Beekeeping in Ukraine is a major economic activity. Approximately 700,000 people, 1.5% of the Ukrainian population, are engaged in the production of honey.[citation needed] Ukraine is ranked as the number one country in Europe and among the top five countries in the world for honey production, producing 75 million metric tons (74,000,000 long tons; 83,000,000 short tons) annually.[1] Ukraine produces the greatest quantity of honey per capita in the world.[2]
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Ukraine's gross honey production was 66,500 metric tons (65,400 long tons; 73,300 short tons) in 2014, of which 36,300 metric tons (35,700 long tons; 40,000 short tons) were exported.[3]
The 2013 World Beekeeping Congress was held in October 2013 in Kyiv, Ukraine.[4]
History
editPetro Prokopovych (Ukrainian: Петро Прокопович) (1775–1850) was the founder of commercial beekeeping. He introduced novelties in traditional beekeeping that allowed for great advancement in the field. Among his most important inventions was a hive frame in a separate honey chamber of his beehive. He also invented a crude queen excluder between brood and honey chambers.[5][6]
According to the Association Agreement with the EU, a quota of duty-free supplies of honey from Ukraine to the EU has been set.[7]
World honey production is 1.5 million tons per year, and Ukraine's share is 5%. According to the FAO, since 2008, Ukraine has been ranked first in honey production among European countries (with a gross harvest of up to 75 thousand tons) and fourth after such world leaders as China (367 thousand tons), Turkey (81.4 thousand tons) and Argentina (81 thousand tons).[8] In total, there are about 700 thousand people engaged in bee breeding and honey production — one and a half percent of the country's population.[9]
In the year to date, as of January 10, Ukraine fills the quota allocated for 2020 of duty-free supplies of honey to the countries of the European Union. In 2020, Ukrainians competently filled the quota as of January 10 (it took only ten days).[10]
As of January 1, 2023, the number of bee colonies in Ukraine amounted to 2.4 million units, which is 10.5% less than the same date a year earlier. This is according to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine (Ukrstat). In particular, there were 32.5 thousand bee colonies in agricultural enterprises (-13.6%), and 2.37 million (-10.5%) in households. The State Statistics Service notes that the data exclude the territories of Ukraine temporarily occupied by the Russian Federation and part of the territories where military operations are ongoing (or have been ongoing). In addition, the level of actual reporting by enterprises is 88%, and the indicators were reassessed. The data can be updated, the State Statistics Service added.[11]
In culture
editThe Ukraine National Beekeeping Museum[12] located in Kyiv is one of the world's largest beekeeping museums. It contains displays about beekeeping history, hive types, smoker display, art, and other areas of beekeeping. The grounds include a library and laboratory for beekeeping.
The traditional craft of beekeeping in Svatove Raion, Luhansk Oblast has been inscribed in the National Inventory of Elements of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine.[13]
Grey Bees, a novel by Andry Kurkov, is about a beekeeper during a conflict with Russia
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Honey Market Overview
- ^ "Ukraine Produces World's Greatest Quantity of Honey Per Capita". Archived from the original on 2014-08-10.
- ^ UNIAN: Ukrainian honey exports on rise in H1
- ^ Phipps, Ron (May 16, 2014). "International Honey Market". American Bee Journal. Dadant.
- ^
- Haydak, M.H. (1957). "Petro Prokopovich – a Ukrainian beekeeper, teacher and scientist". American Bee Journal. 97 (12): 474–475.
- "Apicultural Abstracts". Bee World. 39 (5). International Bee Research Association (T&F): 123–136. 1958. doi:10.1080/0005772x.1958.11095053. ISSN 0005-772X.
- ^ Crane, Ethel Eva (1999). The World History of Beekeeping and Honey Hunting. London, UK: Duckworth Publishing. ISBN 0-415-92467-7. OCLC 41049690. ISBN 9780415924672.
- ^ "Preferential tariff quotas | Євроінтеграційний портал". eu-ua.org (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 2020-06-24.
- ^ "Souz-inform KIEV". 2022-03-31. Archived from the original on 2022-03-31. Retrieved 2022-10-10.
- ^ "Souz-inform KIEV". 2022-03-31. Archived from the original on 2022-03-31. Retrieved 2022-10-10.
- ^ "Ukraine Completely Fills Quota Of Duty-Free Honey Supplies To EU For 2020". ukranews.com. 2020-01-22. Retrieved 2020-06-24.
- ^ Бджолосімей в Україні поменшало на 10%. 09.07.2023, 14:24
- ^ "The Ukraine National Beekeeping Museum". Archived from the original on 2016-06-30. Retrieved 2016-05-17.
- ^ "Національний перелік елементів нематеріальної культурної спадщини України". mkip.gov.ua (in Ukrainian). 2023-06-08. Retrieved 2023-08-05.
External links
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