Black spot leaf disease is a physiological plant disorder that affects some grape varieties such as Concord. It is essentially a potassium deficiency that causes the leaves on a vine to turn purple and eventually black as chlorophyll is lost. For wine growers this lack of chlorophyll inhibits the vine's ability to transmit sugar to the grape, leaving the resulting grapes with a low brix count that may be less than ideal for wine making.[1]
| Black spot | |
|---|---|
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| Causal agents | potassium deficiency fungi |
| Hosts | grapevine |
| Treatment | pruning fungicides |
Causes
editBlack leaf, also known as black spot disease can be caused by different types of fungi and bacteria. Most common being Asterina, Asterinella, Diplotheca, Glomerella, Gnomonia, Schizothyrium, Placosphaeria, and Stigmea. Black leaf can affect many different plant species during wet, damp climate. It may appear as black spots on leaves, stems, and flowers.[2]
Prevention and Treatment
editTreating black leaf disease can be achieved in many ways. Some include removing each affected leaf of any yellow or black color. If the infection has spread throughout a larger area, it may be best to remove the affected limb of the plant to reduce further spread. Fungicides may be used as treatment. There are a number of remedies used to prevent the spread of black leaf disease, including mixtures of baking soda, soap, vegetable oil, and water.[3][unreliable source]
References
edit- ^ R. Irvine & W. Clore The Wine Project pg 31 Sketch Publications 1997 ISBN 0-9650834-9-7
- ^ "Black spot". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2019-03-22.
- ^ https://www.wikihow.com/Deal-with-Black-Spot-Leaf-Disease Deal with Black Spot Leaf Disease
External links
edit- Photosynthesis and Chlorophyll Fluorescence in Blackleaf-Affected Concord Leaves - American Society for Enology and Viticulture
- Blackleaf in Grapes Archived 2012-03-18 at the Wayback Machine on www.extension.org
- Black Spot Plant Disease
- Deal with Black Spot Leaf Disease
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