Bimal Pratibha Devi (1901–1978) was an Indian freedom fighter, activist and politician. Primarily known for her involvement in the political landscape of the state of Odisha.[1] She has been associated with the Indian National Congress (INC), one of the major political parties in India.[2][3][4]
Bimal Pratibha Devi | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1901 Cuttack, Odisha, India |
| Died | 1978 |
| Occupation(s) | Indian freedom fighter, activist |
| Political party | Indian National Congress |
Early life
editShe was born in December 1901 in Cuttack, Odisha, was a courageous freedom fighter who dedicated her life to India's independence struggle.[5] Her father, Surendranath Mukherjee, was a supporter of the Swadeshi movement, creating an anti-British environment that deeply influenced Bimal Pratibha from a young age.[6] Guided by her father's ideals, she grew up with a strong sense of patriotism and an enduring attraction to the freedom movement.[7]
Career
editBimalpratibha Devi moved to Kolkata as a housewife in a traditional Bengali household. However, her strong desire for India's liberation soon led her back to the revolutionary movement. Breaking away from her family obligations, she joined the Swadeshi movement, attending meetings, engaging in non-violent activism, and inspiring women across provinces to participate in the independence struggle.[8] Her dedication gained the attention of Bhagat Singh, who invited her to join the 'Naujawan Sabha,' a youth-led platform for freedom fighters. After demonstrating her commitment, she was appointed as chairperson of the Bengal chapter of the organization.[9]
In 1928, Bimal Pratibha also joined the Indian National Congress, balancing her involvement in both the Congress and the Naujawan Sabha. Although she was engaged in Congress’ non-violent activities, she privately supported armed revolutionaries, believing that independence required direct action.[10] Her stance led to disagreements with moderates within the movement, but she continued to assist armed rebels, feeling a strong connection to their ideology.[11]
By 1940, Bimal Pratibha was recognized for her role in various resistance activities, ultimately catching the attention of British authorities. Arrested in late 1941, she spent nearly four years in prison, enduring confinement in multiple facilities before her release in 1945. With the announcement of India’s impending independence, she shifted her focus to labor rights, particularly in industries under British ownership, where she saw significant worker exploitation, especially in the coal mines.[12]
During this period, Bimal Pratibha connected with Soumyendranath Tagore, founder of the Revolutionary Communist Party of India. Inspired by his philosophy, she joined the party and, after receiving training, decided to work with coal mine laborers in Raniganj. To support these communities directly, she established her residence near their settlements, purchasing land along the Damodar River and building a house in Burnpur.[13]
In this role, Bimal Pratibha became a vocal advocate for workers' rights, frequently traveling on horseback to mining sites across Burnpur, Asansol, Raniganj, and nearby areas. With her assertive approach and iconic whip in hand, she earned the nickname "Hunterwali" among the mining communities. Her advocacy extended beyond workers' rights to include educational initiatives for children and healthcare support. Her efforts to address workers' grievances and welfare earned her a respected place in the region’s history.[14]
References
edit- ^ Women's Equality: Quarterly Bulletin of AIDWA. AIDWA. 1990.
- ^ Bharat, E. T. V. (2022-08-15). "Bimal Pratibha Devi স্মৃতির অতলে হারিয়ে গিয়েছেন হান্টারওয়ালি বিমল প্রতিভা". ETV Bharat News (in Bengali). Retrieved 2024-11-07.
- ^ Sen, Samita (1999-05-06). Women and Labour in Late Colonial India: The Bengal Jute Industry. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-45363-9.
- ^ Basu, Jyoti (1999). Memoirs, a Political Autobiography. National Book Agency. ISBN 978-81-7626-054-1.
- ^ "কেউ মনে রাখেনি আসানসোলের হান্টারওয়ালিকে".
- ^ "The Namesake The Telegraph sketches out the woman whose whiplash ways made a crack in time". Telegraph India.
- ^ Ray, Panchali (2019-07-24). Women Speak Nation: Gender, Culture, and Politics. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-000-50727-0.
- ^ Bhattacharya, Swapna (2007). India-Myanmar Relations, 1886-1948. K.P. Bagchi & Company. ISBN 978-81-7074-290-6.
- ^ Manushi. Samta. 1991.
- ^ Pruthi, Raj (2000). Encyclopaedia of Women and Development: Women and leadership. Anmol Publications. ISBN 978-81-261-0550-2.
- ^ The Indian Annual Register: An Annual Digest of Public Affairs of India Recording the Nation's Activities Each Year in Matters Political, Economic, Industrial, Educational, Social, Etc. Annual Register Office. 1940.
- ^ Bakshi, Shiri Ram; Bala, Kiran (1999). Development of Women, Children and Weaker Sections: Social status and role of women. Deep & Deep Publications. ISBN 978-81-7629-115-6.
- ^ The Quarterly Review of Historical Studies. Institute of Historical Studies. 2002.
- ^ Pruthi, Raj (2000). Encyclopaedia of Women and Development: Women and leadership. Anmol Publications. ISBN 978-81-261-0550-2.