The black-and-cinnamon fantail (Rhipidura nigrocinnamomea) is a species of bird in the fantail family Rhipiduridae. It is endemic to the island of Mindanao in the Philippines where it is found in the tropical montane forests above 1,000 meters above sea level. The specific name is derived from Latin niger for 'black', and cinnamomeus for 'cinnamon'.[2]
| Black-and-cinnamon fantail | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Rhipiduridae |
| Genus: | Rhipidura |
| Species: | R. nigrocinnamomea
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| Binomial name | |
| Rhipidura nigrocinnamomea Hartert, 1903
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Description and taxonomy
editEBird describes the bird as "A fairly small, long-tailed bird of montane forest on Mindanao. Rufous above with darker wings, a tail frequently held cocked and fanned, pale orange underparts, a black hood, and a broad white eyebrow. Bundok Flycatcher and Eyebrowed Thrush both have orange chest, a black head, and a white brow, but Black-and-cinnamon Fantail is larger than the flycatcher and smaller than the thrush, with a totally different shape and habits. Voice includes a sharp “gyuk!” or grating chatter."[3]
The black-and-cinnamon fantail is 16 cm (6.3 in) long and weighs 10.5–14.5 g (0.37–0.51 oz)
Subspecies
editTwo subspecies are recognized:
- R. n. nigrocinnamomea – Found on Central and Southern Mindanao
- R. n. hutchinsoni – Found on North, West and Eastern Mindanao; similar to the nominate but lacks the white on the breast[2]
Ecology and behavior
editForages in the understory for insects and often joins mixed-species flocks that include other montane Mindanao birds that inclue Cinnamon ibon, Little pied flycatcher, Turquoise flycatcher, Negros leaf warbler and other small birds. [4]
Habitat and conservation status
editThe species inhabits forest understorey and edge, second growth and grassy clearings at altitude over 1,000 m. The IUCN has classified the species as being of Least Concern but was formerly listed as near threatened. Despite its limited range, it is said to be locally common. As it occurs in rugged and inaccessible mountains, this has allowed a large portion of its habitat to remain intact. However, there it is still affected by habitat loss through deforestation, mining, land conversion and slash-and-burn - just not to the same extent as lowland forest.
It is found in multiple protected areas such as Mount Apo and Kitanglad Mountain Range but like all areas in the Philippines protection is lax.[5]
References
edit- ^ BirdLife International (2018). "Rhipidura nigrocinnamomea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22706787A130423262. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22706787A130423262.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ^ a b Boles, W. (2017). Black-and-cinnamon Fantail (Rhipidura nigrocinnamomea). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from http://www.hbw.com/node/59168 on 4 March 2017).
- ^ "Black-and-cinnamon Fantail - eBird". ebird.org. Retrieved 7 September 2024.
- ^ Boles, Walter (2020). "Black-and-cinnamon Fantail (Rhipidura nigrocinnamomea), version 1.0". Birds of the World. doi:10.2173/bow.bacfan1.01species_shared.bow.project_name. ISSN 2771-3105.
- ^ IUCN (7 August 2018). Rhipidura nigrocinnamomea: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T22706787A130423262 (Report). International Union for Conservation of Nature. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2018-2.rlts.t22706787a130423262.en.