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A boot-scraper,[1] door scraper,[2] mud scraper, or decrottoir is a device consisting of a metal blade, simple or elaborate, permanently attached to the wall or to the sidewalk at the entrance to a building to allow visitors to scrape snow, mud, leaves, or manure off the soles of their footwear before entering.
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Appearance
editThe simplest shoe scrapers could be a rectangular sheet of metal, a horizontal bar, or thick steel wire, but many had more complex shapes made of cast iron or wrought iron with horizontal center piece to scrape off the sole, vertical scraping surfaces to clean the sides of the boot, and other shapes to access concave area by the heel.
On building entrances, boot scrapers could be cemented into the pavement, protrude from a house walls, hide in a niche built into the facade, or sometimes integrated into wrought-iron banisters.
History
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The scrapers appeared at the end of the 18th century, at the same time as the sidewalks and abounded in the 19th century big cities, in the times of horse-drawn carriages and dirt roads.[3] Originally placed directly on foot paths, some were banned as a danger to public safety and placed in niches in the facades.[4]
Through the 20th century, the scrapers of European cities fell into disuse and many were removed during roadworks, or salvaged for ferrous metals.[5]
Notable locations
edit- At the British Prime Minister's office, 10 Downing Street in London, there are two ornate cast-iron Victorian shoe scrapers symmetrically on the right and left of the door.[6][7]
- On the top step of the front staircase of Goethe's house in Weimar there is a simple shoe scraper made of a rectangular plate.[8][9]
- In New York City's Greenwich Village, shoe scrapers are integrated into the banisters of some historic townhouses.[10]
- On Beacon Hill, Boston, Massachusetts, shoe scrapers are a feature of most historic houses.[11][12][13]
References
edit- ^ "Definition of 'boot-scraper'". Collins Dictionary.
- ^ "Definition of 'door scraper'". Collins Dictionary.
- ^ "Les décrottoirs d'antan au fil de nos rues" [The scrapers of yesteryear along our streets] (in French).
- ^ "History of urban development told by boot scrapers". Taipei Times. 21 August 2011.
- ^ "Grandeur et décadence du décrottoir" [Rise and fall of the scraper] (in French). 17 August 2011.
- ^ "Der Schuhabkratzer" [The shoe scraper] (in German).
- ^ File:10 Downing Street. MOD 45155532.jpg
- ^ "GOETHES WOHNHAUS WEIMAR" [GOETHE'S HOME IN WEIMAR] (in German). ArchitekturBildArchiv.
- ^ File:Goethes Wohnhaus in Weimar 1.JPG
- ^ "CITIES 101: LOCATING VICTORIAN BOOT SCRAPERS ON THE STREETS OF NYC". 17 August 2016.
- ^ File:Pretty front doors in the Beacon Hill neighborhood of Boston (8883188834).jpg
- ^ File:Beacon Hill, Boston, MA, USA - panoramio (16).jpg
- ^ File:2012 BeaconHill Boston windowbox 4600.jpg
External links
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Media related to Boot scrapers at Wikimedia Commons
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