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Bombing of Nordhausen in World War II

The Allies bombed Nordhausen during World War II in a series of strategic attacks against targets in the Nordhausen district and city.

Nordhausen World War II bombings
Part of Strategic bombing campaign in Europe
Location
Nordhausen (district), Nazi Germany
Belligerents

United States Eighth Air Force

United Kingdom RAF Bomber Command		 Nazi Germany Luftwaffe
Commanders and leaders

Carl Spaatz

Arthur Harris
Main articles: Nordhausen (district) and Strategic bombing during World War II

Targets around Nordhausen included Gustloff factory, Mittelwerk and Nordhausen airfield

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Date Target Notes
July 7, 1944   Of 453 B-17s, 114 hit Leipzig/Taucha, 79 hit Leipzig/Mockau, 35 hit Leipzig/Heiterblick and 15 hit Leipzig/Abtnaundorf oil plants, 46 hit Leipzig bearing industry, 35 hit Kolleda Airfield, 19 hit Leipzig Station and seven hit Nordhausen.[1]
August 24, 1944 airfield & Gustloff factory 11 B-17s bombed Nordhausen airfield (the 511th Bombardment Squadron bombed Buchenwald/Nordhausen).[1] In 1943, a Gustloff factory (in addition to one at Weimar) had been built at Buchenwald, and an August 1944 bombing destroyed the Buchenwald factory, killing many forced laborers. Salvaged equipment was moved to an underground salt mine in Billroda to resume production.[2] One aircraft hit by wingman's gunfire crashed 8 miles North of Nordhausen.[2][3] The 336th Fighter Squadron strafed the airfield.[4]
August 24, 1944 airfield   Mission 669: 24 B-17s bombed.
December 12, 1944   Mission 748: 10 B-17s bombed the secondary target of Nordhausen.
February 1945 (late) Mittelwerk The Combined Chiefs of Staff discussed a proposed Allied attack on the Nordhausen plant with a highly flammable petroleum-soap mixtureHLW:188 which, having been used in the Pacific theatre, filled the tiniest crevices and burned with intense heat. Instead, Nordhausen was subsequently lightly attacked with conventional bombers, but the vulnerable convict barracks (Camp ‘Dora’) were untouched.
February 22, 1945 marshalling yards   Mission 841: 41 B-24s bombed the marshalling yards and targets of opportunity.
April 3 & 4, 1945   Three-quarters of the town of Nordhausen was destroyed and ~8,800 people died, including 1500 sick prisoners at the Boelcke Kaserne barracks.[3]
April 6, 1945 A Canadian armoured column cut the final supply line of V-2 rockets from the assembly plants near Zutphen.
April 10, 1945 Allied capture "The U. S. First Army reached Nordhausen."[4]
April 14 to 30, 1945 airfield The Allies used the Nordhausen airfield.[5]

Notes

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  1. ^ McKillop, July
  2. ^ "Looking for info on Gustloff Werke 5.6x35RWS". German Weapons. Gun Collector Forum. Retrieved 2008-09-16.
  3. ^ Béon, Yves (1997). Planet Dora: A Memoir of the Holocaust and the Birth of the Space Age. (translated from the French La planète Dora by Béon & Richard L. Fague). Westview Press, Div. of Harper Collins. p. XIX,XXI,XXII,XXIV. ISBN 0-8133-3272-9.
  4. ^ Shugg, Roger W.; DeWeerd, H. A.; Lieutenant Colonel (January 1947) [1946]. World War II: A Concise History (second ed.). Washington: Infantry Journal Press. p. 332.

References

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McKillop, Jack. "Combat Chronology of the USAAF". Archived from the original on 2007-06-10. Retrieved 2007-05-25.
1944: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December
1945: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September

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