62°40′N 176°00′E / 62.667°N 176.000°E
Beringovsky District (Russian: Бе́ринговский райо́н) was an administrative district (raion) of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia, which existed in 1957[1]–2011.[2] As a municipal division, it was, together with Anadyrsky Administrative District, incorporated as Anadyrsky Municipal District. It was located on the southeastern shores of the autonomous okrug and bordered with Anadyrsky District in the west and the Bering Sea in the east. Its administrative center was the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Beringovsky. Population: 2,501 (2010 Census);[3] 3,162 (2002 Census);[4] 8,968 (1989 Soviet census).[5] The area of the district was 37,900 square kilometers (14,600 sq mi).[1]
Geography
editThe district was the smallest in area of all districts within Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. It was a particularly mountainous region, part of the Koryak Highlands, and was a center for glaciation within the okrug. As a result of this, and due to the fact that a significant proportion of the less rugged land in the interior of the district was used for reindeer pasture, the administrative center of Beringovsky and three other native villages in the district were all situated on the coast of the Bering Sea.[6] As the sea in this area rarely, if ever, freezes, it was the main transport route between settlements, especially considering that the road network within the district was almost non-existent. There is a short paved road at around 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) from Beringovsky to the airport, a 150 kilometers (93 mi) ice road from Beringovsky to Meynypilgyno, and a 130 kilometers (81 mi) ice road from Meynypilgyno to Khatyrka.[6] The other rural locality in the district, Alkatvaam, was not connected by road to any other populated places and despite its proximity to Beringovsky all transport was done by sea or a helicopter.
Economy
edit
As with much of Chukotka, mining for coal and minerals was the main driver of the economy, leaving agriculture and other forms of commerce underdeveloped by all except indigenous peoples. The Nagornaya Mine JSC was the largest mining company in the district and extracted nearly 300,000 tons of coal during 2005.[1] Other industries included the Federal State Enterprise, Bering Sea Port, which is one of the main cargo processing center in the autonomous okrug after Anadyr and Pevek, and the Bering Beer and Beverage Plant, although it filed for bankruptcy.[1]
Although medium to heavy industry dominated the district, and traditional economic drivers remained underdeveloped, the high percentage of indigenous Chukchi (around 40%) allowed three farms, centered around three separate rural localities, to carry on traditional reindeer farming and husbandry as well as farming a variety of other traditional animals.[1]
Status changes
editBefore May 2008, Beringovsky Administrative District was municipally incorporated as Beringovsky Municipal District. In May 2008, Anadyrsky and Beringovsky Municipal Districts were merged, forming an enlarged Tsentralny Municipal District.[7] This change, however, did not affect the administrative aspect of these districts. Both Anadyrsky and Beringovsky Administrative Districts continued to exist separately. In October 2008, the law mandating the change was amended and the name Tsentralny was discarded with the combined municipal district being renamed Anadyrsky Municipal District.
Beringovsky Administrative District was itself merged into Anadyrsky Administrative District effective June 13, 2011.[2]
Divisions
editAdministrative divisions
editBeringovsky Administrative District had administrative jurisdiction over one urban-type settlement (Beringovsky) and three rural localities: Alkatvaam, Khatyrka, and Meynypilgyno.
Municipal divisions
editBeringovsky Municipal District was abolished in 2008, and all of the municipal formations previously within the district became a part of Anadyrsky Municipal District.[8]
References
editNotes
edit- ^ a b c d e Official website of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Beringovsky District Archived February 25, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b Law #44-OZ
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ a b Fute, p. 95f
- ^ Law #41-OZ
- ^ Law #148-OZ
Sources
edit- Дума Чукотского автономного округа. Закон №148-ОЗ от 24 ноября 2008 г. «О статусе, границах и административных центрах муниципальных образований на территории Анадырского муниципального района Чукотского автономного округа», в ред. Закона №24-ОЗ от 1 апреля 2011 г. «О внесении изменений в Приложение 2 к Закону Чукотского автономного округа "О статусе, границах и административных центрах муниципальных образований на территории Анадырского муниципального района Чукотского автономного округа"». Вступил в силу через десять дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости", №46/1 (373/1), 28 ноября 2008 г. (Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Law #148-OZ of November 24, 2008 On the Status, Borders, and Administrative Centers of the Municipal Formations on the Territory of Anadyrsky Municipal District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, as amended by the Law #24-OZ of April 1, 2011 On Amending Appendix 2 of the Law of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug "On the Status, Borders, and Administrative Centers of the Municipal Formations on the Territory of Anadyrsky Municipal District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug". Effective as of the day which is ten days after the official publication date.).
- Дума Чукотского автономного округа. Закон №41-ОЗ от 30 мая 2008 г. «О преобразовании муниципальных образований Анадырский муниципальный район и Беринговский муниципальный район и о внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Чукотского автономного округа», в ред. Закона №71-ОЗ от 10 сентября 2010 г «Об упразднении сельского поселения Краснено Анадырского муниципального района Чукотского автономного округа и о внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Чукотского автономного округа». Вступил в силу через десять дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости", №22/1 (349/1), 6 июня 2008 г. (Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Law #41-OZ of May 30, 2008 On the Transformation of the Municipal Formations of Anadyrsky Municipal District and Beringovsky Municipal District an on Amending Certain Legislative Acts of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, as amended by the Law #71-OZ of September 10, 2009 On Abolishing Krasneno Rural Settlement of Anadyrsky Municipal District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and on Amending Several Legislative Acts of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Effective as of the day ten days after the official publication date.).
- Дума Чукотского автономного округа. Закон №44-ОЗ от 26 мая 2011 г. «О преобразовании некоторых административно-территориальных образований в Чукотском автономном округе и внесении изменений в Закон Чукотского автономного округа "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Чукотского автономного округа"». Вступил в силу через 10 дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости", №21(502), 3 июня 2011 г. (Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Law #44-OZ of May 26, 2011 On the Transformation of Several Administrative-Territorial Entities in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and on Amending the Law of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug "On the Administrative-Territorial Division of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug". Effective as of the day which is 10 days after the day of the official publication.).
- Petit Fute, Chukotka