Beličica (Macedonian: Беличица, Albanian: Beliçicë) is a village in the municipality of Mavrovo and Rostuša, North Macedonia.
Beličica
Беличица Beliçicë | |
|---|---|
Village | |
  Beličica Location within North Macedonia | |
| Coordinates: 41°42′N 20°41′E / 41.700°N 20.683°E | |
| Country |  North Macedonia |
| Region |  Polog |
| Municipality |  Mavrovo and Rostuša |
| Population (2002) | |
• Total | 4 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Car plates | GV |
| Website | . |
History
editIn the 1467/68 Ottoman defter Beličica appeared as uninhabited, in 1519 there lived 18 Christian families in the village and in 1583 there lived 30 Christian families in the village.[1]
According to Ethnographie des Vilayets D'Andrinople, de Monastir, et de Salonique, published in Constantinople in 1878 and reflecting the male population statistics of 1873, Bélitchitza is listed as a village with 100 households, and its inhabitants consist of 334 Orthodox Albanians.[2]
In the late 1890s Štilijan Čaparoski folklorist Panajot Ginoski, from Galičnik, Dolna Reka, maintained that Upper Reka inhabitants spoke a corrupted form of Albanian that was understood only by the locals, and contained a mixture of Slavic and Albanians words. Ginoski also maintained that the inhabitants of Beličica could speak both Mijak and Albanian.[3][4]
In statistics gathered by Vasil Kanchov in 1900, the village of Beličica was inhabited by 450 Orthodox Albanians, of whom could speak Bulgarian while Albanian was the language of the household.[5] In 1905 in statistics gathered by Dimitar Mishev Brancoff, Beličica was inhabited by 438 Albanians and had a Bulgarian school.[6]
According to statistics from the newspaper Debarski Glas in 1911 there were 36 Albanian exarchist houses and 30 Albanian patriarchist houses in Beličica. There is a Serbian school in the village with 1 teacher and 15 students.[7] According to the researcher Stefan Mladenov, in 1916 in the district of Galičnik it was difficult to accurately count the Albanians, especially in Upper Reka, because there were Christian villages that could speak both Albanian and Bulgarian, such as: Beličica, Duf, Sence and Kičinica. Mladenov noted that the Muslim Albanians in this area still kept their Christian traditions and lived as brothers with the Christian Albanians of Upper Reka.[8]
The village is mentioned in 1927 in the Serbian newspaper "Vreme". In a report titled "Through Southern Serbia : Under Šar and under Korab", the journalist writing about the village considers it as being populated by "Serbs who only speak Albanian".
- "We are in the district of Galičnik, in the pure Serbian villages: Duf, Gorno Jelovce, Vrben, Kičinica, Beličica, Brodec, where even under Turkey they kept their Serbian names and Orthodoxy, but the residents there do not know a single word of Serbian. They all speak only Albanian and call themselves Serbs. Their names and surnames are pure Serbian, their dress is like that from our Mavrovo, they celebrate the holidays, but they do not know any language other than Albanian. Now that the schools are open, the children can for the first time learn Serbian and teach in their mother tongue even their parents, who have forgotten it over the centuries"."
However, Salihi notes that this identification is due to the fact that the local Albanians adhered to the Orthodox Christian church. As opposed to reflecting ethno-linguistic identity.[8]
According to a 1929 ethnographic map by Russian Slavist Afanasy Selishchev, Beličica was an Albanian village.[9]
According to the 1942 Albanian census, Kičinica was inhabited by 256 Orthodox Albanians, all of whom could speak Serbian.[10]
Communist partisan resistance emerged from villages like Beličica that fought against Albanian fascist Balli Kombëtar forces.[11] On 19 September 1944, after 19 Partisans were captured, they along with 17 Beličica villagers were massacred by Ballist forces headed by Aqif Reçani near the area of the former village of Trnica.[11]
Demographics
editAccording to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 4 inhabitants.[12] Ethnic groups in the village include:[12]
References
edit- ^ Islami, Abaz (2010). "Aspekte Demografike të Rekës nga shekulli XV - 2002 [Demographic Aspects of Reka from the 15th century - 2002]". Studime Albanologjike. 3: 153.
- ^ "Section: Ethnographie du Vilayet de Monastir (Bitolia), p. 55.". Ethnographic des Vilayets d'Andrinople, de Monastir, et de Salonique. Constantinople. 1878.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Anastasovski 2008, p. 86. "At the end of the nineteenth century in the Upper Reka district villages, a corrupted form of Albanian was spoken by both Muslims and Christians alike. It was neither the language of their forefathers, nor their mother tongue, but a mixture of Albanian and Macedonian words, making the language unique and comprehensible only among themselves."
- ^ Murati 2011, p. 91. "Vo Mala Reka se zborvit mijački jozik, nego go zborvet i Turci i risjani; a vo Golema Reka se zborvet arnautski jozik, ama sporti drugiot jozik arnautski (škipetarski), rekanskiot jazik arnautski je podebel i mešan so mijački. A vo selata ščo se na jugoistočna strana vo Gorna Reka poveќe zborvet mijački, otkoli arnautski. Vo Beličica i Kičenica se izgovarajet obata jozika: mijački i arnautski. [In Small Reka, the Mijak language is spoken, a few amongst the Christians also speak Turkish, while in Big Reka, the Albanian language is spoken, while alongside the Albanian language (shkiptarski), the Upper Reka Albanian language is more thicker and mixed with Mijak. While in the south-eastern villages of Upper Reka, the Mijak language is spoken more than Albanian. In Beličica and Kičinica two languages are spoken: the Mijak and Albanian.]"
- ^ Vasil Kanchov (1900). Macedonia: Ethnography and Statistics. Sofia. p. 91, 263.
- ^ D.M.Brancoff (1905). La Macédoine et sa Population Chrétienne. Paris. pp. 184-185.
- ^ Дебърски глас, година 2, брой 38, 3 април 1911, стр. 2.
- ^ a b Salajdin SALIHI. "DISA SHËNIME PËR SHQIPTARËT ORTODOKSË TË REKËS SË EPËRME". FILOLOGJIA - International Journal of Human Sciences 19:85-90.
- ^ Афанасий Селищев. „Полог и его болгарское население. Исторические, этнографические и диалектологические очерки северо-западной Македонии“. – София, 1929, стр. 26.
- ^ "Ethnic/Religious composition of Dibër and Tetovë prefectures".
- ^ a b Markovski 1975, pp. 8, 27, 21–23, 27, 33, 37, 41–42, 80–86.
- ^ a b Macedonian Census (2002), Book 5 - Total population according to the Ethnic Affiliation, Mother Tongue and Religion, The State Statistical Office, Skopje, 2002, p. 135.
Works cited
edit- Anastasovski, Nick (2008). The Contest for Macedonian Identity 1870-1912. Abbotsford: Pollitecon Publications. ISBN 9780980476309.
- Markovski, Nešo (1975). Belčicia na plamen [Belčicia in flames]. Tetovo.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Murati, Qemal (2011). "Gjuha e humbur: Vëzhgime historike, linguistike, onomastike dhe folklorike rreth shqiptarëve ortodoksë në etnoregjionin e Rekës së Epërme të Mavrovës [Lost Language: Historical, Linguistic, Onomastic and Folkloric observations about the Orthodox Albanians in ethno-region of Upper Reka in Mavrovo]". Studime Albanologjike. 3: 87–133.
