasseurs Francs 0 4
Militia ? ?
Giulay Freikorps 0 ?
2nd Division of the Right
Col Friedrich von Bellegarde 		Royal Grenadier Regiment 2 0
D'Esery Grenadier Regiment 2 0
Varan Grenadier Regiment 2 0
La Tour Grenadier Battalion 1 0
Andermatt Grenadier Battalion 1 0
Chiusan Grenadier Battalion 1 0
Mondovi Infantry Regiment 2 0
2nd Line Austrians
GM Giovanni Marchese di Provera 		Belgiojoso Infantry Regiment Nr. 44 2 0
Schmidtfeld Infantry Regiment Nr. 48 2 0
Garrison Infantry Regiment[note 5] 1 0
Strassoldo Regiment Grenadiers 0 2
Giulay Freikorps 2 0
Staff Dragoons 0 ?
2nd Line Sardinians
Col Gaspare Gaetano Hallot
des Hayes, Count of Mussano 		Guard Infantry Regiment 2 0
Turin Infantry Regiment 2 0
Asti Infantry Regiment 2 0
Casale Infantry Regiment 2 0
Acqui Infantry Regiment 2 0

See also

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Notes

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Footnotes
  1. ^ In January 1796, the units shown here were reorganized into stronger demi-brigades. Then, on 17 March 1796, the regiments were renumbered. For example, what became the 211th Demi-Brigade in January was renamed the 18th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade in March (Phipps, pp. 273–274).
  2. ^ No brigade organization was listed for the Right Wing. Nafziger listed only the first three brigadiers. Phipps asserted that Rusca led a fourth brigade and that after Banel was wounded, Col Jean Lannes assumed command of Banel's brigade (Phipps, p. 264).
  3. ^ No brigade organization was listed for the Left Wing.
  4. ^ The list did not specify which of the Karlstadter Grenz regiments this was.
  5. ^ The Austrians had the 1st and 2nd Garrison Regiments (Pivka, p. 82). The Nafziger order of battle did not specify to which one this unit belonged.
Citations
  1. ^ Smith 1998, p. 108.
  2. ^ Phipps 2011, pp. 221, 275.
  3. ^ a b c Phipps 2011, p. 261.
  4. ^ Phipps 2011, p. 263.
  5. ^ Phipps 2011, p. 267.
  6. ^ Phipps 2011, p. 270.
  7. ^ Nafziger 2023a.
  8. ^ a b Phipps 2011, p. 262.
  9. ^ a b c Nafziger 2023b.
  10. ^ Pivka 1979, pp. 82–91. This source provided the unit numbers.
  11. ^ a b c Nafziger 2023c.
  12. ^ Boycott-Brown 2001, p. 91.

References

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  • Boycott-Brown, Martin (2001). The Road to Rivoli: Napoleon's First Campaign. London, UK: Cassell & Co. ISBN 0-304-35305-1.
  • Nafziger, George (2023a). "French Army at the Battle of Loano" (PDF). Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: U.S. Army Combined Arms Center. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
  • Nafziger, George (2023b). "Austrian Army of Italy, 20 June 1795" (PDF). Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: U.S. Army Combined Arms Center. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
  • Nafziger, George (2023c). "Austro-Sardinian Army, January 1796" (PDF). Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: U.S. Army Combined Arms Center. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
  • Phipps, Ramsay Weston (2011) [1931]. The Armies of the First French Republic and the Rise of the Marshals of Napoleon I: The Armies in the West 1793 to 1797 and The Armies in the South 1793 to March 1796. Vol. 3. Pickle Partners Publishing. ISBN 978-1-908692-26-9.
  • Pivka, Otto von (1979). Armies of the Napoleonic Era. New York, N.Y.: Taplinger Publishing. ISBN 0-8008-5471-3.
  • Smith, Digby (1998). The Napoleonic Wars Data Book. London: Greenhill. ISBN 1-85367-276-9.

Further reading

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